UPSC CDS-1 Archives

121. Who among the following is known as ‘Payyoli Express’?

Who among the following is known as ‘Payyoli Express’?

[amp_mcq option1=”Hima Das” option2=”Dutee Chand” option3=”P. T. Usha” option4=”Shiny Abraham” correct=”option3″]

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P. T. Usha is widely known as ‘Payyoli Express’. This nickname refers to her speed as an athlete and her origin from the village of Payyoli in Kerala, India.

P. T. Usha is one of India’s most celebrated track and field athletes, particularly known for her performance in sprint and hurdles events.

Hima Das is known as the ‘Dhing Express’. Dutee Chand and Shiny Abraham are also prominent Indian athletes in track and field events.

122. Which one of the following statements about the Wassenaar Arrangement

Which one of the following statements about the Wassenaar Arrangement is not correct?

[amp_mcq option1=”There are 42 participating nations in the Arrangement.” option2=”It is formed primarily as a nuclear weapon overseer.” option3=”India is the current Chairman of the Arrangement.” option4=”India joined the Arrangement in the year 2017.” correct=”option2″]

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The statement “It is formed primarily as a nuclear weapon overseer” is not correct. The Wassenaar Arrangement (WA) is a multilateral export control regime that deals with conventional arms and dual-use goods and technologies, not primarily nuclear weapons. Nuclear proliferation is mainly addressed by the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) and enforced by bodies like the IAEA, and other regimes like the Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG).

The Wassenaar Arrangement promotes transparency and greater responsibility in the transfer of conventional arms and dual-use goods and technologies to prevent destabilising accumulations.

There are 42 participating states in the Wassenaar Arrangement. India joined the WA in December 2017. India assumed the chairmanship of the Wassenaar Arrangement for a one-year term starting from January 1, 2023.

123. Karthik Meiyappan, who secured hat-trick in the ICC Men’s T20 World Cu

Karthik Meiyappan, who secured hat-trick in the ICC Men’s T20 World Cup, 2022, represents

[amp_mcq option1=”Zimbabwe” option2=”United Arab Emirates” option3=”Sri Lanka” option4=”Namibia” correct=”option2″]

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Karthik Meiyappan, the cricketer who achieved a hat-trick in the ICC Men’s T20 World Cup 2022, represents the United Arab Emirates (UAE). He took the hat-trick against Sri Lanka in a group stage match.

Meiyappan was the first bowler from the UAE and the first player from an associate nation to take a hat-trick in the Men’s T20 World Cup.

Karthik Meiyappan is a leg-spinner. His hat-trick wickets were Bhanuka Rajapaksa, Charith Asalanka, and Dasun Shanaka.

124. The resolution adopted by the United Nations General Assembly on 3 Mar

The resolution adopted by the United Nations General Assembly on 3 March, 2021 decided to celebrate the year 2023 as the International Year of

[amp_mcq option1=”Basic Sciences for Sustainable Development” option2=”Glass” option3=”Millets” option4=”Camelids” correct=”option3″]

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The United Nations General Assembly adopted a resolution on 3 March 2021, co-sponsored by India, to declare 2023 as the International Year of Millets.

The declaration aims to raise awareness about the nutritional and health benefits of millets and their suitability for cultivation under adverse and changing climatic conditions.

The proposal for the International Year of Millets originated from India. Other UN designated years include the International Year of Basic Sciences for Sustainable Development (2022), International Year of Glass (2022), and International Year of Camelids (2024).

126. Who among the following is the author of Maze Vidyapeeth, the famous p

Who among the following is the author of Maze Vidyapeeth, the famous poem about the life of working class of Bombay?

[amp_mcq option1=”Narayan Surve” option2=”Amol Palekar” option3=”Bhalchandra Nemade” option4=”Narendra Jadhav” correct=”option1″]

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Narayan Surve is the author of the famous Marathi poem “Maze Vidyapeeth” (My University). This poem is a powerful depiction of the life and struggles of the working class in Bombay.

“Maze Vidyapeeth” is a significant work in modern Marathi literature, known for its realistic portrayal of urban life and social commentary.

Narayan Surve (1926-2010) was a prominent Marathi poet. His work often reflected his own experiences growing up in poverty and living among mill workers and ordinary people.

127. Which one of the following Viceroys was the first to officially shift

Which one of the following Viceroys was the first to officially shift his Council to Simla in summer season?

[amp_mcq option1=”John Lawrence” option2=”Lord Dalhousie” option3=”Lord Mayo” option4=”William Bentinck” correct=”option1″]

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Lord John Lawrence, who served as Viceroy of India from 1864 to 1869, was the first Viceroy to officially shift the entire Council of the Governor-General (Viceroy’s Council) to Simla for the summer season. This practice continued for many decades thereafter, making Simla the summer capital of British India.

– The practice of shifting the capital to a hill station during summer was adopted by the British Raj due to the extreme heat in the plains.
– While Simla was used by Governors-General for recreation earlier, Lord Lawrence formalized the shifting of the entire administrative machinery, including the Council.

Other Viceroys like Lord Dalhousie visited Simla, but the full shift of the Council and government was initiated by Lord Lawrence in 1864. William Bentinck is credited with popularizing Simla as a hill station. Lord Mayo was Viceroy after Lawrence.

128. In respect to Balutedars, which of the statements given below are corr

In respect to Balutedars, which of the statements given below are correct?

1. They were village servants and artisans.
2. They were employed by individual peasant family.
3. They existed in the Medieval Deccan and Maharashtra.

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

[amp_mcq option1=”1 and 2 only” option2=”2 and 3 only” option3=”1 and 3 only” option4=”1, 2 and 3″ correct=”option3″]

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Statement 1 is correct. Balutedars were village servants and artisans in the traditional village system of the Deccan and Maharashtra. They provided essential services and goods to the villagers.
Statement 3 is correct. The Balutedar system was a prominent feature of the village economy and social structure in the Medieval Deccan and Maharashtra regions.
Statement 2 is also considered correct in the context of how the system functioned. While Balutedars served the village community, their compensation (Baluta – a share of the harvest) was often tied to specific peasant families or households with whom they had customary relationships. This formed a sort of patron-client relationship, effectively meaning they were “employed by” or served individual peasant families in return for their share of the produce, alongside serving the broader needs of the village. Therefore, all three statements accurately describe aspects of the Balutedar system.

– Balutedars were integral to the traditional village economy and social structure in Maharashtra and the Deccan.
– They provided essential services (like carpentry, blacksmithing, pottery, etc.) and received payment, usually in kind (grain), known as Baluta.
– The system involved customary service relationships with village families.

The Balutedar system is often compared to or seen as a regional variant of the Jajmani system found in other parts of India, though with its own specific features and names for the service providers and their customary shares. The system ensured a degree of economic security for the Balutedars and provided necessary services for the agricultural community.

129. Who among the following was not in the core leadership of the Non-Al

Who among the following was not in the core leadership of the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) in its formative phase?

[amp_mcq option1=”Kwame Nkrumah” option2=”Gamal Abdel Nasser” option3=”Jawaharlal Nehru” option4=”Fidel Castro” correct=”option4″]

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The Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) was founded by key leaders representing countries that sought to remain independent of the major Cold War power blocs. The formative phase and initial core leadership are commonly associated with Jawaharlal Nehru (India), Gamal Abdel Nasser (Egypt), Josip Broz Tito (Yugoslavia), Sukarno (Indonesia), and Kwame Nkrumah (Ghana). Fidel Castro of Cuba became a significant figure in NAM later, particularly from the late 1970s onwards, but was not part of the core group that established the movement in its initial stages (Bandung Conference 1955, Belgrade Conference 1961).

– The founders and core leaders of NAM in its formative phase included Nehru, Nasser, Tito, Sukarno, and Nkrumah.
– Fidel Castro played a prominent role in NAM during later periods, such as hosting the 1979 summit.

The Non-Aligned Movement emerged during the Cold War as a forum for states not formally aligned with or against any major power bloc. Its goal was to uphold principles like national sovereignty, territorial integrity, and non-interference in the internal affairs of other nations, and to promote international cooperation.

130. Which one of the following is not a part of Article 51 of the Consti

Which one of the following is not a part of Article 51 of the Constitution of India?

[amp_mcq option1=”Promote international peace and security” option2=”Maintain just and honourable relations between nations” option3=”Use of UN peacekeeping force for resolution of international disputes” option4=”Encourage settlement of international disputes by arbitration” correct=”option3″]

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Article 51 of the Constitution of India is a Directive Principle of State Policy that deals with the promotion of international peace and security. It directs the State to strive for:
(a) promote international peace and security;
(b) maintain just and honourable relations between nations;
(c) foster respect for international law and treaty obligations in the dealings of organised peoples with one another; and
(d) encourage settlement of international disputes by arbitration.
Option A, B, and D are explicitly mentioned in Article 51. The use of a UN peacekeeping force for the resolution of international disputes (Option C) is a method or mechanism that aligns with the broader goals of international peace and security but is not a specific directive listed as a clause within Article 51 itself.

– Article 51 is a part of the Directive Principles of State Policy (Part IV of the Constitution).
– It outlines India’s foreign policy objectives as enshrined in the Constitution.
– The article focuses on peaceful relations, international law, and arbitration.

Directive Principles of State Policy are fundamental in the governance of the country and it shall be the duty of the State to apply these principles in making laws, though they are not enforceable by any court. Article 51 guides India’s approach to international relations.