UPSC CAPF Archives

11. Which of the following movements address both sociological and ecologi

Which of the following movements address both sociological and ecological issues ?

The Trade Union movements in post-colonial India
Narmada Bachao Andolan
Jai Prakash Narain’s movement for total revolution
Chilka Bachao Andolan

Select the correct answer using the code given below :

1 and 3 only

2 and 4 only

1, 2 and 3 only

1, 2, 3 and 4

This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2009

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Sociological issues relate to society, social structures, rights, inequality, etc. Ecological issues relate to the environment, conservation, sustainability, etc.
1. Trade Union movements: Primarily sociological (workers’ rights, wages).
2. Narmada Bachao Andolan: Protest against dams, addressing displacement (sociological) and environmental impact (ecological).
3. Jai Prakash Narain’s movement: Broad socio-political reform, primarily sociological/political.
4. Chilka Bachao Andolan: Movement to protect Chilka Lake, addressing environmental degradation (ecological) and impacting the livelihoods of traditional fishing communities (sociological).
Therefore, movements 2 and 4 address both sociological and ecological issues.

Environmental movements in India often have strong socio-economic dimensions, linking ecological conservation with the livelihoods and rights of affected communities.

Many movements resisting large development projects in India (dams, mines, industrial plants) highlight both the environmental damage caused and the social costs, such as displacement, loss of livelihoods, and violation of rights, thus demonstrating the intertwined nature of ecological and sociological concerns.

12. Which of the following provisions is/are not directly covered in the d

Which of the following provisions is/are not directly covered in the definition of Domestic violence under the ‘Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005’ ?

Physical harm causing physical injury or pain to women

Mental injury such as emotional abuse, insult, harassment, repeated threats, demand for dowry, sexual abuse etc.

Non-sharing of house-hold work, non-caring attitude for children, unhealthy habits of living, late coming etc. (of the male partner)

Deprivation of economic or financial resources

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UPSC CAPF – 2009

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The Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005 defines “domestic violence” broadly but specifically categorizes it into physical abuse, sexual abuse, verbal and emotional abuse, and economic abuse. Options A, B (parts of it), and D clearly fall under these categories. Option C describes general behavioral issues like non-sharing of household work, non-caring attitude, unhealthy habits, and late coming. While these might cause distress, they are not directly covered as specific forms of ‘abuse’ under the Act’s definition of domestic violence unless they constitute or lead to one of the defined categories of abuse (e.g., non-provision of maintenance might fall under economic abuse, but simply not doing housework is not typically covered).

The definition of domestic violence under the 2005 Act is specific and categorized, not covering general marital disagreements or undesirable habits unless they constitute defined forms of abuse.

The Act provides a civil remedy for victims of domestic violence, allowing them to seek protection orders, residence orders, monetary relief, custody orders, and compensation orders from a Magistrate. It is meant to protect women from various forms of abuse within a domestic relationship.

13. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code

Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code given below :

List-I (Commission)	List-II (Issue)
A. Dar Commission	1. Assassination of Indira Gandhi
B. Kalelkar Commission	2. Ragging in educational institutions
C. Thakkar Commission	3. Demand for Linguistic States
	4. Backward Classes

Code :
A B C

3 4 1

3 2 4

1 2 4

1 4 2

This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2009

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Matching the commissions with their issues:
– Dar Commission (1948): Appointed to examine the feasibility of reorganization of states on a linguistic basis (Issue 3: Demand for Linguistic States).
– Kalelkar Commission (1953): The First Backward Classes Commission, chaired by Kaka Kalelkar (Issue 4: Backward Classes).
– Thakkar Commission (1984): Appointed to inquire into the assassination of Prime Minister Indira Gandhi (Issue 1: Assassination of Indira Gandhi).
Thus, the correct match is A-3, B-4, C-1.

Specific commissions were appointed in Indian history to address significant issues like state reorganization, social backwardness, and national security events.

The Dar Commission opposed linguistic reorganization, preferring administrative convenience. The Kalelkar Commission submitted its report in 1955 but its recommendations were not fully accepted by the government. The Thakkar Commission investigated the security lapses leading to Indira Gandhi’s assassination.

14. The National Legal Services Authority (NALSA) has been constituted und

The National Legal Services Authority (NALSA) has been constituted under the Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987. In this context which of the following statements is not correct ?

Hon'ble Chief Justice of Supreme Court is the Executive Chairman of the Authority

Its objective is to provide free and competent legal services to the weaker sections of the society on the basis of equal opportunity

It issues guidelines for the State Legal Services Authorities to implement the legal programmes and schemes throughout the country

To organize Lok Adalats for amicable settlement of disputes

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UPSC CAPF – 2009

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The question asks for the incorrect statement. Statement A is incorrect. The Chief Justice of India is the *Patron-in-Chief* of NALSA. The Executive Chairman of NALSA is a serving or retired judge of the Supreme Court nominated by the President in consultation with the Chief Justice of India. The Executive Chairman is the active head responsible for the Authority’s functioning.

The Chief Justice of India is the Patron-in-Chief, not the Executive Chairman, of the National Legal Services Authority (NALSA).

NALSA provides free legal aid to eligible persons, organizes Lok Adalats for alternative dispute resolution, and works to raise legal awareness. It aims to ensure that justice is not denied to any citizen merely on the grounds of economic or other disabilities. State Legal Services Authorities (SLSAs), District Legal Services Authorities (DLSAs), and Taluk Legal Services Committees are established at lower levels to implement these objectives.

15. Ministry of Women and Child Development adopted the Mission statement

Ministry of Women and Child Development adopted the Mission statement of ‘Budgeting for Gender Equality’ in 2004-05. In this context which of the following statement/statements is/are correct ?

1. It calls for incorporating a gender perspective at all levels and stages of the budgetary process.
2. It stands for providing safe shelter to displaced women.

Select the correct answer using the code given below :

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2009

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Statement 1 correctly describes a core principle of Gender Budgeting, which aims to analyze and influence the budget’s impact on women and men by incorporating a gender perspective throughout the budgetary cycle. Statement 2 describes a specific welfare measure, providing safe shelter, which *could* be funded through budget allocations, but it is not the definition or mission of gender budgeting itself, which is a process and analytical tool.

Gender budgeting is a tool for achieving gender equality by ensuring that public resources are allocated and spent in a way that addresses the needs and priorities of both women and men equitably.

Gender budgeting is not a separate budget but rather a lens through which the overall government budget is viewed to identify its gender impacts and make necessary adjustments. It involves gender-sensitive analysis of programs, policies, and expenditures. The Ministry of Women and Child Development is the nodal ministry for gender budgeting in India.

16. Agnimitra, the hero of Kalidasa’s Malavikagnimitra belonged to :

Agnimitra, the hero of Kalidasa’s Malavikagnimitra belonged to :

Sunga dynasty

Kanva dynasty

Satvahana dynasty

Gupta dynasty

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UPSC CAPF – 2009

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Agnimitra was the son and successor of Pushyamitra Shunga, the founder of the Shunga dynasty. Kalidasa’s play ‘Malavikagnimitram’ revolves around King Agnimitra, placing him firmly within the Shunga dynasty.

‘Malavikagnimitram’ is a historical play by Kalidasa featuring characters from the Shunga dynasty.

The Shunga dynasty succeeded the Mauryan dynasty in Magadha. Pushyamitra Shunga was a general under the last Mauryan king whom he overthrew. His son Agnimitra reigned after him. The play provides some insights into the courtly life and political climate of the period, although it is primarily a work of literature.

17. In Buddhist principle, the performance of Sila and the achievement of

In Buddhist principle, the performance of Sila and the achievement of Samadhi and Prajna lead to Nirvana. What does this Sila stand for ?

Mental control

Physical control

Development of insight

Strict penance

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UPSC CAPF – 2009

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In Buddhist principles, the path to Nirvana is often described through Sila (ethical conduct/morality), Samadhi (concentration/meditation/mental control), and Prajna (wisdom/insight). Sila involves adherence to precepts and ethical discipline, which includes controlling physical actions and speech according to moral principles. While Sila encompasses more than just physical actions (it includes speech and mental effort to maintain ethics), among the given options, “Physical control” is the closest description related to the ethical control over actions that Sila entails, differentiating it from purely mental control (Samadhi) or insight (Prajna).

Sila is the foundation of the Buddhist path, representing ethical conduct, morality, and discipline, essential for developing concentration (Samadhi) and wisdom (Prajna).

Sila is often translated as ‘virtue’, ‘morality’, ‘ethics’, or ‘discipline’. It involves following precepts such as not killing, not stealing, not engaging in sexual misconduct, not lying, and not taking intoxicants. These precepts directly involve controlling one’s physical actions and speech.

18. Which of the following statements about Bhadrabahu is/are correct ?

Which of the following statements about Bhadrabahu is/are correct ?

He was a Jain Saint.
He was spiritual teacher of Chandragupta Maurya.

Select the correct answer using the code given below :

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2009

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Statement 1 is correct because Bhadrabahu was a prominent Jain saint, head of the Digambara sect. Statement 2 is also considered correct in Jain tradition, which holds that Chandragupta Maurya converted to Jainism and became a disciple of Bhadrabahu, accompanying him on a migration to South India (Sravanabelagola).

Bhadrabahu is a significant figure in Jain history, particularly associated with the migration that led to the split into Digambara and Svetambara sects. His connection with Chandragupta Maurya is a notable tradition within Jainism.

While some historians debate the historicity of Chandragupta’s conversion and migration with Bhadrabahu, it remains a widely accepted tradition in Jain literature and is often mentioned in historical contexts related to the Maurya period and the development of Jainism. Bhadrabahu is also credited with writing important Jain texts like ‘Kalpa Sutra’ (though parts are attributed to later authors) and ‘Bhadrabahu Samhita’.

19. Consider the following statements about Indian trade and commerce in t

Consider the following statements about Indian trade and commerce in the medieval period :

India exported cotton piece goods to the wider world in the medieval period.
India received gold and silver from the wider world in lieu of her cotton goods.
India also supplied raw materials to the European industries in the medieval period.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

1 and 2

1 only

2 and 3

3 only

This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2009

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Statement 1 is correct. India was a major global exporter of cotton textiles, spices, indigo, and other goods throughout the medieval period, traded via overland and maritime routes. Statement 2 is correct. India generally maintained a favourable balance of trade in the medieval period, leading to an inflow of precious metals, particularly gold and silver, in exchange for its high-value exports. Statement 3 is incorrect. While India produced raw materials, its primary role in international trade during the medieval period was as a major exporter of *finished goods*, especially textiles. The pattern of being a supplier of raw materials to European industries and an importer of their manufactured goods became dominant during the *colonial* period, not the medieval period.

– Medieval India was a significant player in global trade, exporting finished products.
– The balance of trade was generally in India’s favour, leading to bullion imports.
– India became a major source of raw materials for European industries primarily during the colonial era, not the medieval period.

The shift from being an exporter of finished goods to an exporter of raw materials and an importer of finished goods is a defining characteristic of the economic impact of colonialism on India.

20. The Hindustan Republican Association was founded to :

The Hindustan Republican Association was founded to :

Set up a republican government in Hindustan

Organize armed rebellion in India

Persuade the Indian people to participate in elections

Encourage the Indian youth on to the path of socialism

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UPSC CAPF – 2009

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The Hindustan Republican Association (HRA), founded in 1924, was a revolutionary organization whose primary objective was to overthrow British rule in India through organized armed rebellion and establish a Federal Republic of the United States of India. While establishing a republic was the ultimate goal, the association was founded specifically to *organize* the means to achieve this, which was armed revolution or rebellion. Therefore, organizing armed rebellion in India (Option B) is the most accurate description of what the association was founded to *do*.

– HRA was a revolutionary nationalist organization founded in 1924 by figures like Ram Prasad Bismil, Sachindra Nath Sanyal, and Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee.
– Their stated aim was to achieve independence through revolution.
– They carried out actions like the Kakori Conspiracy (1925) to fund their revolutionary activities.

The HRA was later reorganized as the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA) in 1928, with the inclusion of Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev, and Rajguru, adding a socialist objective to their goal of a republic via armed struggle.