<–2/”>a >India was the first nation to launched a family planning programme in 1952. Though the birth rate started decreasing, it was accompanied by a sharp decrease in death rate, leading to an overall increase in Population.The early concept of population policy covered both mortality and fertility and did not exclusively focus on fertility. There was also a recognition of the need to improve the Quality Of Life of the people by lowering the burden of disease or morbidity, promoting universal primary Education and eradicating illiteracy, exploitation and POVERTY.
The current high population Growth rate is due to:
(1) the large size in the reproductive age-group (estimated contribution 60%);
(2) higher fertility due to unmet need for contraception (estimated contribution 20%); and
(3) high wanted fertility due to prevailing high IMR (estimated contribution about 20%).
In 1976, the first National Population Policy was formulated and tabled in Parliament.
The intent of National Population Policy-NPP-2000 is to eliminate unmet contraceptive needs by providing high quality reproductive healthcare. In particular, the NPP-2000 aims to address flaws in healthcare Infrastructure-2/”>INFRASTRUCTURE and to achieve a total fertility rate of 2.1 births per woman by 2010. Main objectives of NPP-2000 are:-
- Converge service delivery at village level
- Empowering Women for improved Health-and-Nutrition/”>Health and Nutrition needs for family welfare Services
- Child health and survival
- Meeting the unmet needs of the under-served population groups
- Use of diverse health care providers
- Collaboration with and commitments from the non-government sector
- Mainstreaming Indian systems of medicine and homeopathy
- Contraceptive technology and research on reproductive and child health (RCH)
- Providing for the older population x. Information education and Communication
Population Growth Rate in India has reduced substantially which is evident from the following:-
- The Percentage decadal growth rate of the country has declined significantly from 21.5% for the period 1991-2001 to 17.7% during 2001-2011.
- Total Fertility Rate (TFR) was 3.2 at the time when National Population Policy, 2000 was adopted and the same has declined to 2.3 as per Sample registration Survey (SRS) 2013 conducted by the Registrar General of India.
Main Plans of Family Welfare Programs are:-
- To reduce infant and under five mortality and morbidity so that there is a reduction in desired level of fertility.
- In all states reduction in peri- natal and neonatal mortality will be achieved through universal screening for risk factors during pregnancies, labour and neonatal period, identification and referral of ‘at risk’ mother and neonates to facilities where appropriate care could be provided.
- Simultaneously efforts will be made to reduce IMR due to infections and under nutrition by appropriate interventions
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Population explosion is a term used to describe the rapid increase in the human population. It is caused by a number of factors, including declining death rates, increasing life expectancy, and high fertility rates. The effects of population explosion can be devastating, including Environmental Degradation, poverty, and social unrest.
Family planning is a set of methods or practices used to prevent pregnancy. It can be used to space births, limit the number of children, or prevent pregnancy altogether. Family planning is an important tool for women’s Empowerment and Equality/”>Gender Equality. It can also help to reduce poverty and improve the health of mothers and children.
Family welfare programs are government-sponsored initiatives that provide family planning services and education. These programs can help to reduce the number of unplanned pregnancies and improve the health of mothers and children. Family welfare programs are an important part of the effort to address the challenges of population explosion.
There are a number of different methods of family planning available, including condoms, birth control pills, and intrauterine devices (IUDs). Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages, and the best method for an individual woman will depend on her personal circumstances.
Family planning has a number of benefits, including:
- Reducing the risk of maternal and child mortality
- Improving the health of mothers and children
- Empowering women
- Reducing poverty
- Protecting the Environment
There are a number of challenges to family planning, including:
- Lack of access to family planning services
- Lack of education about family planning
- Social stigma associated with family planning
- Religious and cultural beliefs that discourage family planning
Despite these challenges, there have been a number of success stories in family planning. For example, in India, the use of family planning methods has increased from 12% in 1952 to 56% in 2015. This has helped to reduce the population growth rate and improve the health of mothers and children.
The future of family planning is promising. With continued efforts to increase access to family planning services and education, we can make a real difference in the lives of women and children around the world.
One of the most important things that we can do to address the challenges of population explosion is to empower women. When women have access to education and economic opportunities, they are more likely to choose to have smaller families. We also need to continue to invest in family planning programs and services. These programs can help to reduce the number of unplanned pregnancies and improve the health of mothers and children. Finally, we need to change the way that we talk about family planning. We need to dispel the myths and misconceptions about family planning and promote it as a positive choice that can improve the lives of women and children.
What is population explosion?
Population explosion is a rapid increase in the number of people in a population. It can be caused by a number of factors, including high birth rates, low death rates, and immigration.
What are the effects of population explosion?
Population explosion can have a number of negative effects on a country, including:
- Increased poverty: As the population grows, so does the demand for Resources, such as food, water, and housing. This can lead to increased poverty and inequality.
- Environmental degradation: As the population grows, so does the demand for resources. This can lead to environmental degradation, such as deforestation, pollution, and Climate change.
- Social unrest: Population growth can also lead to social unrest, as people compete for scarce resources. This can lead to crime, violence, and political instability.
What is family planning?
Family planning is the practice of controlling the number and spacing of children. It can be done through a variety of methods, including contraception, sterilization, and abortion.
What are the benefits of family planning?
Family planning has a number of benefits, including:
- Improved health: Family planning can help to reduce the number of unwanted pregnancies, which can lead to improved health for both mothers and children.
- Increased economic opportunities: Family planning can help women to participate more fully in the workforce, which can lead to increased economic opportunities for both women and families.
- Reduced poverty: Family planning can help to reduce poverty by reducing the number of people who are dependent on government assistance.
- Improved social and environmental conditions: Family planning can help to improve social and environmental conditions by reducing the strain on resources, such as food, water, and housing.
What are the different types of family planning methods?
There are a variety of different types of family planning methods, including:
- Contraception: Contraception is a method of preventing pregnancy. There are a variety of different types of contraception available, including condoms, birth control pills, and IUDs.
- Sterilization: Sterilization is a permanent method of preventing pregnancy. It can be done through a variety of different procedures, including tubal ligation and vasectomy.
- Abortion: Abortion is the termination of a pregnancy. It is a controversial issue, and there are a variety of different laws and regulations governing abortion in different countries.
What are the risks and side effects of family planning methods?
All family planning methods have some risks and side effects. It is important to talk to your doctor about the risks and side effects of any family planning method you are considering.
Where can I get more information about family planning?
You can get more information about family planning from a variety of sources, including:
- Your doctor
- Your local health department
- A family planning clinic
- A reproductive health website
Here are some MCQs without mentioning the topic Population explosion and Family Welfare Programme:
Which of the following is not a factor that affects population growth?
(A) Birth rate
(B) Death rate
(C) Immigration
(D) EmigrationThe world’s population is expected to reach 9 billion by 2050. What are some of the challenges that this will pose?
(A) Increased demand for resources
(B) Increased pollution
(C) Increased conflict
(D) All of the aboveWhat are some of the ways to reduce population growth?
(A) Increase access to education and family planning services
(B) Promote gender equality
(C) Reduce poverty
(D) All of the aboveWhat is the difference between a population pyramid and a population graph?
(A) A population pyramid shows the distribution of a population by age and sex, while a population graph shows the total population over time.
(B) A population pyramid is a two-dimensional representation of a population, while a population graph is a three-dimensional representation of a population.
(C) A population pyramid is used to show the Age structure of a population, while a population graph is used to show the growth rate of a population.
(D) A population pyramid is used to show the sex ratio of a population, while a population graph is used to show the distribution of a population by age and sex.What is the demographic transition model?
(A) A model that describes the changes in a population’s birth rate and death rate as a country develops
(B) A model that describes the changes in a population’s age structure as a country develops
(C) A model that describes the changes in a population’s sex ratio as a country develops
(D) A model that describes the changes in a population’s distribution by geographic area as a country developsWhat is the Malthusian theory?
(A) A theory that states that population growth will always exceed the food supply, leading to famine and disease
(B) A theory that states that population growth will always be limited by the availability of resources
(C) A theory that states that population growth will always be limited by the carrying capacity of the environment
(D) A theory that states that population growth will always be limited by the availability of education and family planning servicesWhat is the demographic dividend?
(A) The economic benefits that a country can enjoy when its population is young and growing
(B) The economic benefits that a country can enjoy when its population is old and shrinking
(C) The economic benefits that a country can enjoy when its population is evenly distributed by age
(D) The economic benefits that a country can enjoy when its population is evenly distributed by sexWhat is the one-child policy?
(A) A policy that was implemented in China from 1979 to 2015 that limited families to having one child
(B) A policy that was implemented in India from 1976 to 1995 that limited families to having two children
(C) A policy that was implemented in Indonesia from 1970 to 1994 that limited families to having three children
(D) A policy that was implemented in Thailand from 1970 to 1997 that limited families to having four childrenWhat is the Sustainable Development Goal 3?
(A) Goal 3: Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages
(B) Goal 4: Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong Learning opportunities for all
(C) Goal 5: Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls
(D) Goal 6: Ensure access to water and sanitation for allWhat is the Millennium Development Goal 4?
(A) Goal 4: Reduce child mortality
(B) Goal 5: Improve maternal health
(C) Goal 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases
(D) Goal 7: Ensure environmental sustainability