UPSC CISF-AC-EXE

31. At the beginning of the Swadeshi Movement in 1905, who was the Secreta

At the beginning of the Swadeshi Movement in 1905, who was the Secretary of the Bangiya Sahitya Parishad ?

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Rabindranath Tagore
Ramendrasundar Trivedi
Satish Chandra Mukherjee
Raja Subodh Mullick
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The correct answer is B) Ramendrasundar Trivedi. Ramendrasundar Trivedi (1864-1919) was a distinguished Bengali writer, scientist, and philosopher. He was actively involved with the Bangiya Sahitya Parishad and served as its secretary for several terms, including during the period of the Swadeshi Movement (1905-1908). He played a significant role in drafting the boycott resolution during the Partition of Bengal movement and promoting Swadeshi ideals through the Parishad’s platform.
– The Bangiya Sahitya Parishad is a premier Bengali literary institution.
– The Swadeshi Movement began in 1905 as a reaction to the Partition of Bengal.
– Ramendrasundar Trivedi was a key intellectual figure during the Swadeshi era.
While Rabindranath Tagore was a prominent member and supporter of the Parishad, Ramendrasundar Trivedi held the position of Secretary during crucial periods, including around 1905, and was deeply involved in its activities and the broader nationalist movement of the time.

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32. ‘Provincial Autonomy’ was the most redeeming feature of which one of t

‘Provincial Autonomy’ was the most redeeming feature of which one of the following Acts?

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The Government of India Act, 1919
The Government of India Act, 1935
The Rowlatt Act, 1919
The Indian Councils Act, 1892
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The correct answer is B) The Government of India Act, 1935. This Act is most known for introducing ‘Provincial Autonomy’. Under this system, provinces were granted autonomous status within their defined sphere, with elected provincial governments having authority over provincial subjects, largely free from the direct control of the central government. Diarchy, which was introduced in provinces by the 1919 Act, was abolished at the provincial level under the 1935 Act.
– The Government of India Act, 1935, divided subjects into three lists: Federal, Provincial, and Concurrent.
– Provincial autonomy meant that provincial governments were responsible to the provincial legislatures.
– The Act provided for the formation of ministries by popular representatives in the provinces.
While the Government of India Act, 1919, introduced a form of responsible government (Diarchy) in provinces, true provincial autonomy was granted by the 1935 Act. The Act also proposed the establishment of an All India Federation and Diarchy at the Centre, although these central provisions were not fully implemented.

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33. The first Indian Factories Act was passed in :

The first Indian Factories Act was passed in :

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1858
1861
1881
1905
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The correct answer is C) 1881. The first Indian Factories Act was passed in 1881 during the tenure of Lord Ripon. This Act was a limited measure primarily aimed at regulating the working conditions of child labourers (below 12 years old) in factories employing 100 or more workers.
– The Act was influenced by British textile manufacturers’ pressure to prevent Indian mills from having a cost advantage due to lower labour standards, as well as humanitarian concerns.
– It prohibited the employment of children below 7 years, limited working hours for children between 7 and 12, and mandated a few holidays.
The Act of 1881 was criticized for its limited scope and loopholes. Subsequent Acts (like in 1891, 1911, etc.) were passed to address more aspects of factory work, including the working hours of women and adult men, and safety conditions.

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34. Who did not accompany Gandhiji during his visit to the NWFP in October

Who did not accompany Gandhiji during his visit to the NWFP in October, 1938 ?

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Sushila Nayar
Amtus Salam
Jawaharlal Nehru
Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan
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The correct answer is C) Jawaharlal Nehru. During his visit to the North-West Frontier Province (NWFP) in October 1938, Gandhiji was primarily hosted by Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan, the leader of the Khudai Khidmatgar movement in that region, who certainly accompanied him during his tours there. Sushila Nayar was Gandhiji’s personal physician and often travelled with him, as was Amtus Salam, a close associate. While Jawaharlal Nehru was a national leader and close to Gandhi, historical accounts of this specific visit primarily mention Gandhi, K.A.G. Khan, and members of Gandhi’s immediate entourage like secretaries and physicians, but not Nehru as part of the accompanying group from outside NWFP.
– Gandhiji’s visit to NWFP in 1938 was significant as it was a stronghold of Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan’s non-violent movement.
– He toured the province to assess the political situation and the work of the Khudai Khidmatgars.
– Sushila Nayar served as Gandhi’s physician and close companion during many of his travels.
– Amtus Salam was a dedicated follower who lived in Gandhi’s ashrams and often accompanied him.
Leaders like Nehru frequently met Gandhi and visited different parts of the country for political work, but they were not always part of Gandhi’s personal touring party on every occasion. The question specifically asks who *did not accompany* him, implying who was not part of his travelling group for this visit.

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35. Gandhiji’s first major public appearance in India happened in which on

Gandhiji’s first major public appearance in India happened in which one of the following cities ?

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Bombay, 1908
Banaras, 1916
Surat, 1915
Delhi, 1915
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The correct answer is B) Banaras, 1916. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi returned to India in January 1915. On the advice of his political guru, Gopal Krishna Gokhale, he spent the initial year traveling across the country to understand the Indian situation. His first major public appearance and speech after his return took place at the inauguration ceremony of the Banaras Hindu University (BHU) in February 1916.
– Gandhiji returned to India on January 9, 1915, which is now celebrated as Pravasi Bharatiya Divas.
– His speech at BHU was notable for its frank criticism of the elite present, the prevalent poverty, and the lack of concern shown towards the masses.
While Gandhiji attended other events or met people earlier, the BHU inauguration is widely recognized as his first significant public platform in India where he addressed a large gathering on national issues, signaling his entry into the Indian political scene.

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36. Which one of the following Acts added a Law member to the Governor Gen

Which one of the following Acts added a Law member to the Governor General’s Council in India ?

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The Regulating Act of 1773
The Pitts India Act of 1784
The Charter Act of 1833
The Charter Act of 1813
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The correct answer is C) The Charter Act of 1833. This Act was a significant step in the constitutional history of British India. It centralized the administration and, importantly, added a fourth member to the Governor-General’s Council, who was to be a Law Member. Lord Macaulay was the first Law Member appointed under this Act. This member was initially only allowed to participate in legislative matters.
– The Charter Act of 1833 ended the commercial activities of the East India Company and made it a purely administrative body.
– It appointed a Law Commission to codify Indian laws.
– It led to the appointment of Lord Macaulay as the first Law Member.
Prior to 1833, the Governor-General’s Council consisted of three members. The addition of a Law Member was aimed at improving the quality of legislation in India. The Law Member became a full member of the Council with the right to vote on all matters in 1853.

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37. The Chipko Movement is related to which one of the following issues ?

The Chipko Movement is related to which one of the following issues ?

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Land rights of tribals
Commercial logging
Atrocities against Dalits
Rights of farmers
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The correct answer is B) Commercial logging. The Chipko Movement, which originated in the Garhwal Himalayas in the early 1970s, was a non-violent social and ecological movement primarily aimed at protecting trees and forests from destruction by commercial loggers. Villagers, particularly women, literally hugged trees (chipko means “to stick” or “to hug”) to prevent contractors from felling them.
– The movement started in the Chamoli district of Uttarakhand (then part of Uttar Pradesh).
– Key figures associated with the movement include Sunderlal Bahuguna, Gaura Devi, and Chandi Prasad Bhatt.
– The movement was motivated by concerns over ecological damage and the impact of deforestation on the livelihoods of local communities.
While the movement had underlying connections to the rights and livelihoods of local communities (including tribals in some areas), its direct and iconic form of protest and stated objective was against the widespread commercial felling of trees permitted by the government, which was seen as detrimental to the local environment and economy.

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38. The Vohra Committee Report (1993) was related to which one of the foll

The Vohra Committee Report (1993) was related to which one of the following areas ?

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Police Reforms
Electoral Reforms
Judicial Reforms
Market Reforms
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The correct answer is B) Electoral Reforms. The Vohra Committee Report (1993) was constituted to study the problem of the criminalization of politics and the nexus among criminals, politicians, and bureaucrats in India. The findings highlighted the deep influence of organized crime on the political system, which has significant implications for the fairness and integrity of elections, thereby directly relating to the area of electoral reforms.
– The committee was headed by Home Secretary N.N. Vohra.
– It was formed in response to concerns about the increasing influence of crime syndicates in the country.
– The report detailed how mafia networks operated with the connivance of politicians and bureaucrats.
– The report’s findings fueled discussions and demands for measures to curb the criminalization of politics, which falls under the ambit of electoral and governance reforms.
While the report touched upon the failure of law enforcement and the justice system, its primary focus and the subsequent policy discussions it triggered were centered on the unholy nexus and its impact on the democratic process and governance, particularly the infiltration of criminals into the political arena and influencing elections. This underscores its relevance to electoral reforms and the broader issue of criminalization of politics.

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39. ‘Garam Hawa’, a movie that depicts the hardship and indecision of the

‘Garam Hawa’, a movie that depicts the hardship and indecision of the protagonist, is related to which one of the following events ?

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The Sepoy Mutiny
The Indigo Rebellion
The Partition of India
The Paika Rebellion
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‘Garam Hawa’ (released in 1973) is a critically acclaimed Indian film directed by M.S. Sathyu. It depicts the struggles and dilemmas faced by a Muslim family in Agra in the aftermath of the Partition of India in 1947, focusing on their decision to either migrate to Pakistan or stay in India.
– The film is considered one of the most poignant cinematic portrayals of the human cost of the Partition.
– It highlights the emotional and social upheaval caused by the division of the country.
‘Garam Hawa’ was the first feature film to directly address the trauma of the Partition from the perspective of Muslims in India. It was initially banned by the Censor Board but later released to critical acclaim.

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40. Which of the following is not among the functions of the Election Comm

Which of the following is not among the functions of the Election Commission of India ?

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To conduct elections to the Parliament and State Legislatures
To supervise, direct and control the preparations of the electoral rolls in a State
To conduct elections to the offices of the President and the Vice-President
To conduct elections to local bodies like municipalities etc.
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The Election Commission of India (ECI) is responsible for conducting elections to the Parliament, State Legislatures, President, and Vice-President. It also supervises, directs, and controls the preparation of electoral rolls. However, elections to local bodies like municipalities and panchayats are conducted by separate State Election Commissions, which are constitutional bodies under state laws.
– The ECI is established under Article 324 of the Constitution.
– State Election Commissions were created following the 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendment Acts to conduct elections to Panchayati Raj Institutions and Urban Local Bodies.
The State Election Commission is independent of the Election Commission of India. Its composition and appointment procedures vary across states.

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