UPSC CAPF

41. Which one of the following series of letters follows a pattern and is

Which one of the following series of letters follows a pattern and is different from the rest ?

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A D H M S Z
B E J N Q X
D G K P U Y
C F I O S Z
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2015
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The series in option A follows a distinct pattern based on the position of letters in the alphabet: A(+3) D(+4) H(+5) M(+6) S(+7) Z. The difference in position between consecutive letters increases by one each time (3, 4, 5, 6, 7). The other series do not follow such a consistent arithmetic progression of differences.
Letter series questions often involve patterns based on alphabetical position, skipping letters, or other sequences. Identifying the pattern involves calculating the difference in position between consecutive letters and looking for a rule.
Let’s examine the differences in alphabetical position for other options:
B) B(2) E(5) J(10) N(14) Q(17) X(24) -> +3, +5, +4, +3, +7
C) D(4) G(7) K(11) P(16) U(21) Y(25) -> +3, +4, +5, +5, +4
D) C(3) F(6) I(9) O(15) S(19) Z(26) -> +3, +3, +6, +4, +7
None of these exhibit the simple, consistently increasing difference pattern seen in option A. Therefore, option A is the one that follows a clear pattern, making it different from the rest.

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42. Consider the following pattern : The embedded figure in the given patt

Consider the following pattern :
The embedded figure in the given pattern is :
[Figure is provided in the image, followed by options representing potential embedded figures.]

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”[Figure
” option2=”[Figure (b)]” option3=”[Figure (c)]” option4=”[Figure (d)]” correct=”option3″]

This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2015
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This question asks to identify which figure among the options is embedded within a given pattern figure. The main pattern figure and the option figures (a, b, c, d) are not provided in the prompt. Assuming the figures were available, one would visually search for the exact shape of each option figure within the main pattern, allowing for rotation but typically not scaling or reflection unless specified. The provided option C is the correct answer based on the original question figures not included here.
To solve an embedded figure problem:
1. Carefully examine the main pattern figure, noting its various lines, curves, and shapes.
2. Examine each option figure (a, b, c, d) one by one.
3. Mentally (or visually, by tracing) try to locate the exact shape of the option figure within the main pattern. The embedded figure must maintain its relative proportions and angles, though it might be rotated.
4. The option figure that is found exactly within the main pattern is the correct answer.
Without the figures, this process cannot be performed.
Embedded figure questions test spatial reasoning and observational skills. It is crucial to look for the figure exactly as it appears in the options, without altering its size or parts, except possibly rotation.

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43. The following item consists of two statements, Statement I and Stateme

The following item consists of two statements, Statement I and Statement II. Examine these two statements carefully and select the correct answer using the code given below :
Code :

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Both the statements are individually true and Statement II is the correct explanation of Statement I
Both the statements are individually true but Statement II is NOT the correct explanation of Statement I
Statement I is true but Statement II is false
Statement I is false but Statement II is true
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2015
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This item is a Statement I and Statement II type question. The actual statements (Statement I and Statement II) are missing from the prompt. Assuming the statements were provided, one would evaluate the truthfulness of each statement independently and then assess if Statement II provides a correct explanation for Statement I. The provided option B is the correct answer based on the original question source not included here, implying both statements are true but Statement II does not explain Statement I.
The code options define the relationship between the two statements:
A) Both statements are true, and Statement II is the correct explanation for Statement I.
B) Both statements are true, but Statement II is NOT the correct explanation for Statement I.
C) Statement I is true, but Statement II is false.
D) Statement I is false, but Statement II is true.
Without the actual text of Statement I and Statement II, evaluating their truthfulness or causal relationship is impossible.
These types of questions test logical reasoning and understanding of concepts. One must first verify the factual correctness of each statement individually and then analyze the relationship between them, often by asking “Does Statement II explain why Statement I is true?”

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44. ‘Evaporites’ is :

‘Evaporites’ is :

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a rock
a meteorite
a brackish water pan
an evaporimeter
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UPSC CAPF – 2015
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‘Evaporites’ is a term for a type of sedimentary rock. Evaporite rocks are formed by the precipitation of minerals out of water that is evaporating. Common examples include rock salt (halite), gypsum, and anhydrite.
Evaporites are chemical sedimentary rocks whose formation is directly linked to the evaporation of water containing dissolved salts, leading to the concentration and crystallization of these salts.
Evaporite deposits are found in environments where evaporation rates exceed precipitation rates, such as restricted marine basins, playa lakes, and salt pans. They can be economically important sources of salt and gypsum.

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45. Consider the following statements relating to cyclone, anti cyclone an

Consider the following statements relating to cyclone, anti cyclone and trade wind :

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  • 1. The wind direction is clockwise in the cyclone of northern hemisphere
  • 2. The planetary wind that blows from north-east to north-west is known as north-east trade wind
  • 3. The wind direction is anti clockwise in the anticyclone of southern hemisphere
  • 4. Both westerlies and trade winds originate from sub-tropical highs

Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

3 and 4 only
1, 3 and 4
4 only
1, 2 and 3
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2015
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Statement 3: The wind direction is anti-clockwise in the anticyclone of the southern hemisphere. In the Southern Hemisphere, the Coriolis effect deflects moving air to the left. In an anticyclone (high pressure), air flows outward from the center; deflected to the left, this results in an anti-clockwise rotation. This statement is correct.
Statement 4: Both westerlies and trade winds originate from sub-tropical highs. The Subtropical High-Pressure belt (around 30° N and S) is a zone of descending air. From this high-pressure area, air flows towards the equator as Trade Winds and towards the poles as Westerlies. This statement is correct.
Statement 1: The wind direction is clockwise in the cyclone of northern hemisphere. In the Northern Hemisphere, the Coriolis effect deflects air to the right. In a cyclone (low pressure), air flows inward towards the center; deflected to the right, this results in an anti-clockwise rotation. Statement 1 is incorrect.
Statement 2: The planetary wind that blows from north-east to north-west is known as north-east trade wind. North-east trade winds blow from the north-east to the south-west (towards the equator) in the Northern Hemisphere. Statement 2 is incorrect.
Therefore, only statements 3 and 4 are correct.
The direction of wind circulation in cyclones (low pressure) and anticyclones (high pressure) is determined by the pressure gradient force and the Coriolis effect, which acts differently in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. Planetary winds like Trade Winds and Westerlies originate from global pressure belts.
Northern Hemisphere: Cyclones (Low Pressure) – Anti-clockwise inflow; Anticyclones (High Pressure) – Clockwise outflow.
Southern Hemisphere: Cyclones (Low Pressure) – Clockwise inflow; Anticyclones (High Pressure) – Anti-clockwise outflow.
Trade Winds blow from Subtropical Highs towards the Equator. Westerlies blow from Subtropical Highs towards Subpolar Lows.

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46. The heaviest element known up till January 2015 has the atomic number

The heaviest element known up till January 2015 has the atomic number :

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117
118
119
120
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2015
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As of January 2015, the element with the highest atomic number that had been synthesized and reported was Element 118, Oganesson (Og). While its official naming and addition to the periodic table by IUPAC/IUPAP occurred later, its synthesis was first reported in 2002 and confirmed in 2006 by a Russian-American collaboration. Element 117 (Tennessine, Ts) synthesis was reported in 2010 and confirmed in 2014. Thus, both 117 and 118 were “known” (synthesized) before January 2015, with 118 having the highest atomic number.
The question asks for the element with the highest atomic number *known* up until a certain date, which refers to elements that have been synthesized and their existence tentatively accepted by the scientific community, even if not fully confirmed or officially named.
The heaviest elements are synthetic and highly unstable, existing for only fractions of a second. Elements with atomic numbers 113, 115, 117, and 118 were officially added to the periodic table by IUPAC in December 2015 and named in 2016. Elements 119 and 120 were theoretical or subjects of ongoing synthesis attempts by January 2015.

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47. γ-ray consists of :

γ-ray consists of :

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meson particles
neutrino particles
Higg's boson
electromagnetic waves
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2015
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γ-ray consists of electromagnetic waves. Gamma rays are a form of electromagnetic radiation with the shortest wavelengths and highest frequencies, and therefore highest photon energies. They are part of the electromagnetic spectrum, like visible light or X-rays, but with much higher energy.
Unlike alpha and beta radiation which consist of particles, gamma radiation consists of energy packets (photons) and is an electromagnetic wave.
Gamma rays are typically produced by the decay of atomic nuclei (radioactive decay) or other high-energy processes like electron-positron annihilation. Mesons, neutrinos, and Higgs bosons are types of elementary particles, not constituents of gamma radiation.

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48. Movement of outer electrons in the inner orbits of an atom produces :

Movement of outer electrons in the inner orbits of an atom produces :

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α-ray
β-ray
γ-ray
x-ray
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2015
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Movement of outer electrons in the inner orbits of an atom produces X-rays. When high-energy electrons bombard a target material, they can knock out inner-shell electrons of the target atoms. The vacancies are then filled by electrons from higher energy levels (outer orbits) transitioning to the inner orbits, emitting photons in the process. If the energy difference is large enough, these photons are in the X-ray region of the electromagnetic spectrum.
X-rays are produced when electrons transition between energy levels in the inner shells of atoms or when charged particles are decelerated rapidly (bremsstrahlung). The question specifically refers to electron transitions from outer to inner orbits, which is a mechanism for characteristic X-ray emission.
α-rays are streams of alpha particles (helium nuclei). β-rays are streams of beta particles (electrons or positrons). γ-rays are high-energy electromagnetic waves produced by nuclear transitions. These are fundamentally different from the process described in the question, which relates to electron transitions within the atom’s electron cloud.

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49. Which one among the following States is the leading producer of salt i

Which one among the following States is the leading producer of salt in India ?

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Rajasthan
Gujarat
Tamil Nadu
Andhra Pradesh
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2015
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The correct answer is Gujarat. Gujarat is the largest producer of salt in India, contributing a significant percentage of the country’s total salt production.
Salt production in India heavily relies on coastal areas and inland lakes/salt pans. Gujarat’s long coastline and salt-rich areas like the Rann of Kutch make it ideal for salt production, primarily through evaporation of seawater.
Other major salt-producing states in India include Tamil Nadu, Rajasthan (from Sambhar Lake), and Andhra Pradesh. However, Gujarat consistently leads in production volume. India is also one of the largest salt producers globally.

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50. Which one among the following States is the leading producer of petrol

Which one among the following States is the leading producer of petroleum (crude) in India ?

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Assam
Gujarat
Maharashtra
Andhra Pradesh
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2015
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In India, crude petroleum production comes from both offshore and onshore fields. The largest single producing region is the offshore Mumbai High field, located in the Arabian Sea. The state associated with this major offshore production is Maharashtra. While states like Assam (Digboi, Naharkatiya), Gujarat (Ankleshwar, Kalol), and Rajasthan (Barmer) have significant onshore production, offshore fields, primarily Mumbai High, contribute the largest share to India’s crude oil output. Therefore, Maharashtra is typically the leading producer among the given options.
India’s major crude oil production areas include Assam (oldest), Gujarat, Rajasthan (major recent discoveries), Andhra Pradesh (onshore and offshore Krishna-Godavari basin), and significant offshore fields like Mumbai High (Arabian Sea) and Bassein.
Mumbai High field, operated by ONGC, is the backbone of India’s domestic crude oil production. Although onshore production is distributed across several states, the volume from offshore fields, accounted under the nearest state (Maharashtra), often makes it the top producer state-wise when considering total production. Rajasthan has emerged as a major onshore producer in recent decades. Production figures can fluctuate year to year, but historically and generally, Maharashtra leads due to Mumbai High.

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