UPSC CAPF Archives

41. If the numerator of a fraction is increased by 200% and the denodminat

If the numerator of a fraction is increased by 200% and the denodminator is increased by 300%, the resultant fraction is 9/17. What was the original fraction ?

10/17

11/17

12/17

13/17

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This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2019

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Let the original fraction be represented as n/d, where n is the numerator and d is the denominator.
The numerator is increased by 200%. This means the new numerator is the original numerator plus 200% of the original numerator.
New numerator = n + 200% of n = n + (200/100) * n = n + 2n = 3n.
The denominator is increased by 300%. This means the new denominator is the original denominator plus 300% of the original denominator.
New denominator = d + 300% of d = d + (300/100) * d = d + 3d = 4d.
The resultant fraction is the new numerator divided by the new denominator: (3n) / (4d).
We are given that the resultant fraction is 9/17.
So, (3n) / (4d) = 9/17.
We need to find the original fraction n/d. We can rearrange the equation to solve for n/d:
(3/4) * (n/d) = 9/17
Multiply both sides by the reciprocal of (3/4), which is (4/3):
n/d = (9/17) * (4/3)
n/d = (9 * 4) / (17 * 3)
n/d = 36 / 51
This fraction can be simplified by dividing both the numerator and the denominator by their greatest common divisor, which is 3.
36 / 3 = 12
51 / 3 = 17
So, the original fraction was 12/17.

When a quantity is increased by X%, the new quantity is the original quantity plus X% of the original quantity, which is equivalent to Original Quantity * (1 + X/100). In this case, a 200% increase means the new value is (1 + 200/100) = 3 times the original. A 300% increase means the new value is (1 + 300/100) = 4 times the original.

Algebraic representation of word problems is key. Setting up the equation correctly based on the given percentages and the resulting fraction allows one to solve for the unknown original fraction. Simplifying the final fraction to its lowest terms is standard practice.

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42. One-sixth of a number is 53. What will be 57% of that number ?

One-sixth of a number is 53. What will be 57% of that number ?

136.74

149.46

181.26

197.16

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This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2019

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Let the number be N.
According to the problem, one-sixth of the number is 53.
(1/6) * N = 53
To find the number N, multiply both sides by 6:
N = 53 * 6
N = 318
Now, we need to find 57% of this number.
57% of N = 57/100 * N
57% of 318 = 0.57 * 318
Calculation:
0.57 * 318 = (0.5 + 0.07) * 318
= (0.5 * 318) + (0.07 * 318)
= 159 + (0.07 * 300) + (0.07 * 18)
= 159 + 21 + 1.26
= 180 + 1.26
= 181.26
Alternatively:
318 * 57 = 318 * (60 – 3) = 318 * 60 – 318 * 3
318 * 6 = 1908, so 318 * 60 = 19080
318 * 3 = 954
19080 – 954 = 18126
Since it’s 0.57, we need to place the decimal two places from the right.
Result = 181.26

The problem involves two steps: first, finding the original number given a fraction of it, and second, calculating a percentage of that number.

Percentage calculations are common in quantitative aptitude. Remember that x% of a number is (x/100) multiplied by the number. Fractions and percentages are interconvertible forms of representing parts of a whole.

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43. In this item, four words have been given, out of which three are alike

In this item, four words have been given, out of which three are alike in some manner and the fourth one is different. Choose the odd one out.

Friendship

Intimacy

Attachment

Enmity

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UPSC CAPF – 2019

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The given words are Friendship, Intimacy, Attachment, and Enmity.
Friendship: A relationship between friends.
Intimacy: Close familiarity or friendship.
Attachment: A feeling of fondness or loyalty for a person or place.
Enmity: The state or feeling of being actively opposed or hostile to someone or something.
Friendship, Intimacy, and Attachment all describe positive emotional connections or bonds between people. Enmity, however, describes a state of hostility or strong dislike, which is the opposite of the feelings represented by the other three words. Therefore, Enmity is the odd one out.

Odd one out questions require identifying a common characteristic or relationship shared by three items and finding the one item that does not share that characteristic or is opposite in nature. Understanding the meaning of the words is essential.

These questions test vocabulary and the ability to identify semantic relationships between words. Categories can be based on type, function, properties, antonyms/synonyms, etc.

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44. If in a certain language GAMBLE is coded as FBLCKF, how is FLOWER code

If in a certain language GAMBLE is coded as FBLCKF, how is FLOWER coded in that language ?

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GMPVDS

GKPVFQ

EMNXDS

EMNTDS

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UPSC CAPF – 2019

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The given coding is GAMBLE -> FBLCKF. Let’s analyze the letter transformations:
G (7) -> F (6): -1
A (1) -> B (2): +1
M (13) -> L (12): -1
B (2) -> C (3): +1
L (12) -> K (11): -1
E (5) -> F (6): +1
The pattern is an alternating subtraction and addition of 1 to the alphabetical position of each letter: -1, +1, -1, +1, -1, +1.
Now apply this pattern to the word FLOWER:
F (6) -> F-1 = E (5)
L (12) -> L+1 = M (13)
O (15) -> O-1 = N (14)
W (23) -> W+1 = X (24)
E (5) -> E-1 = D (4)
R (18) -> R+1 = S (19)
The coded word for FLOWER is EMNXDS.

Coding-Decoding problems often involve identifying patterns based on the position of letters in the alphabet, skipping letters, or reversing the sequence. Analyzing the transformation for each letter from the original word to the coded word is the first step.

Understanding the alphabetical order and assigning numerical values (A=1, B=2, …) can facilitate identifying patterns based on addition or subtraction. Sometimes the pattern can be more complex, involving skipping letters, using reverse alphabetical order, or rearranging letters.

45. If M is brother of N, B is brother of N and M is brother of D, then wh

If M is brother of N, B is brother of N and M is brother of D, then which one of the following statements is definitely true ?

N is brother of B

N is brother of M

N is brother of D

M is brother of B

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This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2019

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The relationships given are: M is brother of N, B is brother of N, and M is brother of D.
From “M is brother of N” and “B is brother of N”, we know that M and B are siblings of N.
From “M is brother of D”, we know that M is a sibling of D.
Since M is a sibling of N and also a sibling of D, N and D must also be siblings of M. Thus, M, N, B, and D are all siblings.
M and B are explicitly stated as brothers, meaning they are male. The genders of N and D are not explicitly stated.
Let’s examine the options:
A) N is brother of B: Not necessarily true, N could be female (sister).
B) N is brother of M: Not necessarily true, N could be female (sister).
C) N is brother of D: Not necessarily true, N could be female (sister).
D) M is brother of B: Since M and B are both siblings of N (M is brother of N, B is brother of N), they must be siblings of each other. M is stated as male (“brother”), so M is indeed the brother of B. This statement is definitely true.

In blood relation problems, accurately mapping the relationships and genders (where specified) is crucial. Identifying common relatives helps establish connections between individuals not directly linked in the initial statements. The term “sibling” implies being a brother or sister. “Brother” implies male gender.

Using diagrams or symbols (e.g., square for male, circle for female, vertical line for parent-child, horizontal line for siblings) can help visualize the relationships and avoid confusion, especially in more complex problems. When a person’s gender is not specified (e.g., just “sibling”), their gender cannot be assumed.

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46. There are five friends – Sachin, Kunal, Mohit, Amit and Sohan. Sachin

There are five friends – Sachin, Kunal, Mohit, Amit and Sohan. Sachin is shorter than Kunal but taller than Sohan. Mohit is the tallest. Amit is little shorter than Kunal and little taller than Sachin. If they stand in the order of increasing heights, who will be the third ?

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Amit

Sohan

Sachin

Kunal

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This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2019

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Let’s represent the heights:
1. Mohit is the tallest (M > others).
2. Sachin is shorter than Kunal but taller than Sohan (K > Sachin > Sohan).
3. Amit is little shorter than Kunal and little taller than Sachin (K > Amit > Sachin).
Combining these, we have:
– M is the tallest.
– We know K > Amit and Amit > Sachin. We also know K > Sachin and Sachin > Sohan.
Putting it all together in increasing order (shortest to tallest): Sohan < Sachin < Amit < Kunal < Mohit. If they stand in the order of increasing heights, the sequence is Sohan, Sachin, Amit, Kunal, Mohit. The third person is Amit.

This is a logic puzzle requiring careful analysis of relative comparisons to establish a complete order.

The phrasing “little shorter” and “little taller” are qualitative descriptions but confirm the relative positions established by the inequalities (K > Amit and Amit > Sachin). The core task is to sequence the five individuals based on the given pairwise comparisons.

47. Which one of the following is the main objective of Vienna Convention

Which one of the following is the main objective of Vienna Convention and Montreal Protocol ?

Combat desertification

Formulate sustainable developmental goals

Protection of ozone layer

Combat climate change

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UPSC CAPF – 2019

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The Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer (1985) and its subsequent Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer (1987) were specifically established to address the depletion of the Earth’s ozone layer. Their main objective is to phase out the production and consumption of ozone-depleting substances (ODS) such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and halons.

Identifying the key international environmental agreements and their primary focus is important. The Vienna Convention and Montreal Protocol are landmark agreements solely focused on protecting the stratospheric ozone layer.

While ozone depletion and climate change are linked (some ODS are also potent greenhouse gases), the direct objective of the Montreal Protocol was ozone protection. Combating desertification is the focus of the UN Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD). Sustainable Developmental Goals (SDGs) are a broader framework for global development. Combating climate change is the focus of the UNFCCC (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change) and agreements like the Kyoto Protocol and Paris Agreement.

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48. Which one of the following is the correct sequence of the positions in

Which one of the following is the correct sequence of the positions in the Bay of Bengal from North to South ?

Gulf of Mannar – Palk Strait – Palk Bay

Palk Strait – Gulf of Mannar – Palk Bay

Palk Strait – Palk Bay – Gulf of Mannar

Palk Bay – Palk Strait – Gulf of Mannar

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This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2019

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Looking at a map of the southern tip of India and Sri Lanka, Palk Bay is located to the north, between the northeastern part of Sri Lanka and the southeastern coast of India. Palk Strait connects Palk Bay to the Gulf of Mannar. The Gulf of Mannar is located to the south of Palk Strait, between the southeastern tip of India and the western coast of Sri Lanka. Thus, the order from North to South is Palk Bay, followed by Palk Strait, and then the Gulf of Mannar.

This question requires precise geographical knowledge of the water bodies located between India and Sri Lanka. Understanding their relative positions is key.

Palk Strait is relatively shallow. Adam’s Bridge (Rama Setu), a chain of limestone shoals, separates Palk Bay from the Gulf of Mannar. The Gulf of Mannar is recognized as a Marine Biosphere Reserve.

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49. Sonoran is a

Sonoran is a

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desert area of North America

seasonal wind of France

cash crop of Mediterranean region

tribe in South Africa

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UPSC CAPF – 2019

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The Sonoran Desert is a major North American desert that covers large parts of northwestern Mexico, southern Arizona, and southeastern California. It is known for its unique flora and fauna, including the Saguaro cactus.

Recognizing prominent geographical features like major deserts in different parts of the world is a test of general geography knowledge.

Other major deserts in North America include the Mojave Desert, the Chihuahuan Desert, and the Great Basin Desert. The Sonoran Desert is often considered one of the hottest and largest deserts in North America.

50. Which one of the following is the correct order of Himalayan ranges fr

Which one of the following is the correct order of Himalayan ranges from North to South ?

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Karakoram, Ladakh, Zaskar, Pir Panjal, Siwalik

Ladakh, Zaskar, Pir Panjal, Karakoram, Siwalik

Pir Panjal, Zaskar, Karakoram, Ladakh, Siwalik

Siwalik, Zaskar, Pir Panjal, Ladakh, Karakoram

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This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2019

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The major Himalayan ranges, when ordered from North to South, are the Trans-Himalayan ranges (which include Karakoram, Ladakh, and Zaskar), followed by the Great Himalayas (Himadri), the Lesser Himalayas (Pir Panjal, Dhauladhar, etc.), and finally the Outer Himalayas (Siwaliks). Therefore, the correct order from North to South among the given options is Karakoram, Ladakh, Zaskar, Pir Panjal, Siwalik.

Understanding the spatial arrangement and nomenclature of the major mountain ranges forming the Himalayas and Trans-Himalayan region is crucial. These ranges run roughly parallel to each other from west to east but are distinct in their North-South positioning.

The Trans-Himalayan ranges are geologically distinct from the Himalayas proper and lie to the north of the Great Himalayas. The Pir Panjal range is the largest range of the Lesser Himalayas. The Siwaliks are the youngest and southernmost range, forming the foothills of the Himalayas.