UPSC CDS-2 Archives

1. Which one of the following is the most noticeable characteristic of th

Which one of the following is the most noticeable characteristic of the Mediterranean climate ?

[amp_mcq option1=”Limited geographical extent” option2=”Dry summer” option3=”Dry winter” option4=”Moderate temperature” correct=”option2″]

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The Mediterranean climate, found around the Mediterranean Sea, parts of California, central Chile, South Africa’s Cape region, and southwestern Australia, is primarily characterized by its distinctive rainfall pattern: dry, hot summers and mild, wet winters. The dry summer is a direct result of the seasonal shift of pressure belts, with the subtropical high-pressure belt moving over these regions during summer.

The most noticeable characteristic of the Mediterranean climate is the pronounced dry period during the summer months.

Other characteristics include moderate temperatures throughout the year compared to continental climates, frost being rare, and the presence of sclerophyll vegetation (hard-leaved, drought-resistant plants) adapted to the long summer drought. While limited geographical extent is true, the unique pattern of summer drought and winter rain is the defining climatic feature.

2. The total number of members in the Union Council of Ministers in India

The total number of members in the Union Council of Ministers in India shall not exceed

[amp_mcq option1=”10% of the total number of members of the Parliament” option2=”15% of the total number of members of the Parliament” option3=”10% of the total number of members of the Lok Sabha” option4=”15% of the total number of members of the Lok Sabha” correct=”option4″]

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The 91st Constitutional Amendment Act of 2003 amended Article 75(1A) of the Constitution to limit the size of the Council of Ministers at the Centre. It stipulates that the total number of ministers, including the Prime Minister, in the Union Council of Ministers shall not exceed fifteen per cent of the total number of members of the House of the People (Lok Sabha).

The maximum strength of the Union Council of Ministers is capped at 15% of the total strength of the Lok Sabha by the 91st Amendment Act, 2003.

This amendment was enacted to prevent oversized councils of ministers and to curb defection. A similar limitation was also placed on the size of state Councils of Ministers under Article 164(1A), limiting them to 15% of the total number of members of the Legislative Assembly of that state, provided that the number of ministers in a state shall not be less than twelve.

3. Which law prescribes that all proceedings in the Supreme Court shall b

Which law prescribes that all proceedings in the Supreme Court shall be in English language ?

[amp_mcq option1=”Article 145 of the Constitution of India” option2=”Article 348 of the Constitution of India” option3=”The Supreme Court Rules, 1966″ option4=”An Act passed by the Parliament” correct=”option2″]

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Article 348(1) of the Constitution of India mandates that, unless Parliament by law otherwise provides, all proceedings in the Supreme Court and in every High Court shall be in the English language.

This article establishes English as the primary language for proceedings in the higher judiciary.

While Parliament has the power to change this by law, and some exceptions or alternatives exist for High Courts (with Presidential consent), Article 348 currently prescribes English for the Supreme Court.

4. Which provision of the Constitution of India provides that the Preside

Which provision of the Constitution of India provides that the President shall not be answerable to any Court in India for the exercise of powers of his office ?

[amp_mcq option1=”Article 53″ option2=”Article 74″ option3=”Article 361″ option4=”Article 363″ correct=”option3″]

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Article 361 of the Constitution of India grants protection to the President and the Governors from being answerable to any court for the exercise and performance of the powers and duties of their office.

This article provides personal immunity to the President and Governors against criminal proceedings and civil proceedings (with conditions) for their official acts.

Article 53 deals with the executive power of the Union, Article 74 with the Council of Ministers aiding the President, and Article 363 with the bar to interference by courts in certain disputes arising out of pre-Constitution treaties and agreements.

5. How many Zonal Councils were set up vide Part-III of the States Re-org

How many Zonal Councils were set up vide Part-III of the States Re-organization Act, 1956 ?

[amp_mcq option1=”Eight” option2=”Seven” option3=”Six” option4=”Five” correct=”option4″]

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Part III of the States Re-organization Act, 1956, originally established five Zonal Councils.

These five councils were the Northern, Central, Eastern, Western, and Southern Zonal Councils.

A sixth Zonal Council, the North-Eastern Zonal Council, was established later by the North Eastern Council Act, 1971, and includes the states of Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim, and Tripura.

6. Article 371 A of the Constitution of India provides special privileges

Article 371 A of the Constitution of India provides special privileges to

[amp_mcq option1=”Nagaland” option2=”Mizoram” option3=”Sikkim” option4=”Manipur” correct=”option1″]

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Article 371A of the Constitution of India provides special provisions with respect to the State of Nagaland.

This article protects the religious or social practices of the Nagas, Naga customary law and procedure, administration of civil and criminal justice involving decisions according to Naga customary law, and ownership and transfer of land and its resources.

Other Articles in the 371 series provide special provisions for different states, such as Article 371C for Manipur, Article 371F for Sikkim, and Article 371G for Mizoram.

7. Arrange the following in the chronological order of their implementati

Arrange the following in the chronological order of their implementation :

The Indian Factory Act (First)
The Vernacular Press Act
The Morley-Minto Reforms
The Cornwallis Code

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

[amp_mcq option1=”4, 2, 1, 3″ option2=”2, 4, 1, 3″ option3=”3, 4, 1, 2″ option4=”2, 1, 3, 4″ correct=”option1″]

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Arranging the given acts/reforms chronologically based on their enactment year:

1. The Cornwallis Code was enacted in 1793.
2. The Vernacular Press Act was passed in 1878.
3. The First Indian Factory Act was enacted in 1881.
4. The Morley-Minto Reforms (Indian Councils Act) were enacted in 1909.

The chronological order is thus 4 (1793), 2 (1878), 1 (1881), 3 (1909).

8. In India, May 21 is observed as

In India, May 21 is observed as

[amp_mcq option1=”NRI Day” option2=”National Youth Day” option3=”National Technology Day” option4=”National Anti-Terrorism Day” correct=”option4″]

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May 21 is observed as National Anti-Terrorism Day in India.

This day marks the death anniversary of former Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi, who was assassinated on May 21, 1991, by terrorists.

The objective of observing this day is to wean away the youth from terrorism and violence, to highlight the suffering of common people due to terrorism, and to uphold the peace and unity of the nation.

9. Who among the following was elected as the President of Indonesia for

Who among the following was elected as the President of Indonesia for the second term ?

[amp_mcq option1=”Joko Widodo” option2=”Prabowo Subianto” option3=”Sandiaga Uno” option4=”Jusuf Kalla” correct=”option1″]

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Joko Widodo was re-elected as the President of Indonesia for his second term in the elections held in April 2019.

He defeated his challenger Prabowo Subianto in the presidential election.

Joko Widodo’s first term as President was from 2014 to 2019. His second term ran from 2019 to 2024.

10. Why was India’s G.S. Lakshmi in news recently ?

Why was India’s G.S. Lakshmi in news recently ?

[amp_mcq option1=”She was the first Indian to play cricket for an English County Club.” option2=”She became the first female ICC match referee.” option3=”She was awarded the Ramon Magsaysay Award for the year 2019.” option4=”She was the recipient of the Booker Prize in the year 2019.” correct=”option2″]

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G.S. Lakshmi became the first female match referee in the International Cricket Council’s (ICC) panel of match referees in May 2019.

Her appointment was a significant step towards promoting women officials in cricket at the international level.

Prior to this, she had overseen matches in domestic women’s cricket tournaments in India and had also served as a match referee in three Women’s One Day International matches and three Women’s Twenty20 International matches.