UPSC NDA-1

21. Which one of the following States/UTs was connected with the Indian Ra

Which one of the following States/UTs was connected with the Indian Railways network in the year 2021?

[amp_mcq option1=”Mizoram” option2=”Ladakh” option3=”Manipur” option4=”Sikkim” correct=”option3″]

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Manipur was connected with the Indian Railways network in a significant way with progress on the Jiribam-Imphal line in the year 2021.
While parts of some Northeastern states had earlier limited rail connectivity, the project to connect the capital of Manipur, Imphal, made significant strides in 2021. Sections of the Jiribam-Imphal railway line became operational, bringing Manipur closer to integration with the national railway network in that specific year, marking a notable connectivity milestone among the options provided.
Major railway infrastructure projects are underway in several Northeastern states to improve connectivity. By 2021, the progress on the Jiribam-Imphal line stood out among the states/UTs listed in terms of achieving operational status on parts of the critical connectivity route towards the state capital. Ladakh currently has no railway connectivity. Sikkim’s Sevoke-Rangpo line is under construction. Mizoram’s Bairabi was connected earlier, and the line towards Sairang is under construction.

22. Nisarga, Gati, Nivar, Tauktae and Yaas are names of

Nisarga, Gati, Nivar, Tauktae and Yaas are names of

[amp_mcq option1=”new fighter aircrafts” option2=”tourist places” option3=”weather stations” option4=”cyclones” correct=”option4″]

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Nisarga, Gati, Nivar, Tauktae and Yaas are names of cyclones.
These names correspond to tropical cyclones that formed in the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal in the years 2020 and 2021, affecting India and neighbouring countries. Nisarga and Gati occurred in 2020 (Arabian Sea), while Nivar (Bay of Bengal), Tauktae (Arabian Sea) and Yaas (Bay of Bengal) occurred in 2020-2021.
Tropical cyclones are named by regional naming centres following a predetermined list contributed by countries in the region. This helps in identifying and tracking cyclones. The names listed are from recent cyclone seasons.

23. The idea of Planning in Independent India was drawn from

The idea of Planning in Independent India was drawn from

[amp_mcq option1=”the Bombay Plan” option2=”the demand made by peasants” option3=”the demand made by workers’ unions” option4=”the Gandhian vision of India’s future” correct=”option1″]

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The idea of Planning in Independent India was significantly drawn from and influenced by the Bombay Plan.
The Bombay Plan, formulated in 1944 by a group of prominent Indian industrialists, proposed a 15-year plan for India’s economic development. It advocated for significant state intervention in the economy, including investment in industries and infrastructure. While the idea of planning was already present within the national movement (e.g., National Planning Committee under Nehru, 1938), the Bombay Plan was a concrete and influential blueprint that demonstrated broad elite consensus on the necessity of planning for rapid industrialization after independence.
Independent India adopted a model of mixed economy with a strong emphasis on state-led planning, inspired by socialist ideas and the success observed in planned economies elsewhere. While the final plans were not identical to the Bombay Plan, the latter was a crucial pre-independence document that shaped the discourse and demonstrated the feasibility and acceptance of large-scale planning among Indian elites, including the capitalist class.

24. Nkrumah was one of the five leaders, who comprised the core of the Non

Nkrumah was one of the five leaders, who comprised the core of the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM). He was the leader of which country in Africa?

[amp_mcq option1=”Nigeria” option2=”Kenya” option3=”Uganda” option4=”Ghana” correct=”option4″]

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Kwame Nkrumah, one of the five leaders who comprised the core of the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM), was the leader of Ghana.
Kwame Nkrumah was the first Prime Minister and later the first President of Ghana. He was a leading figure in Ghana’s independence struggle and a strong advocate of pan-Africanism and non-alignment during the Cold War era.
The core leaders often associated with the founding of NAM were Jawaharlal Nehru (India), Josip Broz Tito (Yugoslavia), Gamal Abdel Nasser (Egypt), Sukarno (Indonesia), and Kwame Nkrumah (Ghana). They played instrumental roles in organizing the Bandung Conference (1955) and the first NAM Summit in Belgrade (1961).

25. The 13th Century text Lekhapaddhati gives us information on which one

The 13th Century text Lekhapaddhati gives us information on which one of the following topics?

[amp_mcq option1=”Art of writing” option2=”Essay writing” option3=”Legal document” option4=”Epigraphic style” correct=”option3″]

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The 13th Century text Lekhapaddhati gives us information on Legal documents.
Lekhapaddhati is a medieval Sanskrit and Prakrit text originating from Gujarat. It is a collection of model documents, including various types of legal deeds, administrative orders, land grants, agreements, and private letters. It served as a practical guide for drafting documents and provides valuable insights into the administrative, legal, and socio-economic conditions of the period.
The text is a unique source for understanding the formulation and structure of official and private documents in medieval Western India. Its content covers practical aspects of daily life, governance, and transactions, offering more than just information on the ‘art of writing’ or ‘epigraphic style’. It’s fundamentally a manual for legal and administrative drafting.

26. The Satyashodhak Samaj (Truth-Seeking Society) was set up by

The Satyashodhak Samaj (Truth-Seeking Society) was set up by

[amp_mcq option1=”Vinoba Bhave” option2=”Jyotiba Phule” option3=”B. R. Ambedkar” option4=”C. Rajagopalachari” correct=”option2″]

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The Satyashodhak Samaj (Truth-Seeking Society) was set up by Jyotiba Phule.
Jyotiba Phule founded the Satyashodhak Samaj in 1873 in Maharashtra. The organization’s primary objective was to challenge the caste system, expose the exploitation of lower castes by upper castes (especially Brahmins), and promote social justice, equality, and education for women and depressed classes.
Jyotiba Phule and his wife Savitribai Phule were pioneers in promoting education for girls and establishing schools for marginalized communities in Maharashtra. The Satyashodhak Samaj played a crucial role in the anti-caste movement.

27. The Mahad Satyagraha of 1927 was organized by

The Mahad Satyagraha of 1927 was organized by

[amp_mcq option1=”B. R. Ambedkar” option2=”Mahatma Gandhi” option3=”S. C. Bose” option4=”Lokmanya Tilak” correct=”option1″]

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The Mahad Satyagraha of 1927 was organized by B. R. Ambedkar.
This Satyagraha was launched by Dr. B. R. Ambedkar on March 20, 1927, to challenge the caste-based discrimination and assert the right of the untouchables (Dalits) to use water from the public Chavadar Tank in Mahad, Maharashtra.
The Mahad Satyagraha was a significant event in the history of the Dalit movement in India, demonstrating the commitment of Ambedkar to fight for the civil rights of the depressed classes through direct action and assertion.

28. The Khudai Khidmatgar (Servants of the God) was organized by

The Khudai Khidmatgar (Servants of the God) was organized by

[amp_mcq option1=”Mahatma Gandhi” option2=”Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan” option3=”M. A. Jinnah” option4=”M. M. Malaviya” correct=”option2″]

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The Khudai Khidmatgar (Servants of God) movement was organized by Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan.
Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan, also known as Bacha Khan or Frontier Gandhi, founded this non-violent Pashtun movement in the North-West Frontier Province (NWFP) of British India. Its members wore red shirts and were dedicated to non-violent resistance against British rule.
The Khudai Khidmatgar movement was closely allied with the Indian National Congress during the independence struggle. Their commitment to non-violence was remarkable among the predominantly Pashtun population, who were traditionally known for their martial culture.

29. The term ‘Industrial Revolution’ was first used by

The term ‘Industrial Revolution’ was first used by

[amp_mcq option1=”J. A. Blanqui” option2=”T. S. Ashton” option3=”Arnold Toynbee” option4=”R. H. Tawney” correct=”option1″]

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The term ‘Industrial Revolution’ is widely credited to have been first used by French economist and socialist, Jérôme-Adolphe Blanqui.
Blanqui reportedly used the term in 1837. While Arnold Toynbee later popularized the term through his lectures in the late 19th century, giving it academic prominence, Blanqui is often cited as the first to coin it.
Arnold Toynbee’s lectures on the topic, delivered in the early 1880s and published posthumously, greatly contributed to the widespread adoption and understanding of the term ‘Industrial Revolution’. However, the question asks who used it first.

30. The real beginning of western education in India can be dated from

The real beginning of western education in India can be dated from

[amp_mcq option1=”the Charter Act of 1813″ option2=”the Charter Act of 1793″ option3=”the Sarda Act of 1929″ option4=”the Macaulay’s Minute on Indian Education, 1835″ correct=”option4″]

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The real beginning of western education in India is generally dated from Macaulay’s Minute on Indian Education in 1835.
Thomas Babington Macaulay’s Minute strongly advocated for the introduction of English education in India, focusing on Western subjects, rather than supporting traditional Oriental learning. His views were accepted by Lord William Bentinck, the Governor-General, leading to a resolution in March 1835 that made English the medium of instruction for higher education and allocated funds for promoting Western literature and science.
The Charter Act of 1813 was significant as it allocated an amount of one lakh rupees per year for education in India, but it did not explicitly mandate the promotion of only western education; it allowed for the revival and improvement of literature and the encouragement of learned natives. The debate between Orientalists and Anglicists culminated in Macaulay’s decisive push for English and Western learning, marking a turning point. The Sarda Act of 1929 was related to child marriage.
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