UPSC CDS-1

41. To study which one of the following was a spacecraft launched that wou

To study which one of the following was a spacecraft launched that would be farthest from the Sun and would run exclusively on solar power ?

Jupiter's Trojan asteroids
Saturn's rings and moons
Mars' atmosphere
Kuiper Belt and Oort Cloud
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The spacecraft launched to study Jupiter’s Trojan asteroids, named Lucy, is designed to be the farthest from the Sun while running exclusively on solar power.
NASA’s Lucy mission, launched in October 2021, is the first space mission to study the Trojan asteroids associated with Jupiter. It uses large solar arrays to generate power, which is a significant technological achievement for a mission operating in the outer solar system where sunlight is much weaker.
Previous missions to the outer solar system relied primarily on Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generators (RTGs) for power. The Lucy mission’s solar panels are exceptionally large (about the width of a tennis court) to capture enough sunlight at the distance of Jupiter’s orbit. The Trojan asteroids are remnants from the formation of the solar system, orbiting in two swarms, one leading and one trailing Jupiter.

42. With reference to Bhindawas Wildlife Sanctuary, Sultanpur National Par

With reference to Bhindawas Wildlife Sanctuary, Sultanpur National Park, Thol Lake Wildlife Sanctuary and Wadhwana Wetland, which of the following statements is/are correct ?

  • 1. All of them are Ramsar sites.
  • 2. All of them are naturally formed wetlands.
  • 3. All of them are birding sites.

Select the correct answer using the code given below :

1 only
1 and 3
2 and 3
1, 2 and 3
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Statements 1 and 3 are correct, while Statement 2 is incorrect.
All four wetlands listed (Bhindawas, Sultanpur, Thol Lake, Wadhwana) were designated as Ramsar sites in 2021 (Bhindawas and Sultanpur in Haryana, Thol and Wadhwana in Gujarat). All are well-known birding sites attracting migratory birds. However, not all of them are naturally formed; Bhindawas, Thol Lake, and Wadhwana are artificial or significantly modified wetlands/reservoirs.
Bhindawas Wildlife Sanctuary and Sultanpur National Park are located in Haryana. Thol Lake Wildlife Sanctuary and Wadhwana Wetland are located in Gujarat. These sites are crucial for bird conservation and are popular destinations for birdwatchers.

43. Who among the following won the FIDE World Chess Championship, 2021 ?

Who among the following won the FIDE World Chess Championship, 2021 ?

Nepomniachtchi
Magnus Carlsen
Ding Liren
Anish Giri
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Magnus Carlsen won the FIDE World Chess Championship in 2021.
Magnus Carlsen of Norway defeated Ian Nepomniachtchi of Russia in the championship match held in Dubai. This was Carlsen’s fifth consecutive World Championship title.
Magnus Carlsen is a Norwegian chess grandmaster and the reigning World Champion in rapid chess and the former World Champion in blitz chess. Ian Nepomniachtchi is a Russian chess grandmaster who won the Candidates Tournament 2020–2021 to challenge Carlsen.

44. Which one among the following countries has announced a plan that sets

Which one among the following countries has announced a plan that sets a goal of having fewer than 5% of its populace smoking by 2025 ?

England
Germany
New Zealand
Russia
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New Zealand has announced a comprehensive plan to drastically reduce smoking rates in the country.
New Zealand’s goal is to achieve a smoking prevalence of less than 5% for all population groups by 2025, as part of its ‘Smokefree Aotearoa 2025 Action Plan’.
Measures proposed to achieve this goal include significantly reducing the nicotine content in cigarettes, banning filter cigarettes, banning corner dairies and supermarkets from selling tobacco, and increasing the legal smoking age so that current young people can never legally buy tobacco.

45. Which of the following about Khijadiya Bird Sanctuary is/are correct ?

Which of the following about Khijadiya Bird Sanctuary is/are correct ?

  • 1. It is recently declared as a Ramsar Site (wetlands of international importance)
  • 2. It is located in Uttar Pradesh

Select the correct answer using the code given below :

1 only
2 only
Both 1 and 2
Neither 1 nor 2
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Statement 1 is correct, and Statement 2 is incorrect.
Khijadiya Bird Sanctuary was declared a Ramsar site in February 2022. It is located in Jamnagar, Gujarat, not Uttar Pradesh.
Along with Khijadiya Bird Sanctuary, Bakhira Wildlife Sanctuary (Uttar Pradesh) was also added to the Ramsar list in February 2022, bringing the total number of Ramsar sites in India to 49 at that time. Ramsar sites are wetlands deemed to be of international importance under the Ramsar Convention.

46. Which one of the following teams won the Senior Women’s National Footb

Which one of the following teams won the Senior Women’s National Football Championship, 2021 ?

Manipur
Railways
West Bengal
Odisha
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Manipur defeated Railways in the final match of the Senior Women’s National Football Championship, 2021.
The final of the 26th edition of the championship was held in Kozhikode, Kerala. Manipur won the title for the 21st time.
The tournament is organized by the All India Football Federation (AIFF) and features teams representing states and Union Territories of India, as well as institutional teams like Railways.

47. India’s maiden human space mission will be launched in 2023. What is i

India’s maiden human space mission will be launched in 2023. What is its name ?

Vayumitra
Vikram
Chandrayaan-3
Gaganyaan
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India’s maiden human space mission is named ‘Gaganyaan’.
Gaganyaan is an Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) mission aimed at sending Indian astronauts (Gagannauts) into orbit for a short duration.
The mission involves developing an orbital module with life support systems and training Indian astronauts. The project includes test flights, including uncrewed missions, before the final crewed mission, which is now targeted for after 2023. Vayumitra is the name of ISRO’s female-looking humanoid robot designed for uncrewed Gaganyaan missions. Chandrayaan-3 is ISRO’s lunar landing mission. Vikram was the name of the lander for Chandrayaan-2 and Chandrayaan-3.

48. Which one of the following statements about Anil Menon is correct ?

Which one of the following statements about Anil Menon is correct ?

He is an engineer who revolutionised organic farming.
He is a diplomat selected in a UN Peace-Keeping mission.
He is a physician selected by NASA to be an astronaut.
He is a star football player.
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Anil Menon is an Indian-American physician and former SpaceX flight surgeon who was selected by NASA as one of 10 astronaut candidates for its 2021 class.
His selection by NASA marks a significant step in his career towards potential future space missions.
Before joining NASA, Anil Menon served as the medical director for SpaceX, where he helped launch the company’s first human missions. He also previously worked with NASA as a crew flight surgeon for various expeditions on the International Space Station (ISS).

49. Which of the following statements is/are correct ? 1. Nilamoni Phuka

Which of the following statements is/are correct ?

  • 1. Nilamoni Phukan Jr. is the 56th Jnanpith Award winner.
  • 2. Damodar Mauzo is the 57th Jnanpith Award winner.

Select the correct answer using the code given below :

1 only
2 only
Both 1 and 2
Neither 1 nor 2
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Both statements are correct. The 56th Jnanpith Award was conferred upon Assamese poet Nilmani Phookan Jr., and the 57th Jnanpith Award was conferred upon Konkani writer Damodar Mauzo. The awards for 2020 and 2021 were announced together in December 2021.
The Jnanpith Award is India’s highest literary award, given annually by the Bharatiya Jnanpith organization to an author for their “outstanding contribution towards literature”.
Nilamani Phookan Jr. is a renowned poet known for his symbolic and modernist poetry. Damodar Mauzo is a celebrated novelist and short story writer in Konkani literature, often focusing on social issues and the life of the common people.

50. In December 2021, who among the following succeeded Angela Merkel as t

In December 2021, who among the following succeeded Angela Merkel as the Chancellor of Germany ?

Olaf Scholz
Annalena Baerbock
Armin Laschet
Jana Puglierin
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Olaf Scholz of the Social Democratic Party (SPD) succeeded Angela Merkel as the Chancellor of Germany in December 2021.
He leads a coalition government comprising the SPD, The Greens, and the Free Democratic Party (FDP).
Angela Merkel served as Chancellor from 2005 to 2021, making her one of Germany’s longest-serving heads of government. Olaf Scholz previously served as Vice-Chancellor and Minister of Finance in Merkel’s grand coalition government.
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