UPSC CISF-AC-EXE

41. The era of planned development is said to have begun with which of the

The era of planned development is said to have begun with which of the following ?

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The People's Plan prepared by M.N. Roy in 1945
The Bombay Plan prepared by J.R.D. Tata and Others in 1944
The Gandhian Plan prepared by S.N. Agarwal in 1944
Five-Year Plan presented by Jawaharlal Nehru in 1951
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The era of planned development in India officially began with the launch of the First Five-Year Plan in 1951 under the leadership of Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru. The Planning Commission was established in 1950 to formulate these plans.
– The Five-Year Plans became the framework for India’s economic development strategy for over six decades.
– The concept of centralized planning was adopted to guide the allocation of resources and achieve specific socio-economic goals.
While proposals like the Bombay Plan, People’s Plan, and Gandhian Plan existed before 1951, they were not adopted as the official basis for national planning by the government.

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42. In which one of the following cases did the Supreme Court of India adj

In which one of the following cases did the Supreme Court of India adjudge that the proclamation of the President’s Rule under Article 356 of the Constitution of India is subject to judicial review ?

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A.K. Gopalan vs. State of Madras
S.R. Bommai and Others vs. Union of India
Madhav Rao vs. Union of India
S.P. Gupta vs. Union of India
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In the landmark case of S.R. Bommai and Others vs. Union of India (1994), the Supreme Court of India held that the proclamation of President’s Rule under Article 356 is subject to judicial review. The Court ruled that the power under Article 356 is not absolute and can be challenged in court if it is found to be arbitrary, mala fide, or based on irrelevant grounds.
– This judgement significantly restricted the arbitrary use of Article 356 by the central government.
– It established that the reasons for imposing President’s Rule must be justifiable and the President’s decision is not beyond judicial scrutiny.
The Court also stated that the President should exercise the power only after the proclamation has been approved by Parliament, except in cases of extreme urgency. It also restored dissolved state assemblies in some cases.

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43. Which one of the following metals is mixed with gold to provide streng

Which one of the following metals is mixed with gold to provide strength to the jewellery?

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Manganese
Mica
Aluminium
Copper
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Pure gold (24 carat) is very soft and malleable, making it unsuitable for crafting durable jewellery. It is typically alloyed with other metals to increase its hardness and strength. Copper is a common metal used for this purpose, along with silver, nickel, and zinc.
– Alloying increases the durability and wear resistance of gold jewellery.
– The caratage of gold indicates the proportion of pure gold in the alloy (e.g., 18K gold is 75% gold).
The choice of alloying metal also affects the colour of the gold. For example, copper gives a reddish tint (rose gold), while silver and palladium create white gold.

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44. Which one of the following are separated by Ten Degree channel ?

Which one of the following are separated by Ten Degree channel ?

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Car Nicobar and Little Nicobar
Little Andaman and Middle Andaman
Car Nicobar and Little Andaman
Little Andaman and Great Nicobar
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The Ten Degree Channel separates the Andaman Islands from the Nicobar Islands. Specifically, it separates Little Andaman Island (southernmost island of the Andaman group) from Car Nicobar Island (northernmost island of the Nicobar group).
– The channel is named after the 10-degree line of latitude, although it is slightly north of it.
– It is a significant maritime route in the Bay of Bengal.
Other important channels in the region include the Duncan Passage (separating Great Andaman and Little Andaman) and the Great Channel (separating Great Nicobar from Sumatra, Indonesia).

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45. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the code

Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the code given below the Lists :

List I
(Mountain range)		 List II
(Country)
A. Caucasus Mountains 1. Italy
B. Carpathian Mountains 2. Greece
C. Apennine Mountains 3. Georgia
D. Pindus Mountains 4. Ukraine

Code :

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A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2
A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2
A-2, B-1, C-4, D-4
A-2, B-4, C-1, D-1
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The correct matches are:
A. Caucasus Mountains – 3. Georgia (The Caucasus range spans multiple countries including Russia, Georgia, Azerbaijan)
B. Carpathian Mountains – 4. Ukraine (The Carpathians extend across Central and Eastern Europe, including Ukraine)
C. Apennine Mountains – 1. Italy (The Apennines form the backbone of the Italian peninsula)
D. Pindus Mountains – 2. Greece (The Pindus range is located in Greece and Albania)
– These are major mountain ranges in Europe.
– Understanding the geographical location of these ranges is key to answering this question.
The Caucasus range is often considered the boundary between Europe and Asia. The Carpathians form an arc and are the second-longest mountain range in Europe.

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46. Which one of the following has recorded the highest decadal (2001 – 11

Which one of the following has recorded the highest decadal (2001 – 11) growth rate of population as per Census 2011?

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Rajasthan
Arunachal Pradesh
Puducherry
Dadra and Nagar Haveli
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As per Census 2011 data, Dadra and Nagar Haveli recorded the highest decadal population growth rate (2001-2011) among the given options, with a growth rate of 55.9%.
– Decadal growth rate is the percentage change in population over a ten-year period.
– Union Territories and states with significant migration due to economic opportunities often show higher growth rates.
Among the given options, Rajasthan’s growth rate was 21.3%, Arunachal Pradesh was 26.0%, and Puducherry was 28.1%. Nagaland had the lowest decadal growth rate among all states and UTs (-0.6%), while Meghalaya had the highest among states (27.9%).

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47. In which one of the following countries is Chabahar Port located?

In which one of the following countries is Chabahar Port located?

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Afghanistan
Turkey
UAE
Iran
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Chabahar Port is located in Iran. It is a deepwater port in southeastern Iran, on the Gulf of Oman.
– The port is strategically important for countries like India to access Afghanistan and Central Asian countries, bypassing Pakistan.
– India is significantly involved in the development and operation of the port.
Chabahar is Iran’s only oceanic port and consists of two main ports: Shahid Kalantari and Shahid Beheshti. India is primarily developing the Shahid Beheshti terminal.

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48. Which one of the following memories is used to store data permanently

Which one of the following memories is used to store data permanently ?

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Primary Memory
Secondary Memory
Cache Memory
Random Access Memory
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Secondary memory is used to store data permanently. Unlike primary memory (like RAM), which is volatile and loses data when the power is off, secondary memory is non-volatile and retains data for long periods.
– Primary memory (RAM, Cache) is primarily for active processing and temporary storage.
– Secondary memory provides persistent storage for operating systems, applications, and user data.
Examples of secondary memory include Hard Disk Drives (HDD), Solid State Drives (SSD), optical drives (CDs, DVDs), and flash memory devices (USB drives, SD cards).

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49. Which one of the following is not a system software ?

Which one of the following is not a system software ?

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UNIX
LINUX
WINDOWS 10
AUTOCAD
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Software can be broadly classified into system software and application software.
– System software includes operating systems, device drivers, compilers, assemblers, etc., which manage and control the computer hardware and provide a platform for running application software. UNIX, LINUX, and WINDOWS 10 are all operating systems, which are core examples of system software.
– Application software consists of programs designed for end-users to perform specific tasks, such as word processing, browsing the web, playing games, or creating designs. AUTOCAD is a Computer-Aided Design (CAD) application used for drafting and design, making it a type of application software.
– System software manages computer resources and provides a platform for applications.
– Application software performs specific tasks for the end-user.
– UNIX, LINUX, and WINDOWS 10 are operating systems (system software).
– AUTOCAD is a user-oriented design program (application software).
The distinction isn’t always rigid, as some software has characteristics of both (e.g., utilities included with an OS), but the primary function usually places it in one category.

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50. Which one of the following is not a public-key cryptographic algorit

Which one of the following is not a public-key cryptographic algorithm ?

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RSA
Diffie-Hellman
DES
DSS
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Public-key cryptography uses a pair of mathematically related keys: a public key for encryption (or verification) and a private key for decryption (or signing).
– RSA (Rivest–Shamir–Adleman) is a widely used public-key encryption and digital signature algorithm.
– Diffie-Hellman is a key exchange algorithm that allows two parties to establish a shared secret key over an insecure channel, foundational to many public-key systems.
– DES (Data Encryption Standard) is a symmetric-key block cipher. It uses the *same* secret key for both encryption and decryption. It is not a public-key algorithm.
– DSS (Digital Signature Standard) uses a public-key algorithm (DSA) to generate and verify digital signatures.
Therefore, DES is the one that is not a public-key cryptographic algorithm.
– Public-key cryptography uses separate keys for encryption/decryption or signing/verification.
– Symmetric-key cryptography uses the same key for encryption and decryption.
– DES is a symmetric-key algorithm.
Symmetric-key algorithms are generally much faster than public-key algorithms for bulk data encryption, while public-key algorithms are essential for secure key exchange, digital signatures, and non-repudiation.

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