UPSC CISF-AC-EXE Archives

31. Which one of the following statements about the judgement in the D.K.

Which one of the following statements about the judgement in the D.K. Basu v. State of West Bengal case (Supreme Court, 1997) is not correct ?

A person arrested must be made aware of the right to have someone informed of his arrest or detention as soon as he is put under arrest or is detained.

It provided for compensation in the case of displacement from land in Government projects.

The arrestee may be permitted to meet his lawyer during interrogation, though not throughout the interrogation.

It emerged out of a Public Interest Litigation.

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The statement “It provided for compensation in the case of displacement from land in Government projects” is not correct regarding the D.K. Basu v. State of West Bengal case (1997).

The D.K. Basu case dealt with laying down guidelines for police to follow during arrest and detention procedures to prevent custodial torture and deaths. It did not concern land acquisition or displacement issues.

The D.K. Basu case arose from a Public Interest Litigation concerning deaths in police custody. The Supreme Court issued detailed guidelines (often referred to as ‘DK Basu guidelines’) that police must scrupulously observe, including the right of the arrested person to be informed of the grounds of arrest, the right to have a relative/friend informed, the right to consult a lawyer, and mandatory medical examination. Statement B describes issues related to laws like the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013, which are unrelated to the D.K. Basu judgment.

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32. Which one of the following Articles of the Constitution of India provi

Which one of the following Articles of the Constitution of India provides that the State shall not deny to any person equality before the law or the equal protection of the laws within the territory of India ?

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Article 14

Article 12

Article 13

Article 15

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Article 14 of the Constitution of India provides for equality before the law and equal protection of the laws.

Article 14 states, “The State shall not deny to any person equality before the law or the equal protection of the laws within the territory of India.” It is a cornerstone of the Fundamental Rights.

Article 12 defines the term ‘State’ as used in Part III (Fundamental Rights). Article 13 declares that laws inconsistent with or in derogation of the Fundamental Rights shall be void. Article 15 prohibits discrimination on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth.

33. Which of the following statements about the Writ of Mandamus is/are co

Which of the following statements about the Writ of Mandamus is/are correct ?

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1. Mandamus lies against the Government.
2. Mandamus lies against inferior Courts and Tribunals.
3. Mandamus lies against individuals in cases where a public duty is imposed on them.

Select the correct answer using the code given below :

1, 2 and 3

2 and 3 only

1 and 3 only

1 only

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All three statements about the Writ of Mandamus are correct.

Mandamus is a judicial writ issued by a higher court (Supreme Court or High Court) commanding a public official, lower court, tribunal, corporation, or any person/body performing a public duty, to perform a specific public duty which they are legally bound to perform but have failed or refused to do.

1. Mandamus lies against the government and governmental officials for performance of public duties.
2. Mandamus lies against inferior courts and tribunals if they refuse to exercise their jurisdiction or perform a duty imposed by law.
3. Mandamus generally does not lie against private individuals or bodies, but it *does* lie against individuals or private bodies when they are performing a public duty or are legally obligated to perform a public function imposed by statute or common law.

34. Who among the following certifies a bill as a Money Bill ?

Who among the following certifies a bill as a Money Bill ?

The Chairman of the Council of States

The Speaker of the House of the People

The Finance Minister

The President

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The Speaker of the House of the People (Lok Sabha) certifies a bill as a Money Bill.

Article 110(3) of the Constitution of India explicitly states that if any question arises whether a Bill is a Money Bill or not, the decision of the Speaker of the House of the People thereon shall be final.

A Money Bill can only be introduced in the Lok Sabha. The Rajya Sabha has limited powers regarding a Money Bill; it can only make recommendations, which the Lok Sabha is free to accept or reject. The President can either assent to or withhold assent from a Money Bill but cannot return it for reconsideration.

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35. Which one of the following Committees has recommended the inclusion of

Which one of the following Committees has recommended the inclusion of Fundamental Duties in the Constitution under the 42^nd Amendment Act of 1976 ?

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Jagjivan Ram Committee

Swaran Singh Committee

V.V. Giri Committee

B.D. Jatti Committee

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The Swaran Singh Committee recommended the inclusion of Fundamental Duties in the Constitution.

Based on the recommendations of the Swaran Singh Committee, the 42nd Amendment Act, 1976 added a new Part IVA to the Constitution, comprising Article 51A, which enumerated a list of ten Fundamental Duties.

The Swaran Singh Committee was constituted in 1976 by the Congress government. Originally, the committee suggested only eight fundamental duties, but the 42nd Amendment included ten. A eleventh duty was added later by the 86th Amendment Act, 2002.

36. Which one of the following Amendments to the Constitution of India mad

Which one of the following Amendments to the Constitution of India made it mandatory to conduct periodic elections to the Local Government Bodies ?

72nd

73rd

64th

63rd

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The 73rd Amendment to the Constitution of India made it mandatory to conduct periodic elections to the Local Government Bodies (specifically Panchayats).

The Constitution (73rd Amendment) Act, 1992 introduced Part IX relating to Panchayats, providing for a uniform five-year term for Panchayats and mandating that elections must be held before the expiry of the term or within six months of its dissolution.

The 74th Amendment Act, 1992 introduced Part IXA relating to Municipalities, also mandating periodic elections every five years. Both amendments gave constitutional status to local self-government institutions and ensured their regular functioning through mandatory elections. The 72nd Amendment dealt with reservation of seats in certain state legislative assemblies, the 64th and 63rd Amendments were related to Punjab.

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37. Which one of the following Articles of the Constitution of India is re

Which one of the following Articles of the Constitution of India is related to the Address of the President at the commencement of the first session of the Parliament each year ?

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Article 84

Article 85

Article 87

Article 97

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Article 87 of the Constitution of India is related to the Special Address by the President.

Article 87 provides that the President shall address both Houses of Parliament assembled together at the commencement of the first session after each general election to the House of the People and at the commencement of the first session of each year.

Article 84 deals with the qualification for membership of Parliament. Article 85 relates to the sessions of Parliament, prorogation, and dissolution. Article 97 deals with the salaries and allowances of the Chairman and Deputy Chairman of the Council of States and the Speaker and Deputy Speaker of the House of the People. Article 86 relates to the right of the President to address and send messages to Houses.

38. Which one of the following is not correct regarding India’s position i

Which one of the following is not correct regarding India’s position in Regional Organizations/Institutions ?

Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) - Founder Member

Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) - Observer Member

East Asia Summit (EAS) - Member

Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) - Founder Member

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The correct answer is A) Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) – Founder Member.

Let’s examine each statement regarding India’s position:
A) Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) – Founder Member: Incorrect. India became a full member of the SCO in 2017, along with Pakistan. The founder members are China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan.
B) Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) – Observer Member: Incorrect. India is neither a member nor an official observer of APEC. India has expressed interest in joining APEC, but there has been a moratorium on new members since 1997.
C) East Asia Summit (EAS) – Member: Correct. India is a founding member of the East Asia Summit, which was established in 2005.
D) Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) – Founder Member: Correct. India is a founding member of the AIIB and is the second-largest shareholder.
Both statements A and B are incorrect. However, A is often highlighted as India’s status changed from observer to full member recently (2017), while B describes a status India has never held. In the context of testing knowledge about specific international bodies, claiming ‘Founder Member’ status when the country joined much later as a full member is a clear factual error about historical status. Option A is the intended incorrect statement.

India’s membership in various regional and international organizations reflects its growing global engagement and strategic priorities. Understanding the level of India’s participation (founder, full member, observer, dialogue partner) in key bodies is important for international relations topics.

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39. “One Vision, One Identity, One Community” is the motto of

“One Vision, One Identity, One Community” is the motto of

SAARC

ASEAN

SCO

OAS

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The correct answer is B) ASEAN.

“One Vision, One Identity, One Community” is the official motto of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). It was adopted to signify the aspirations of the ASEAN Member States to achieve greater unity, integration, and collective identity among its diverse members.

ASEAN was established on 8 August 1967 in Bangkok, Thailand, with the signing of the ASEAN Declaration (Bangkok Declaration). The founding members were Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand. Brunei Darussalam, Vietnam, Lao PDR, Myanmar, and Cambodia joined later.

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40. Which of the following statements is/are correct about the UN Human Ri

Which of the following statements is/are correct about the UN Human Rights Council ?

It was established in the year 2006.
The Council is made up of 47 Member States.
The United States of America was elected to the UN Human Rights Council in the year 2006.
Members of the Council serve for a period of five years.

1 and 2 only

2 only

3 and 4 only

1, 2 and 3

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The correct answer is A) 1 and 2 only.

Let’s evaluate each statement about the UN Human Rights Council:
1. It was established in the year 2006. – Correct. The UN Human Rights Council was established by the UN General Assembly on 15 March 2006 to replace the UN Commission on Human Rights.
2. The Council is made up of 47 Member States. – Correct. The Council is composed of 47 Member States which are elected by the majority of members of the General Assembly through direct and secret ballot.
3. The United States of America was elected to the UN Human Rights Council in the year 2006. – Incorrect. The U.S. boycotted the Council during its initial years under the George W. Bush administration and did not join until 2009 under the Obama administration.
4. Members of the Council serve for a period of five years. – Incorrect. Members of the Council serve for a period of three years and are not eligible for immediate re-election after two consecutive terms.
Therefore, only statements 1 and 2 are correct.

The UN Human Rights Council meets at the UN Office in Geneva. It holds regular sessions three times a year (March, June, September). It can also hold special sessions to address urgent human rights violations. The Council utilizes mechanisms like the Universal Periodic Review (UPR) to assess the human rights records of all 193 UN Member States.

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