UPSC CDS-1

11. Which of the following statements about the Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak

Which of the following statements about the Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana are correct?

  • 1. It is part of Government of India’s poverty reduction strategy.
  • 2. It is a centrally sponsored scheme for rural development.
  • 3. It provides connectivity in rural areas.

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1, 2 and 3
1 and 3 only
2 and 3 only
1 and 2 only
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The correct answer is A) 1, 2 and 3. The Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) is indeed a part of the Government of India’s poverty reduction strategy (Statement 1), as improved rural connectivity enhances economic opportunities and access to services. It is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme (Statement 2) aimed at providing all-weather road connectivity to eligible unconnected habitations in rural areas (Statement 3), thus contributing significantly to rural development.
PMGSY is a flagship rural development program focused on providing basic infrastructure (roads) to unconnected rural habitations, which serves multiple goals including poverty reduction and overall rural development.
The scheme was launched in 2000. While initially framed as a 100% Centrally Sponsored Scheme, funding patterns have evolved over time, but it remains a Centrally Sponsored Scheme. Its core mandate is to provide single all-weather road connectivity to eligible unconnected habitations with specific population criteria.

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12. Which one of the following statements about the DDU – GKY is not cor

Which one of the following statements about the DDU – GKY is not correct ?

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It is a skill training programme.
It is for rural youth from poor families.
Its objective is placement in wage employment.
It relies entirely on skill training by Government agencies.
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The correct answer is D) It relies entirely on skill training by Government agencies. Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushalya Yojana (DDU-GKY) is a placement-linked skill development program for rural youth. While statements A, B, and C are correct objectives of the scheme, statement D is incorrect as the scheme primarily relies on private and non-governmental training partners, not solely government agencies, for providing skill training.
DDU-GKY is a market-driven, outcome-oriented skill training program implemented through Training Partners (TPs) which are typically private institutions or NGOs, not exclusively government agencies.
DDU-GKY is part of the National Rural Livelihood Mission (NRLM). It aims to train rural youth between 15 and 35 years of age from poor families and provide them with wage employment. The program emphasizes minimum placement rates for trained candidates.

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13. Mission Indradhanush aims at

Mission Indradhanush aims at

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reducing child deaths due to pneumonia.
reducing the impact of rotavirus.
elimination of maternal tetanus.
full immunisation of children.
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The correct answer is D) full immunisation of children. Mission Indradhanush is a health mission of the Government of India that aims to cover all those children and pregnant women who are unvaccinated or partially vaccinated against seven vaccine-preventable diseases.
The core goal of Mission Indradhanush is to rapidly increase the full immunisation coverage among children and pregnant women across the country.
The initial phase of Mission Indradhanush targeted immunisation against diphtheria, whooping cough, tetanus, polio, tuberculosis, measles, and Hepatitis B. The mission has been further strengthened with phases like Intensified Mission Indradhanush (IMI) and IMI 2.0, 3.0, and 4.0 to reach the unreached populations and achieve higher coverage.

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14. The Saubhagya Scheme aims at universal

The Saubhagya Scheme aims at universal

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LPG connection.
household electrification.
primary school education.
public health insurance.
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The correct answer is B) household electrification. The Saubhagya Scheme, officially known as Pradhan Mantri Sahaj Bijli Har Ghar Yojana, was launched by the Government of India with the aim to achieve universal household electrification in all parts of the country.
The primary objective of the Saubhagya Scheme was to provide electricity connections to all remaining unelectrified households in rural and urban areas.
The scheme was launched in September 2017 with the goal of completing household electrification by March 31, 2019. While achieving near 100% household electrification reported by the government, some challenges related to last-mile connectivity and quality of supply persist.

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15. NIDHI is an umbrella scheme for the promotion of

NIDHI is an umbrella scheme for the promotion of

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young and aspiring innovators.
scientific research.
primary health care.
primary education in rural areas.
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The correct answer is A) young and aspiring innovators. NIDHI stands for National Initiative for Developing and Harnessing Innovations, which is an umbrella program conceptualized by the Department of Science & Technology (DST) to nurture ideas and innovations into successful startups.
NIDHI primarily focuses on supporting and promoting innovation and entrepreneurship, targeting young innovators and startups.
The NIDHI program covers various components like PRAYAS (Promoting and Accelerating Young and Aspiring innovators & Startups), Entrepreneurs-in-Residence (EIR), NIDHI iDEX (Innovations for Defence Excellence), Seed Support System, Centers of Excellence, etc., all aimed at creating a robust innovation ecosystem.

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16. KIRAN (Knowledge Involvement in Research Advancement through Nurturing

KIRAN (Knowledge Involvement in Research Advancement through Nurturing) is an initiative to provide opportunities to women scientists who

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had a break in their career due to family reasons.
are pursuing innovative research in life sciences.
have collaborative projects with labs in foreign countries.
have leading edge projects in Nano-Science and Technology.
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KIRAN (Knowledge Involvement in Research Advancement through Nurturing) is an initiative by the Department of Science & Technology (DST), Government of India. One of the key objectives and specific schemes under KIRAN (like Women Scientists Scheme – WOS) is to provide opportunities to women scientists who have had a break in their careers, typically due to family reasons such as childbirth, child care, or care of elderly parents.
– The initiative aims to bring women scientists back into the mainstream of science and research.
– It provides research grants and other support mechanisms.
While women scientists pursuing research in various fields, including life sciences, or those involved in collaborative projects might benefit from various schemes, the specific focus of a major component of the KIRAN initiative is on providing opportunities for women who have experienced a career break.

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17. The Amara-Nayaka system was a major political innovation of which Indi

The Amara-Nayaka system was a major political innovation of which Indian imperial rulers ?

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Cholas
Chalukyas
Guptas
Vijayanagara
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The Amara-Nayaka system was a distinctive political and administrative feature of the Vijayanagara Empire (14th-16th centuries). In this system, the Vijayanagara rulers granted territories called ‘amaram’ to military commanders or governors known as ‘nayakas’ in exchange for tribute, troops, and loyalty.
– Nayakas were responsible for collecting taxes, maintaining law and order, and administering their assigned territories.
– This system helped the empire maintain a strong military and exert control over vast areas, but it also contributed to the eventual decentralization and weakening of central authority.
The Chola administration was known for its well-organized village self-governance and elaborate temple architecture. The Chalukyas ruled different parts of the Deccan at different times and had varying administrative structures. The Gupta Empire had a centralized administration with provincial governors and a system of feudatories (Samantas).

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18. Which Maratha statesman signed the Treaty of Bassein on December 31, 1

Which Maratha statesman signed the Treaty of Bassein on December 31, 1802 ?

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Baji Rao II
Vithuji Holkar
Daulat Rao Sindhia
Madhava Rao Narayan
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The Treaty of Bassein was signed on December 31, 1802, between the British East India Company and Peshwa Baji Rao II. Following his defeat by the Holkar forces, Baji Rao II sought British protection and signed this subsidiary alliance treaty, effectively surrendering his independence to the British.
– This treaty is considered a significant step in the expansion of British power in India, as it brought the head of the Maratha Confederacy under British control.
– The treaty led to the Second Anglo-Maratha War as other Maratha chiefs (Sindhia and Bhonsle) opposed it.
Vithuji Holkar was involved in the conflict leading up to the treaty but did not sign it. Daulat Rao Sindhia was a prominent Maratha chief who fought against the British in the Second Anglo-Maratha War. Madhava Rao Narayan was Peshwa before Baji Rao II.

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19. Which one of the following statements about the Act V of 1843 relating

Which one of the following statements about the Act V of 1843 relating to Slavery in India is correct ?

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It gave the masters the right to wilfully keep their slaves tied to their estates.
It denied the masters the use of Courts to assert their claims on slaves.
The Law Courts and masters worked jointly in resolving the cases of desertion.
The slaves became the owners of the land.
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Act V of 1843 effectively abolished slavery in British India by declaring that the status of slavery would not be recognized in any court of law. This meant that masters could not use the legal system (Courts) to assert their claims over individuals held as slaves, for instance, to compel them to return if they ran away.
– The Act did not make holding slaves a criminal offense immediately, but it stripped masters of their legal rights over slaves.
– It also stated that injuries inflicted on slaves would be dealt with under the Penal Code, just like those inflicted on free persons.
Option A is incorrect as the Act denied masters legal power over slaves. Option C is incorrect as courts would not recognize claims based on slavery. Option D is incorrect; the Act addressed the legal status of slaves, not their ownership of land.

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20. In 1911, who among the following introduced a bill in the Imperial Leg

In 1911, who among the following introduced a bill in the Imperial Legislative Council for introduction of compulsory and free primary education in India ?

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Dadabhai Naoroji
Bal Gangadhar Tilak
Sir Harcourt Butler
Gopal Krishna Gokhale
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Gopal Krishna Gokhale, a prominent moderate nationalist leader, introduced a bill in the Imperial Legislative Council in 1911 seeking the introduction of compulsory and free primary education for children aged 6 to 10 in selected areas. Although the bill was eventually defeated, it highlighted the demand for universal education and put pressure on the government.
– Gokhale’s bill was a significant effort to promote mass literacy in India during the British rule.
– While the bill did not pass, it was a precursor to future educational reforms.
Dadabhai Naoroji was a key figure in the early nationalist movement and propounded the “Drain of Wealth” theory. Bal Gangadhar Tilak was a radical nationalist leader known for the slogan “Swaraj is my birthright”. Sir Harcourt Butler was involved in education policy but Gokhale introduced the specific bill in 1911.

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