UPSC CAPF

11. If India adopts two time zones based on 75° E meridian for western Ind

If India adopts two time zones based on 75° E meridian for western India and 90° E meridian for eastern India, which one among the following states of eastern India will be benefited most ?

Manipur
West Bengal
Assam
Bihar
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2011
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India currently uses a single time zone based on 82.5° E longitude (IST). States located further east experience sunrise and sunset significantly earlier than the clock time suggests, leading to practical issues like late starts to the day according to solar time. Adopting a second time zone based on 90° E would align clock time better with solar time for eastern states. The benefit would be most pronounced for states located furthest to the east, as the difference between their solar time and the current IST is largest. Among the given options of eastern Indian states, Manipur is geographically located furthest to the east. Therefore, it would experience the greatest positive impact from a separate eastern time zone based on 90° E.
The need for separate time zones in India is primarily felt in the extreme eastern states due to the large longitudinal extent of the country, causing a significant difference between local solar time and the standard time based on 82.5° E.
The difference in solar time between the easternmost and westernmost points of India is approximately two hours. States like Arunachal Pradesh in the extreme east see sunrise as early as 4 AM IST in summer. A separate time zone for the northeast region, based on a more easterly meridian like 90° E or 97.5° E, has been proposed multiple times to address this issue, which impacts productivity and energy consumption.

12. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the code

Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the code given below the lists :

List I
(Border)		 List II
(Guarding force)
A. India – Pakistan 1. Indo-Tibetan Police Force
B. India – Nepal 2. Border Security Force
C. India – China 3. Sashashtra Seema Bal
D. India – Myanmar 4. Assam Rifles

Code :

2 3 1 4
4 3 1 2
2 3 4 1
4 1 3 2
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2011
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The Border Security Force (BSF) is primarily responsible for guarding India’s land border with Pakistan and Bangladesh. The Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB) guards the borders with Nepal and Bhutan. The Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP) guards the border with China (along with the Army in certain sectors). The Assam Rifles is responsible for guarding the border with Myanmar. Therefore, the correct match is A-2, B-3, C-1, D-4. This corresponds to option A in the given codes.
Different Central Armed Police Forces (CAPFs) and other forces are assigned specific international borders of India for security and management.
Other forces involved in border guarding or internal security in border areas include the Army, Coast Guard, and state police forces, depending on the specific threat perception and terrain. The ITBP is deployed along the mountainous Indo-China border. The SSB replaced the Special Service Bureau (SSB) for guarding the open borders with Nepal and Bhutan. The Assam Rifles is the oldest paramilitary force in India and primarily operates in the Northeast, guarding the Myanmar border.

13. What is the ratio of the number of boys who speak English to that of g

What is the ratio of the number of boys who speak English to that of girls who do so ?

5 : 9
5 : 8
3 : 5
9 : 5
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UPSC CAPF – 2011
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Based on the data related to language speakers (which is not provided here), the total number of boys who speak English and the total number of girls who speak English are in the ratio 5:8.
This ratio is obtained by dividing the total number of boys speaking English (English only + both) by the total number of girls speaking English (English only + both), as given in the original data set, and simplifying the resulting fraction.
To solve this, one would calculate the total number of boys speaking English and the total number of girls speaking English from the provided data and then determine their ratio. The specific ratio ‘5:8’ results from the particular totals in the original data source for the question.

14. How many girls can speak Hindi ?

How many girls can speak Hindi ?

22
23
27
29
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UPSC CAPF – 2011
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Based on the data related to language speakers (which is not provided here), the total number of girls who can speak Hindi (either Hindi only or both English and Hindi) is 23.
This number is the sum of girls who speak Hindi only and girls who speak both languages, as derived from the original data set.
In a Venn diagram for girls, this would be the total number of girls within the ‘Hindi speakers’ circle. The specific number ’23’ is the sum of these two groups as given in the original data source for the question.

15. What is the ratio of number of boys who speak Hindi only to that of gi

What is the ratio of number of boys who speak Hindi only to that of girls who speak Hindi only ?

10 : 11
11 : 10
2 : 5
3 : 5
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2011
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Based on the data related to language speakers (which is not provided here), the number of boys who speak Hindi only and the number of girls who speak Hindi only are in the ratio 3:5.
This ratio is obtained by dividing the number of boys speaking only Hindi by the number of girls speaking only Hindi, as given in the original data set, and simplifying the resulting fraction.
To solve this, one would identify the count of boys speaking only Hindi and the count of girls speaking only Hindi from the provided data and then calculate their ratio. The specific ratio ‘3:5’ results from the particular counts in the original data source for the question.

16. What is the number of girls who speak English only ?

What is the number of girls who speak English only ?

10
12
20
22
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2011
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Based on the data related to language speakers (which is not provided here), the number of girls who speak English only is found to be 12.
This value represents the subset of girls who speak English but do not speak Hindi, according to the original data set.
In a Venn diagram representation for girls, this would be the part of the ‘English speakers’ circle that does not overlap with the ‘Hindi speakers’ circle. The specific number ’12’ is derived directly from the counts provided in the original data source for the question.

17. What is the number of boys who speak both the languages ?

What is the number of boys who speak both the languages ?

4
5
3
2
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2011
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Based on the data related to language speakers (which is not provided here), the number of boys who speak both languages is calculated to be 5.
This value represents the intersection of the set of boys and the set of students speaking both English and Hindi in the given data.
Problems of this type usually involve interpreting a Venn diagram or a table showing the distribution of students based on gender and language proficiency. The specific number ‘5’ is a direct result of this distribution in the original data source for the question.

18. The first large research reactor of India that uses U-233 as fuel is

The first large research reactor of India that uses U-233 as fuel is

ZERLINA
PURNIMA
DHRUVA
KAMINI
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2011
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KAMINI (Kalpakkam Mini Reactor) is a research reactor located at the Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research (IGCAR), Kalpakkam. It is the first reactor in the world that uses Uranium-233 (U-233) as fuel. While its power output is low (30 kWt), making the term “large” somewhat inaccurate compared to reactors like DHRUVA (100 MWt), it is an operational research reactor specifically designed to study U-233 fuel, which is key to India’s thorium fuel cycle program. ZERLINA and PURNIMA-II also used U-233 but were zero or very low power experimental assemblies used for specific lattice studies rather than continuous research operation. DHRUVA is India’s largest research reactor but uses natural uranium.
KAMINI is the only operational reactor in India listed that uses U-233 fuel. It is specifically designed for research purposes related to the thorium fuel cycle.
India has pursued a three-stage nuclear power program aimed at utilizing its vast thorium reserves. The thorium cycle involves breeding U-233 from thorium. KAMINI plays a role in studying the characteristics of U-233 fuel. It achieved criticality in 1996.

19. Steam at 100°C is more effective in heating than water at the same tem

Steam at 100°C is more effective in heating than water at the same temperature because

steam is in the gaseous state and water is in the liquid state
steam has an additional heat known as 'latent heat of vaporization'
water has hydrogen bonds but steam does not
transfer of heat from steam is easier than water
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2011
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The correct option is B. Steam at 100°C is more effective in heating than water at 100°C because steam possesses additional energy in the form of latent heat of vaporization. This is the energy absorbed by water to change its state from liquid to gas at its boiling point (100°C) without a change in temperature. When steam comes into contact with a cooler surface, it condenses back into water at 100°C, releasing this large amount of latent heat, which is then transferred to the surface being heated. Water at 100°C does not have this stored latent heat to release upon changing state.
The question asks why steam at the same temperature as water is a more efficient heating medium. The key concept is latent heat.
The latent heat of vaporization of water at 100°C is approximately 2260 kJ/kg (or 540 cal/g). This means that condensing 1 kg of steam at 100°C to water at 100°C releases 2260 kJ of heat, which is significantly more than the heat released by simply cooling 1 kg of water from 100°C. This large amount of heat released upon condensation makes steam very effective for heating applications like steam engines, industrial processes, and steam burns.

20. Which one among the following statements is correct ?

Which one among the following statements is correct ?

Melting of ice and burning of candle represent the same kind of chemical change
Melting of ice is a physical change and burning of candle is a chemical change
Melting of ice is a chemical change and burning of candle is a physical change
Melting of ice and burning of candle represent the same kind of physical change
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2011
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The correct option is B. Melting of ice is a physical change because water changes its state from solid (ice) to liquid (water), but its chemical composition (H₂O) remains the same. Burning of a candle is a chemical change because the wax (a complex hydrocarbon) reacts with oxygen in the air to produce new substances like carbon dioxide, water vapor, soot, heat, and light.
The question differentiates between physical changes (alteration in form, not composition) and chemical changes (formation of new substances).
Other examples of physical changes include boiling, freezing, condensation, sublimation, breaking glass, and dissolving salt in water (where the salt can be recovered). Examples of chemical changes include rusting of iron, cooking food, digestion, photosynthesis, and explosion of fireworks.
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