UPSC CAPF Archives

41. The inner most region of a hurricane is known as hurricane-eye where :

The inner most region of a hurricane is known as hurricane-eye where :

temperature is highest and pressure is the lowest

temperature is lowest and pressure is the lowest

sky is clear and temperature is the lowest

sky is under dense cloud cover and pressure is the lowest

This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2014

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The inner most region of a hurricane, known as the eye, is characterized by the lowest atmospheric pressure at the surface and the warmest temperatures at the surface within the storm.

The eye forms in the center of the hurricane where air sinks. This descending air suppresses cloud formation, leading to clear or partly cloudy skies and calm conditions in contrast to the violent eyewall surrounding it. As the air descends, it warms adiabatically, resulting in warmer temperatures, especially at the surface. The central pressure in the eye is the lowest in the entire storm, a defining characteristic of intense tropical cyclones.

The eyewall, surrounding the eye, is the most intense part of the hurricane, containing the strongest winds and heaviest rainfall. The transition from the violent eyewall to the calm eye is often abrupt and dramatic for anyone experiencing it.

42. What is clickjacking ?

What is clickjacking ?

A device that sends and receives data at every click in a bit second

A device which does/counts clicks on internet

A malicious technique of tricking Web users into revealing confidential information

A digital process that is used to display an image on mobiles

This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2014

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Clickjacking is a malicious technique used on the web to trick users into performing actions they did not intend, often leading to the revelation of confidential information or unauthorized actions.

This is achieved by layering a transparent or opaque iframe containing a malicious page over a legitimate web page. Users are lured to click on what appears to be a benign element on the visible page (e.g., a button), but their click is actually registered by the hidden malicious layer. This allows attackers to hijack clicks, making users unknowingly click on buttons or links that execute harmful actions, such as transferring money, changing passwords, or revealing sensitive data.

Clickjacking is also known as a “UI redress attack”. Websites can protect against clickjacking using techniques like X-Frame-Options HTTP headers (like DENY or SAMEORIGIN) or JavaScript-based frame-breaking code.

43. If x is a positive integer such that 2x + 12 is perfectly divisible by

If x is a positive integer such that 2x + 12 is perfectly divisible by x, then the number of possible values of x is :

This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2014

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For 2x + 12 to be perfectly divisible by the positive integer x, x must be a positive divisor of 12.

The expression (2x + 12) is perfectly divisible by x if the division (2x + 12) / x results in an integer.
(2x + 12) / x = (2x / x) + (12 / x) = 2 + 12/x.
Since 2 is an integer, for the entire expression (2 + 12/x) to be an integer, 12/x must be an integer.
This means x must be a divisor of 12.
Since x is a positive integer, we need to find all positive divisors of 12.
The positive divisors of 12 are the numbers that divide 12 without leaving a remainder: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 12.
There are 6 such positive integers.

We can verify each divisor:
If x=1, 2(1)+12 = 14, 14/1 = 14 (integer)
If x=2, 2(2)+12 = 16, 16/2 = 8 (integer)
If x=3, 2(3)+12 = 18, 18/3 = 6 (integer)
If x=4, 2(4)+12 = 20, 20/4 = 5 (integer)
If x=6, 2(6)+12 = 24, 24/6 = 4 (integer)
If x=12, 2(12)+12 = 36, 36/12 = 3 (integer)
All 6 values are valid.

44. Which one among the following is the most plausible explanation for th

Which one among the following is the most plausible explanation for the location of the Thar Desert in Western India ?

Prevalence of sand dunes

The evaporation of moisture by heat

The absence of mountains to the North of Rajasthan to cause orographic rainfall in it

The moisture carried by the South-West Monsoon is driven away by the dry upper air current

This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2014

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The most plausible explanation for the location of the Thar Desert in Western India is the influence of dry upper air currents that prevent rainfall despite the presence of moisture-laden monsoon winds.

The South-West Monsoon winds carry significant moisture from the Arabian Sea. However, over Western Rajasthan, there is a subsidence of dry air associated with the subtropical high-pressure belt. This descending dry air is stable and inhibits the formation of convective clouds necessary for rainfall. Furthermore, the Aravalli Range runs parallel to the direction of the monsoon winds, failing to act as an effective barrier to cause significant orographic rainfall on the windward side in this region, unlike the Western Ghats or the Himalayas. The combined effect of atmospheric circulation (descending dry air) and the topography contributes to the aridity. Option D directly addresses the primary meteorological cause.

Other factors like the sandy soil’s low water retention capacity and high temperatures leading to evaporation contribute to the desert environment, but the *location* is primarily determined by the large-scale atmospheric circulation pattern and topographical features relative to rain-bearing winds.

45. Nowadays a new term ‘jail breaking’ is in use. It implies a process :

Nowadays a new term ‘jail breaking’ is in use. It implies a process :

of running away from most secured jails of USA by hardcore criminals

that gives users the ability to install unauthorized software on certain types of phones

of breaking security system by hackers using WiMAX technology

of hacking authorized software from computers, laptop and mobiles

This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2014

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‘Jail breaking’ refers to the process of modifying the operating system of certain mobile phones (specifically Apple’s iOS devices like iPhones and iPads) to remove restrictions imposed by the manufacturer.

This process allows users to gain full access to the root of the operating system and install software from unofficial sources, customize the interface beyond standard options, and change system settings that are normally locked. It essentially liberates the device from the constraints of the official software ecosystem.

While jailbreaking allows greater control and flexibility, it also carries risks, including potentially voiding the warranty, making the device less secure against malware and vulnerabilities, and causing instability or performance issues. A similar process for Android devices is called ‘rooting’.

46. The right letters for question marks (?) in the following series are :

The right letters for question marks (?) in the following series are : A C B E C G D ? ?

M N

L E

G H

I E

This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2014

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The series A C B E C G D follows a pattern where letters alternate between two sequences. The next two letters are I and E.

The series is A C B E C G D ? ?
Observe the letters at odd positions (1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th, 9th): A, B, C, D, ?
This is a simple alphabetical sequence starting from A (1st letter of the alphabet), incrementing by one letter each time. The 9th letter in the overall series is at the 5th odd position, so it should be the 5th letter of the alphabet, which is E.

Observe the letters at even positions (2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th): C, E, G, ?
This is a sequence starting from C (3rd letter), incrementing by two letters each time (C+2=E, E+2=G). The 8th letter in the overall series is at the 4th even position. The sequence is C(3), E(5), G(7), I(9). The 4th letter in this sequence is I.

Combining these, the 8th letter is I and the 9th letter is E. The series continues as A C B E C G D I E.

Letter series questions often hide multiple patterns within a single sequence. It is useful to examine positions, differences between consecutive letters, or alternating subsequences. Converting letters to their numerical position in the alphabet can help identify arithmetic patterns.

47. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the code

Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the code given below the Lists :

List I (Wildlife Sanctuary)	List II (State)
A. Mahananda	1. Madhya Pradesh
B. Lakhari Valley	2. Uttar Pradesh
C. Pachmarhi	3. West Bengal
D. Chandra Prabha	4. Odisha

Code :
A B C D

3 4 1 2

3 1 4 2

2 1 4 3

2 4 1 3

This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2014

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The correct matching of Wildlife Sanctuaries to their States is: Mahananda – West Bengal, Lakhari Valley – Odisha, Pachmarhi – Madhya Pradesh, Chandra Prabha – Uttar Pradesh.

– Mahananda Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the Darjeeling district of West Bengal.
– Lakhari Valley Wildlife Sanctuary is situated in the Gajapati district of Odisha.
– Pachmarhi Wildlife Sanctuary is part of the larger Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve in Madhya Pradesh.
– Chandra Prabha Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the Chandauli district of Uttar Pradesh.

Knowledge of the geographical locations of National Parks, Wildlife Sanctuaries, and Biosphere Reserves in India is important for the UPSC exam. These areas are crucial for biodiversity conservation and often feature in environment and geography questions.

48. Pesticide treadmill refers to :

Pesticide treadmill refers to :

Increase in concentration of pesticides in the body of the organism

Increase in doses of pesticides to prevent the resurgence of pests that were being controlled

Development of resistance in plant due to excessive and prolonged use of pesticide

Production of more synthetic pesticides

This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2014

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Pesticide treadmill refers to the cycle where increasing amounts or more potent pesticides are needed because target pest populations develop resistance to the chemicals being used.

Pesticide resistance occurs through natural selection. When a pesticide is applied, it kills susceptible individuals, but some individuals with resistance genes survive. These survivors reproduce, passing on their resistance. Over time, the population becomes dominated by resistant individuals. This renders the original pesticide ineffective at its previous dose, requiring higher doses or the use of different, often stronger, pesticides to achieve control. This escalating use of pesticides is the “treadmill”.

This phenomenon has significant environmental and economic consequences, including increased costs for pest control, potential harm to non-target organisms, pollution of soil and water, and health risks associated with higher pesticide exposure. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) strategies aim to break this cycle by using a combination of methods (biological, cultural, physical, and chemical) to manage pests sustainably.

49. Consider the following information : Six books are kept one above t

Consider the following information :

Six books are kept one above the other
History book is just above Commerce book and Mathematics book is just above Civics book and just below Physics book
English book is between History and Civics books

Which book is between Mathematics book and English book ?

History

Commerce

Physics

Civics

This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2014

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The correct order of the books from top to bottom is Physics, Mathematics, Civics, English, History, Commerce.

The arrangement is deduced from the given rules:
1. History (H) is just above Commerce (C): H C (block)
2. Mathematics (M) is just above Civics (V): M V (part of block)
3. Mathematics (M) is just below Physics (P): P M (part of block) -> P M V (block)
4. English (E) is between History (H) and Civics (V): H E V or V E H.

Combining the blocks and the ‘between’ rule:
If the order is V E H, and we connect it to the blocks:
P M V (P above M above V)
V E H (V above E above H)
H C (H above C)
Combining these results in the sequence: P, M, V, E, H, C from top to bottom.
Physics
Mathematics
Civics
English
History
Commerce

Let’s verify the rules with this order:
– Six books: Yes.
– History just above Commerce: Yes (H is just above C).
– Mathematics just above Civics: Yes (M is just above V).
– Mathematics just below Physics: Yes (M is just below P, P is just above M). So P M V block is correct.
– English between History and Civics: Yes (E is between V and H in the V E H sequence part of the full order).

The question asks which book is between Mathematics (M) and English (E). In the derived order P, M, V, E, H, C, the books are ordered vertically. Mathematics (M) is above Civics (V), and English (E) is below Civics (V). Therefore, Civics (V) is between Mathematics (M) and English (E).

Solving such puzzles involves breaking down the clues into smaller positional relationships and then combining them logically to form a complete sequence. Visualizing the stack of books can be helpful.

50. The Kuroshio is a north flowing Ocean current on the west side of the

The Kuroshio is a north flowing Ocean current on the west side of the North Pacific Ocean. Which one among the following statements regarding this is not correct ?

It is similar to the Gulf Stream in the North Atlantic Ocean

It transports warm, tropical water northward towards the Polar region

The warm water of the Kuroshio current sustains the coral reefs of Japan

It begins off the coast of Japan and flows northward

This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2014

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The correct answer is It begins off the coast of Japan and flows northward.

Let’s examine each statement about the Kuroshio current:
A) It is similar to the Gulf Stream in the North Atlantic Ocean: Both are strong, warm, western boundary currents in the Northern Hemisphere. This statement is correct.
B) It transports warm, tropical water northward towards the Polar region: This is the primary function and characteristic of a warm current flowing poleward. This statement is correct.
C) The warm water of the Kuroshio current sustains the coral reefs of Japan: The warm waters allow coral reefs to exist in higher latitudes than they otherwise could. Southern Japan (Ryukyu Islands) and parts of the mainland coast influenced by the Kuroshio have coral reefs. This statement is correct.
D) It begins off the coast of Japan and flows northward: The Kuroshio current originates from the North Equatorial Current in the western Pacific, flowing westwards and then turning north near the Philippines and Taiwan. It then flows northward along the east coast of Japan before turning eastward into the North Pacific as the Kuroshio Extension. Therefore, it flows *along* the coast of Japan but does *not* begin there. Its origin is further south and west. This statement is incorrect.

The Kuroshio, also known as the Japan Current, plays a significant role in the climate and marine ecosystems of the region, influencing temperatures, precipitation patterns, and marine life distribution.