UPSC CDS-2 Archives

1. The elected President of the All India Kisan Sabha, which met in Vijay

The elected President of the All India Kisan Sabha, which met in Vijayawada (1944), was

[amp_mcq option1=”Sahajananda Saraswati” option2=”Vinoba Bhave” option3=”Achyut Rao Patwardhan” option4=”Narendra Dev” correct=”option1″]

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Swami Sahajanand Saraswati was the elected President of the All India Kisan Sabha session held in Vijayawada in 1944.

The All India Kisan Sabha (AIKS) was an important peasant movement organization in India. Swami Sahajanand Saraswati was a prominent leader and founder of the AIKS.

The session in Vijayawada in 1944 was the 8th session of the All India Kisan Sabha. Other prominent figures associated with the AIKS included N.G. Ranga, E.M.S. Namboodiripad, and Indulal Yagnik. Narendra Dev was also involved with peasant movements, often through the Congress Socialist Party, but Sahajanand Saraswati presided over the 1944 AIKS session.

2. Which political party formally accepted the Cabinet Mission Plan on 6t

Which political party formally accepted the Cabinet Mission Plan on 6th June, 1946, which had rejected the demand for a sovereign Pakistan?

[amp_mcq option1=”The Hindu Mahasabha” option2=”The Congress” option3=”The Muslim League” option4=”The Unionist Party” correct=”option3″]

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The Muslim League formally accepted the Cabinet Mission Plan on June 6, 1946.

The Cabinet Mission Plan, which proposed a complex federal structure and rejected the demand for a sovereign Pakistan, was accepted by the Muslim League on June 6, 1946, primarily because it included provisions for the grouping of provinces, which they hoped would lead to the formation of Pakistan.

The Congress Working Committee formally accepted the Cabinet Mission Plan later, on June 25, 1946, albeit with reservations regarding the interpretation of the grouping clauses. Despite initial acceptance by both parties, differences in interpretation and subsequent events led to the eventual breakdown of the plan and the partition of India. The question specifically asks about acceptance on June 6, 1946.

3. Subhas Chandra Bose started the ‘Azad Hind Radio’ in which of the foll

Subhas Chandra Bose started the ‘Azad Hind Radio’ in which of the following countries?

[amp_mcq option1=”Japan” option2=”Austria” option3=”Germany” option4=”Malaysia” correct=”option3″]

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Subhas Chandra Bose started the ‘Azad Hind Radio’ from Germany in 1942. It was a propaganda tool broadcasting in several languages, aiming to encourage Indians to rise against British rule and support the Axis powers during World War II.

Bose arrived in Germany in April 1941 and sought German support for India’s independence. He established the Indian Legion and initiated radio broadcasts to reach his countrymen.

Later, after moving to Southeast Asia in 1943, Bose continued radio broadcasts under the banner of the Provisional Government of Free India (Azad Hind) from locations like Singapore. However, the initial establishment and broadcasts of ‘Azad Hind Radio’ were from Germany.

4. Tea growing in India in the 19th century was made possible by

Tea growing in India in the 19th century was made possible by

[amp_mcq option1=”Joseph Banks” option2=”James Cook” option3=”Robert Fortune” option4=”Robert Owen” correct=”option3″]

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Robert Fortune was a Scottish botanist who played a crucial role in the introduction of tea cultivation to India in the 19th century. He was commissioned by the British East India Company in the 1840s to travel to China and secretly collect tea plants, seeds, and knowledge about tea processing, which were then introduced and cultivated in British India.

Before Fortune’s efforts, attempts to cultivate tea in India using plants from China were less successful. Fortune’s expeditions significantly contributed to establishing the Indian tea industry on a commercial scale, particularly in Assam and Darjeeling, using both smuggled Chinese tea plants and indigenous Assam tea varieties discovered earlier.

Joseph Banks advised on agricultural matters but was not directly involved in establishing the Indian tea industry in the 19th century. James Cook was an explorer. Robert Owen was a social reformer and a founder of utopian socialism.

5. The Economic historian, who has used the data collected by Buchanan-Ha

The Economic historian, who has used the data collected by Buchanan-Hamilton to support the thesis of deindustrialization in the 19th century India, is

[amp_mcq option1=”Tirthankar Roy” option2=”Amiya Kumar Bagchi” option3=”Sabyasachi Bhattacharya” option4=”Irfan Habib” correct=”option2″]

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Amiya Kumar Bagchi, a prominent Indian economic historian, extensively researched the economic history of India under colonial rule. He is known for using data collected by Francis Buchanan-Hamilton during his surveys in the early 19th century to support the thesis of deindustrialization in India during that period.

The deindustrialization debate centers on whether India experienced a decline in its traditional manufacturing sector, particularly textiles, due to British colonial policies and competition from machine-made goods from Britain. Buchanan-Hamilton’s detailed surveys provided valuable micro-level data on various crafts and industries in specific regions.

While other historians listed have also contributed significantly to Indian economic history, Amiya Bagchi’s work is particularly associated with using Buchanan-Hamilton’s data to argue for significant deindustrialization in certain sectors and regions of India in the 19th century. Tirthankar Roy offers a more nuanced view, arguing for regional and sectoral variations and some industrial growth alongside decline in traditional crafts. Irfan Habib is a renowned historian primarily known for his work on Mughal India’s agrarian economy.

6. The College of Fort William was established by which one of the follow

The College of Fort William was established by which one of the following Governor-Generals?

[amp_mcq option1=”Warren Hastings” option2=”Lord Cornwallis” option3=”Richard Wellesley” option4=”William Bentinck” correct=”option3″]

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The College of Fort William was established by Lord Richard Wellesley, the then Governor-General of Bengal, on 18 August 1800, in Calcutta.

The primary purpose of the college was to train civil servants (civilians) of the East India Company in the languages, customs, and history of India to improve their administration. However, its role was curtailed soon after its establishment due to opposition from the Court of Directors in London.

Warren Hastings was the first Governor-General of Bengal. Lord Cornwallis introduced significant reforms like the Permanent Settlement. William Bentinck is known for social reforms like the abolition of Sati. Richard Wellesley’s tenure (1798-1805) was marked by expansion of British power through the Subsidiary Alliance system and wars.

7. ‘Mission Satyanishtha’, a programme on ethics in public governance, wa

‘Mission Satyanishtha’, a programme on ethics in public governance, was launched recently by the

[amp_mcq option1=”Indian Railways” option2=”Central Bureau of Investigation” option3=”Supreme Court” option4=”Enforcement Directorate” correct=”option1″]

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‘Mission Satyanishtha’, a program focused on ethics and integrity in public governance, was launched by the Ministry of Railways (Indian Railways) in July 2018.

The program aims to train railway employees on ethics, integrity, and good governance, emphasizing honesty, transparency, and accountability in their work.

The launch event in July 2018 included workshops and sessions for railway officials, highlighting the importance of ethical conduct for improving public service delivery and combating corruption.

8. Which one of the following is the official mascot of Tokyo 2020 Olympi

Which one of the following is the official mascot of Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games?

[amp_mcq option1=”Soohorang” option2=”Vinicius de Moraes” option3=”The Hare, the Polar Bear and the Leopard” option4=”Miraitowa” correct=”option4″]

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The official mascot of the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games was Miraitowa. The mascot for the accompanying Paralympic Games was Someity.

Miraitowa is a futuristic character inspired by Japanese culture, representing tradition and innovation. Its name is derived from the Japanese words “mirai” (future) and “towa” (eternity).

Soohorang was the mascot for the PyeongChang 2018 Winter Olympics. Vinicius was the mascot for the Rio 2016 Olympic Games. The mascots for the Sochi 2014 Winter Olympics were The Hare, The Polar Bear, and The Leopard.

9. Which one of the following manufacturers is engaged in upgradation of

Which one of the following manufacturers is engaged in upgradation of the Swedish 155-mm Bofors Howitzer under the project ‘Dhanush’?

[amp_mcq option1=”Bharat Electronics Limited” option2=”Ordnance Factory Board” option3=”Bharat Dynamics Limited” option4=”Mishra Dhatu Nigam” correct=”option2″]

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The ‘Dhanush’ project involves the indigenization and upgradation of the 155mm x 45 calibre Bofors Howitzer into a 155mm x 45/52 calibre artillery gun. At the time the project was ongoing and the question likely pertains to the primary developer, the Ordnance Factory Board (OFB) was the entity responsible for the manufacture of the Dhanush gun.

Dhanush is a towed howitzer developed by the OFB, based on the transfer of technology agreement for the Bofors FH-77B howitzer. It is often referred to as the ‘desi Bofors’ and is considered one of the first long-range artillery guns indigenously produced in India.

Following the restructuring of the Ordnance Factory Board in 2021, the production of large-calibre weapons like the Dhanush now falls under the purview of one of the new Defence Public Sector Undertakings (DPSUs), specifically Advanced Weapons and Equipment India Limited (AWEIL), based in Kanpur. However, at the time referenced by the question, OFB was the correct answer.

10. What is India’s first Indigenous Aircraft Carrier (IAC) called?

What is India’s first Indigenous Aircraft Carrier (IAC) called?

[amp_mcq option1=”Vikrant” option2=”Virat” option3=”Vaibhav” option4=”Varaha” correct=”option1″]

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India’s first Indigenous Aircraft Carrier (IAC), referred to as IAC-I during its development, was commissioned into the Indian Navy as INS Vikrant.

INS Vikrant was designed by the Directorate of Naval Design of the Indian Navy and built by Cochin Shipyard Limited (CSL) in Kochi, Kerala. It is the largest warship ever built in India.

INS Virat was India’s second aircraft carrier (previously HMS Hermes of the Royal Navy) and served the Indian Navy from 1987 to 2017. INS Vikrant (the first carrier, purchased from the UK) served from 1961 to 1997. The new indigenous carrier was named ‘Vikrant’ as a tribute to India’s first aircraft carrier.