UPSC CAPF Archives

1. The British Committee of the Indian National Congress was founded in

The British Committee of the Indian National Congress was founded in

[amp_mcq option1=”1889″ option2=”1892″ option3=”1898″ option4=”1901″ correct=”option1″]

This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2020

The British Committee of the Indian National Congress was founded in 1889.

The British Committee of the INC was established in London to represent the Congress’s views and objectives to the British public and Parliament.

Key figures involved in its establishment included Dadabhai Naoroji, William Wedderburn, and George Yule. The Committee published a weekly journal called *India* starting from 1890 to disseminate information about the Indian situation and the Congress’s demands.

2. Which one of the following is NOT correct about Mahatma Gandhi’s Dandi

Which one of the following is NOT correct about Mahatma Gandhi’s Dandi Yatra or Salt March ?

[amp_mcq option1=”It was the first national activity in which women participated in large numbers” option2=”Gandhiji allowed the women’s participation at the request of Kamaladevi Chattopadhyay” option3=”The march was fully covered by the Western press” option4=”The march began after the failure of the First Round Table Confer-ence in London” correct=”option4″]

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The statement “The march began after the failure of the First Round Table Conference in London” is NOT correct. The Dandi March (Salt March) began on March 12, 1930, launching the Civil Disobedience Movement. The First Round Table Conference was held later, from November 1930 to January 1931. The Civil Disobedience Movement was initiated before the conference.

The Dandi March was a key event in 1930 that marked the beginning of the Civil Disobedience Movement, separate from the timing of the First Round Table Conference.

The Dandi March was indeed the first major national movement with widespread and visible participation of women. Gandhiji initially hesitated but included women at the persuasion of leaders like Kamaladevi Chattopadhyay. The march garnered significant international attention, with extensive coverage by the Western press.

4. Which one of the following statements about the Harappan script is NOT

Which one of the following statements about the Harappan script is NOT correct ?

[amp_mcq option1=”It has about four hundred signs” option2=”It was written from right to left” option3=”It has been found on bone rods and jewellery” option4=”It refers to the people of Meluhha” correct=”option4″]

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The statement “It refers to the people of Meluhha” about the Harappan script is NOT correct. Meluhha is the name used in Mesopotamian texts, written in Cuneiform script, believed to refer to the Indus Valley Civilization. The Harappan script itself is undeciphered, so we do not know what names or people it refers to internally. The other statements are generally considered correct based on current understanding of the Harappan script.

The Harappan script is undeciphered, meaning its language and content are unknown. Mesopotamian texts mention trade with a land called Meluhha, widely identified with the Indus Valley region.

Estimates for the number of signs in the Harappan script vary but are generally around 400-600, suggesting it was likely logographic-cum-syllabic. Evidence from overlapping signs suggests it was written from right to left, though boustrophedon (alternating direction) is also possible. While most inscriptions are found on seals, they also appear on pottery, copper tablets, tools, ivory rods, and potentially on other materials.

5. Consider the following statements about the Treaty of Amritsar (1809):

Consider the following statements about the Treaty of Amritsar (1809):

1. The Treaty fixed the Sutlej as the boundary between the Punjab and British India
2. It was after this treaty that Maharaja Ranjit Singh was able to annex Jammu, Multan and Kashmir to his domains

Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

[amp_mcq option1=”1 only” option2=”2 only” option3=”Both 1 and 2″ option4=”Neither 1 nor 2″ correct=”option3″]

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Statement 1 is correct because the Treaty of Amritsar (1809) fixed the River Sutlej as the boundary between Maharaja Ranjit Singh’s Sikh kingdom and British India. Statement 2 is correct because by securing his southern border with the British through this treaty, Ranjit Singh was free to expand his kingdom northwards and westwards, leading to the annexation of territories like Multan (1818), Kashmir (1819), and parts of Jammu (though full control was consolidated over time).

The Treaty of Amritsar (1809) was a significant agreement between Maharaja Ranjit Singh and the British East India Company that defined their respective spheres of influence along the Sutlej River. It allowed Ranjit Singh to consolidate and expand his power north of the river.

The treaty was necessitated by Ranjit Singh’s attempts to bring the Sikh chiefs south of the Sutlej under his control, which was viewed with apprehension by the British. Charles T. Metcalfe was sent to negotiate the treaty. The treaty prevented Ranjit Singh’s further expansion south of the Sutlej but gave him a free hand north of it, which he effectively utilized to build a vast Sikh empire.

6. Which one among the following countries does NOT have common boundary

Which one among the following countries does NOT have common boundary with South Africa ?

[amp_mcq option1=”Zambia” option2=”Zimbabwe” option3=”Botswana” option4=”Namibia” correct=”option1″]

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UPSC CAPF – 2020

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The correct answer is (A) Zambia.

South Africa shares land borders with the following countries:
1. Namibia (to the northwest)
2. Botswana (to the north)
3. Zimbabwe (to the northeast)
4. Mozambique (to the east)
5. Eswatini (formerly Swaziland) (to the east)
It also completely surrounds the landlocked country of Lesotho. Zambia is located to the north of Zimbabwe and Botswana, separated from South Africa by these countries.

Zambia shares borders with the Democratic Republic of Congo, Tanzania, Malawi, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Botswana, Namibia, and Angola. It does not share a direct border with South Africa. Zimbabwe, Botswana, and Namibia are direct neighbors of South Africa.

7. Which one among the following stations receives maximum rainfall ?

Which one among the following stations receives maximum rainfall ?

[amp_mcq option1=”Hyderabad” option2=”Bengaluru” option3=”Delhi” option4=”Raipur” correct=”option4″]

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UPSC CAPF – 2020

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The correct answer is (D) Raipur.

Comparing the typical average annual rainfall:
– Hyderabad (Telangana): Around 800-900 mm
– Bengaluru (Karnataka): Around 900-1000 mm
– Delhi (Delhi): Around 700-800 mm
– Raipur (Chhattisgarh): Around 1200-1300 mm
Raipur, located in the Chhattisgarh plains, receives significant rainfall primarily from the Bay of Bengal branch of the Southwest Monsoon, making its average rainfall considerably higher than Hyderabad, Bengaluru, and Delhi, which receive less intense monsoon rainfall or are in rain shadow areas (like Bengaluru relative to the Western Ghats).

Rainfall patterns in India are heavily influenced by the Southwest Monsoon. Cities on the eastern side of the Deccan Plateau and in the central plains (like Raipur) often receive more rainfall than those further west or in the northern plains (like Delhi) or southern parts of the plateau (like Hyderabad and Bengaluru, which can be affected by the Western Ghats’ rain shadow effect).

8. According to Koppen’s climatic classifications of India, Great Norther

According to Koppen’s climatic classifications of India, Great Northern Plains are represented by

[amp_mcq option1=”Cwg Climate” option2=”Aw Climate” option3=”Amw Climate” option4=”As Climate” correct=”option1″]

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The correct answer is (A) Cwg Climate.

According to Koppen’s climatic classification as applied to India, the Great Northern Plains are primarily represented by the Cwg climate type.
– C: Temperate (mild winter)
– w: Dry winter (rainfall mainly in summer)
– g: Gangetic Plain (specific indicator used by some climatologists for this region, indicating the hottest month is June or July and the temperature in December exceeds that in January)
This climate is characterized by a hot dry summer, a wet monsoon season, and a mild dry winter.

– Aw: Tropical Savanna climate (found in parts of the Deccan Plateau and other regions).
– Amw: Tropical Monsoon climate (found on the west coast south of Goa and parts of the North-East).
– As: Tropical Savanna with dry summer (found in a small area on the east coast south of the Kaveri delta).
The Northern Plains, with their distinct seasonal rainfall pattern dominated by the summer monsoon and dry winters, fit the Cwg classification better than the others listed.

9. Consider the following statements : 1. River Kaveri has well develop

Consider the following statements :

1. River Kaveri has well developed valley
2. Valley of River Alakananda is still growing
3. River Krishna is largest east flowing peninsular river

Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

[amp_mcq option1=”1 only” option2=”1 and 2″ option3=”2 and 3″ option4=”2 only” correct=”option4″]

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The correct answer is (D) 2 only.

Statement 1 is incorrect: Peninsular rivers generally flow over ancient, stable plateau surfaces. Rivers like the Kaveri have relatively mature, shallow valleys because the region has been tectonically stable for a long time, and the rivers have been flowing for millions of years, reaching a relatively graded profile. Well-developed, deep valleys are more characteristic of youthful rivers flowing through uplifted or geologically active areas.
Statement 2 is correct: The Alakananda is a Himalayan river. Himalayan rivers are much younger and flow through geologically active and uplifted mountainous terrain. They are actively eroding and downcutting, leading to the formation of deep, steep-sided valleys (like gorges and canyons) that are still in a phase of active growth and deepening.
Statement 3 is incorrect: The River Krishna is a large east-flowing peninsular river, but it is not the largest. The River Godavari is considered the largest peninsular river, followed by the Krishna.

The Godavari is often referred to as the ‘Dakshin Ganga’ due to its size and significance, being the largest river of peninsular India. The Alakananda is one of the two headstreams of the holy river Ganga; its youthful characteristics are typical of rivers originating from the relatively young and rising Himalayan mountains. Peninsular rivers like Kaveri, Krishna, and Godavari have more subdued relief and older, flatter drainage basins compared to the Himalayan rivers.

10. Which one of the following statements is NOT correct ?

Which one of the following statements is NOT correct ?

[amp_mcq option1=”Mahogany is a timber species of Tropical Rainforest” option2=”Chaparral vegetation is found in Taiga climate” option3=”Lichens are predominantly found in Tundra region” option4=”Sal is a representative species of Moist Deciduous Forest” correct=”option2″]

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UPSC CAPF – 2020

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The correct answer is (B) Chaparral vegetation is found in Taiga climate.

Statement A is correct: Mahogany is a valuable hardwood species typically found in tropical rainforests, especially in Central and South America, Africa, and Asia.
Statement B is incorrect: Chaparral vegetation is a shrubland biome found in regions with a Mediterranean climate, characterized by hot, dry summers and mild, wet winters. Examples include coastal California, the Mediterranean Basin, central Chile, the Cape Province of South Africa, and southwestern Australia. Taiga (also known as Boreal Forest) is found in subarctic regions with long, cold winters and short, mild summers.
Statement C is correct: Lichens are composite organisms that are pioneers in colonizing barren ground and are well-adapted to harsh, cold environments. They are abundant in Tundra regions, where they form a significant part of the ground cover.
Statement D is correct: Sal (Shorea robusta) is a dominant tree species of the Moist Deciduous Forests in India, found widely across the sub-Himalayan region, central India, and the Eastern Ghats.

The Taiga climate primarily supports coniferous forests (like pine, spruce, fir) and some deciduous trees like birch, not chaparral vegetation. Chaparral is adapted to fire-prone environments and drought-tolerant conditions typical of Mediterranean climates.