UPSC CISF-AC-EXE Archives

21. In November 2018, the United Nations Security Council has lifted the a

In November 2018, the United Nations Security Council has lifted the arms embargo, travel ban, assets freeze and targeted sanctions previously imposed on which one of the following African countries?

Eritrea

Somalia

Djibouti

Ethiopia

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In November 2018, the United Nations Security Council lifted sanctions previously imposed on Eritrea.

– Sanctions against Eritrea were imposed in 2009 and 2011 by the UNSC for its alleged support for al-Shabaab militants in Somalia and for failing to withdraw troops from a disputed border territory with Djibouti.
– The decision to lift the sanctions in Resolution 2444 (2018) followed improving ties between Eritrea and its neighbours, including a historic peace agreement with Ethiopia in July 2018 and warming relations with Djibouti and Somalia.

The lifting of sanctions included the arms embargo, travel ban, asset freeze, and targeted sanctions on individuals and entities.

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22. Which one of the following is declared the ‘Word of the Year’ for 2018

Which one of the following is declared the ‘Word of the Year’ for 2018 by the Oxford Dictionary?

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Post-truth

Youthquake

Vape

Toxic

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‘Toxic’ was declared the ‘Word of the Year’ for 2018 by the Oxford Dictionary.

– Oxford Dictionaries selects a ‘Word of the Year’ that is judged to reflect the ethos, mood, or preoccupations of the past twelve months, and have lasting potential as a term of cultural significance.
– In 2018, ‘toxic’ was chosen due to a significant increase in its usage in relation to a wide range of topics, including ‘toxic environment’, ‘toxic relationship’, ‘toxic culture’, ‘toxic masculinity’, and ‘toxic air’.

‘Post-truth’ was the word of the year for 2016, ‘Youthquake’ for 2017, and ‘Vape’ was a strong contender and had been nominated in previous years.

23. Who among the following has authored Imperialism : the Highest Stage o

Who among the following has authored Imperialism : the Highest Stage of Capitalism?

Karl Marx

Antonio Gramsci

V. I. Lenin

Luxemburg

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V. I. Lenin authored the book ‘Imperialism: The Highest Stage of Capitalism’.

– Vladimir Ilyich Lenin (1870-1924) was a Russian revolutionary, political theorist, and the first head of government of Soviet Russia and the Soviet Union.
– He wrote ‘Imperialism: The Highest Stage of Capitalism’ in 1916, arguing that imperialism was a specific stage of capitalist development characterized by monopolies, the dominance of finance capital, export of capital, and the division of the world among international trusts.

Karl Marx is known for ‘Das Kapital’, Antonio Gramsci for his concept of cultural hegemony, and Rosa Luxemburg (often mistakenly cited as ‘Luxemburg’ in options) for her critiques of capitalism and imperialism, particularly in ‘The Accumulation of Capital’.

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24. Which of the following statements about ‘Cold War’ is/are correct? 1

Which of the following statements about ‘Cold War’ is/are correct?

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1. It refers to the political and military rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union.
2. The Cold War also refers to the years between the Truman Doctrine and the Khrushchev Thaw.
3. The term refers to a certain kind of behaviour, characterized by superpower confrontation, unaccompanied by ideology.

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

1 only

1 and 2 only

2 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3

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Statement 1 is correct about the ‘Cold War’.

– Statement 1 is true: The Cold War was primarily characterized by the geopolitical, ideological, and military rivalry between the two superpowers, the United States and the Soviet Union, and their respective allies.
– Statement 2 is false: While the Truman Doctrine (1947) is often considered a starting point of the Cold War, the Khrushchev Thaw (mid-1950s) was a period of slightly improved relations and reduced repression within the Soviet Union and its bloc; it did not mark the end of the Cold War. The Cold War lasted until the early 1990s.
– Statement 3 is false: The Cold War was intensely ideological. It was a conflict between the capitalist-democratic system championed by the US and the communist system led by the USSR, in addition to being a superpower confrontation.

The term “Cold War” is used because the two main adversaries never directly engaged in large-scale armed combat against each other, but instead pursued their conflict through proxy wars, espionage, propaganda, and the nuclear arms race.

25. Which of the following is/are privilege/privileges enjoyed by a Member

Which of the following is/are privilege/privileges enjoyed by a Member of the Parliament?

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1. Freedom from arrest in criminal cases
2. Freedom from arrest under a Law of Preventive Detention
3. Freedom of speech within the walls of the House
4. Freedom not to give evidence as witness, unless permitted by the House

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

1 only

1 and 2 only

2 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3

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UPSC CISF-AC-EXE – 2019

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Based on available information and common interpretations of similar questions, Option C is likely the intended correct answer, implying statements 2 and 3 are considered privileges by the question setter, although statement 2 is generally not considered a privilege providing immunity from arrest in standard legal texts.

– Parliamentary privileges are special rights, immunities, and exceptions enjoyed by members of Parliament to ensure they can effectively discharge their functions.
– Statement 1 (Freedom from arrest in criminal cases) is **not** a privilege. Parliamentary privilege from arrest applies only to civil cases, not criminal cases or preventive detention.
– Statement 2 (Freedom from arrest under a Law of Preventive Detention) is also generally **not** a privilege providing immunity from arrest. Like criminal cases, MPs are not immune from arrest under preventive detention laws.
– Statement 3 (Freedom of speech within the walls of the House) **is** a fundamental privilege (Article 105(1) and immunity from court proceedings under Article 105(2)).
– Statement 4 (Freedom not to give evidence as witness, unless permitted by the House) **is** generally considered a privilege; a member cannot be compelled to attend as a witness in court during a session.
– Based on standard legal understanding, statements 3 and 4 are privileges, while 1 and 2 are not. This makes all provided options flawed as none lists 3 and 4 together, and options C and D include incorrect statements (2 in C, 1 and 2 in D). However, if forced to choose from the options and assuming C is the intended answer (as indicated by some sources), it suggests a specific, non-standard interpretation where statement 2 is considered a privilege alongside 3, and 4 is not considered a privilege. Statement 3 is undoubtedly a privilege.

Article 105 of the Constitution of India deals with the powers, privileges, etc., of the Houses of Parliament and of the members and committees thereof. It guarantees freedom of speech in Parliament and immunity from court proceedings for anything said or vote cast in Parliament. Other privileges are derived from British parliamentary practice and rules of procedure.

26. Which one of the following statements is not true about

Which one of the following statements is **not** true about Perestroika?

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It is the name of a book authored by Mikhail Gorbachev.

It was anti-Stalinist but not anti-socialist.

It reflected Gorbachev's ideas on the creation of Commonwealth of Independent States.

It emphasized a return to the ideals of Lenin.

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Statement C is not true about Perestroika.

– Perestroika (meaning “restructuring”) was a political and economic reform movement within the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, associated with Mikhail Gorbachev, implemented from 1985 onwards.
– Statement A is true: Mikhail Gorbachev authored a book titled “Perestroika: New Thinking for Our Country and the World” explaining his reforms.
– Statement B is true: Perestroika sought to reform the existing socialist system, not abolish it, and was critical of the centralized, authoritarian aspects associated with Stalin’s rule (anti-Stalinist but not anti-socialist).
– Statement D is true: Gorbachev often invoked the ideals of Lenin, particularly his New Economic Policy (NEP), to justify market-oriented reforms and decentralization as a return to true Leninist principles that had been distorted by later Soviet leaders.
– Statement C is false: Perestroika was a policy aimed at reforming the Soviet Union itself. The Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) was formed in December 1991 *after* the dissolution of the Soviet Union, a process that the failure of Perestroika to revitalize the USSR arguably accelerated. Perestroika did not aim to create the CIS; the CIS emerged as a successor entity after the USSR collapsed.

Glasnost (openness) was another key reform introduced by Gorbachev alongside Perestroika. These reforms aimed to modernize the Soviet system but ultimately contributed to its collapse.

27. Who has coined the term ‘global village’?

Who has coined the term ‘global village’?

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Hans J. Morgenthau

E. H. Carr

Marshall McLuhan

Richard Falk

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Marshall McLuhan coined the term ‘global village’.

– Marshall McLuhan (1911-1980) was a Canadian philosopher of communication theory.
– He used the term ‘global village’ to describe how the electronic mass media collapse space and time barriers, allowing people to interact and perceive the world on a global scale as if it were a small village.

Other options are associated with different fields: Hans J. Morgenthau and E. H. Carr are prominent figures in the field of International Relations (Realism), and Richard Falk is a scholar of international law and international relations.

28. Which one of the following is not a provision under the Directive Prin

Which one of the following is not a provision under the Directive Principles of State Policy?

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Right to work

Provision for early childhood care and education to children below the age of six years

Promoting harmony and spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the people of India

Separation of Judiciary from Executive

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Option C is not a provision under the Directive Principles of State Policy.

– The Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSPs) are enshrined in Part IV of the Indian Constitution.
– Option A (Right to work) is related to Article 41 (Right to work, to education and to public assistance in certain cases).
– Option B (Provision for early childhood care and education to children below the age of six years) is related to Article 45 (Provision for early childhood care and education to children below the age of six years), which was amended by the 86th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2002.
– Option D (Separation of Judiciary from Executive) is a direct provision under Article 50 of the DPSP.
– Option C (Promoting harmony and spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the people of India) is listed as a Fundamental Duty under Article 51A(e), not a DPSP.

DPSPs are non-justiciable principles that guide the State in making laws, while Fundamental Duties are obligations of the citizens.

29. Which Article of the Constitution of India provides for the right of m

Which Article of the Constitution of India provides for the right of minorities to establish and administer educational institutions?

Article 27

Article 28

Article 29

Article 30

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Article 30 of the Constitution of India provides for the right of minorities (religious or linguistic) to establish and administer educational institutions of their choice.

This right is guaranteed to minorities to protect their distinct culture, language, and script and to ensure their overall development.

Article 29 protects the interests of minorities to conserve their distinct language, script, or culture. Article 30 complements Article 29 by giving minorities a mechanism to protect their culture through education. The state shall not discriminate against any educational institution managed by a minority community in granting aid.

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30. Which Constitutional Amendment Act enjoined upon the State to provide

Which Constitutional Amendment Act enjoined upon the State to provide free and compulsory education to all children of the age of six to fourteen years?

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The 85th Amendment Act

The 86th Amendment Act

The 87th Amendment Act

The 88th Amendment Act

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The 86th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2002, inserted Article 21A into the Constitution, making the right to education a Fundamental Right for children between the ages of six and fourteen years.

Article 21A mandates the State to provide free and compulsory education to all children in the age group of 6 to 14 years in such manner as the State may, by law, determine.

This amendment also amended Article 45 (Directive Principle) to provide for early childhood care and education for children below six years and added a new Fundamental Duty (Article 51A(k)) for parents/guardians to provide educational opportunities to their child between 6 and 14 years. The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education (RTE) Act, 2009, was enacted to give effect to Article 21A.