UPSC NDA-2

41. The pH value of Milk of Magnesia is approximately

The pH value of Milk of Magnesia is approximately

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Zero
7
10
14
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UPSC NDA-2 – 2021
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Milk of Magnesia is a suspension of magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)₂). Magnesium hydroxide is a base. Bases have pH values greater than 7. Milk of Magnesia is a mild base commonly used as an antacid and laxative. Its pH value is approximately 10 to 11. Among the given options, 10 is the closest value.
– Milk of Magnesia is magnesium hydroxide, a basic substance.
– Its pH is alkaline, typically in the range of 10-11.
Antacids work by neutralizing excess stomach acid (hydrochloric acid). The reaction between Mg(OH)₂ and HCl is: Mg(OH)₂(s) + 2HCl(aq) → MgCl₂(aq) + 2H₂O(l).

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42. The maiden Indian Navy – European Union Naval Force (IN-EUNAVFOR) Exer

The maiden Indian Navy – European Union Naval Force (IN-EUNAVFOR) Exercise (2021) was conducted in

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Gulf of Mannar
Gulf of Aden
Gulf of Khambhat
Gulf of Aqaba
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The maiden joint naval exercise between the Indian Navy and the European Union Naval Force (EUNAVFOR) took place in the Gulf of Aden in June 2021.
– The exercise involved warships from the Indian Navy, Italian Navy, Spanish Navy, and French Navy.
– The location in the Gulf of Aden is strategically important due to its proximity to major shipping lanes and concerns about piracy.
The exercise aimed to enhance interoperability and mutual understanding between the participating navies, promoting security and stability in maritime zones. EUNAVFOR operates under Operation Atalanta, focused on counter-piracy off the coast of Somalia and in the Gulf of Aden and Arabian Sea.

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43. Kenneth Kaunda, who died recently at the age of 97, was the former pre

Kenneth Kaunda, who died recently at the age of 97, was the former president of

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Brazil
Mexico
Zambia
South Sudan
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Kenneth Kaunda, a prominent figure in African independence movements, served as the first President of Zambia from 1964 to 1991. He passed away in June 2021 at the age of 97.
– Kenneth Kaunda led Zambia to independence from British rule.
– He was a key figure in the anti-apartheid movement and non-aligned movement.
Kaunda’s philosophy was known as Zambian Humanism. After losing the presidency in Zambia’s first multi-party election in 1991, he became involved in numerous charitable organizations.

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44. Which one of the following is the theme of the International Day of Yo

Which one of the following is the theme of the International Day of Yoga 2021 ?

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Yoga at home and yoga with family
Yoga for climate action
Yoga for well-being
Yoga for peace
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The theme of the International Day of Yoga observed on June 21, 2021, was “Yoga for Well-being”.
– The International Day of Yoga is celebrated annually on June 21.
– The theme for 2021 focused on the holistic benefits of yoga for physical and mental health, particularly relevant during the global pandemic.
The idea of an International Day of Yoga was first proposed by India’s Prime Minister Narendra Modi during his speech at the UN General Assembly in September 2014. The United Nations declared June 21 as the International Day of Yoga on December 11, 2014. The theme for 2020 was “Yoga at home and yoga with family”.

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45. ‘Belt and Road Initiative’ is a foreign policy initiative of

‘Belt and Road Initiative’ is a foreign policy initiative of

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China
United States of America
Canada
Japan
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The ‘Belt and Road Initiative’ (BRI) is a global infrastructure development strategy adopted by the Chinese government in 2013. It aims to invest in infrastructure projects globally, including railways, highways, ports, and energy pipelines.
– BRI is a signature foreign policy initiative of the People’s Republic of China.
– It encompasses a vast network of infrastructure projects across Asia, Europe, Africa, and the Americas.
Originally known as “One Belt One Road” (OBOR), it comprises the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road. Critics have raised concerns about debt sustainability, environmental impact, and transparency of the projects involved in the initiative.

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46. Economist Rebeca Grynspan, who recently became the first woman to be a

Economist Rebeca Grynspan, who recently became the first woman to be appointed as the head of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), hails from

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Germany
Poland
Costa Rica
Mexico
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The correct answer is C, Costa Rica. Economist Rebeca Grynspan, the first woman appointed as the head of UNCTAD, hails from Costa Rica.
Rebeca Grynspan was appointed as the Secretary-General of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) in June 2021. She assumed office on 13 September 2021. She is an economist and served as the Second Vice President of Costa Rica from 1994 to 1998.
UNCTAD is a permanent intergovernmental body established by the United Nations General Assembly in 1964. It deals with trade, investment, and development issues, particularly as they relate to developing countries. Rebeca Grynspan’s appointment as the first woman and Central American to lead UNCTAD was a significant event.

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47. Who among the following is the winner of the French Open 2021 Men’s Si

Who among the following is the winner of the French Open 2021 Men’s Singles Final ?

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Novak Djokovic
Rafael Nadal
Stefanos Tsitsipas
Daniil Medvedev
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The correct answer is A, Novak Djokovic. Novak Djokovic won the French Open 2021 Men’s Singles Final.
Novak Djokovic defeated Stefanos Tsitsipas in the final of the French Open Men’s Singles in June 2021. Djokovic came back from two sets down to win the match in five sets (6–7, 2–6, 6–3, 6–2, 6–4), securing his second French Open title and 19th Grand Slam title overall.
Rafael Nadal, a dominant player at the French Open, was defeated by Novak Djokovic in a memorable semi-final match. Stefanos Tsitsipas was the runner-up in the final. Daniil Medvedev was eliminated in the first round. This win made Djokovic the first man in the Open Era to win each Grand Slam tournament at least twice.

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48. Operation Olivia, an initiative to protect Olive Ridley turtles, is un

Operation Olivia, an initiative to protect Olive Ridley turtles, is undertaken by

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Indian Navy
Indian Coast Guard
Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
Ministry of Earth Sciences
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The correct answer is B, Indian Coast Guard. Operation Olivia, an initiative to protect Olive Ridley turtles, is undertaken annually by the Indian Coast Guard.
Operation Olivia is a yearly exercise conducted by the Indian Coast Guard along the coast of Odisha (and sometimes parts of Andhra Pradesh) from November to May. Its purpose is to protect the Olive Ridley sea turtles that visit the coastal waters, particularly near nesting sites like Gahirmatha Marine Sanctuary, for breeding and nesting. The operation involves extensive surveillance to prevent illegal trawling and fishing activities that can harm the turtles.
The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change is the nodal ministry for conservation efforts, but the operational implementation of anti-poaching and protection patrols in coastal waters is primarily the responsibility of the Indian Coast Guard. The Indian Navy is primarily responsible for national defence. The Ministry of Earth Sciences focuses on research and related services concerning earth systems.

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49. Which one of the following nations is not a permanent member of G7 ?

Which one of the following nations is not a permanent member of G7 ?

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India
Canada
France
Italy
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The correct answer is A, India. India is not a permanent member of the G7 group.
The Group of Seven (G7) is an intergovernmental political forum consisting of seven major advanced economies: Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The heads of government of the member states meet at the annual G7 Summit.
Canada, France, and Italy are among the seven permanent members of the G7. India is a major emerging economy and is a member of the G20. India is often invited as a guest nation to G7 summits to participate in discussions on specific global issues, but it is not a permanent member of the group.

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50. Who among the following is the lone Indian Cricketer included in the I

Who among the following is the lone Indian Cricketer included in the ICC Hall of Fame special inductions to mark the inaugural ICC World Test Championship Final ?

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Dilip Vengsarkar
Ravi Shastri
Mohinder Amarnath
Vinoo Mankad
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The correct answer is D, Vinoo Mankad. Vinoo Mankad was the lone Indian cricketer included in the special inductions into the ICC Hall of Fame to mark the inaugural ICC World Test Championship Final in 2021.
In June 2021, the International Cricket Council (ICC) inducted 10 players into its Hall of Fame ahead of the World Test Championship Final. This was a special edition induction recognising players from different eras of Test cricket.
The 10 cricketers inducted in this special list were from five different eras: Aubrey Faulkner (South Africa), Monty Noble (Australia), Sir Learie Constantine (West Indies), Stan McCabe (Australia), Ted Dexter (England), Vinoo Mankad (India), Desmond Haynes (West Indies), Bob Willis (England), Frank Worrell (West Indies), and Kumar Sangakkara (Sri Lanka). From the options provided, only Vinoo Mankad was part of this list. Vinoo Mankad was a legendary Indian all-rounder known for his batting, bowling, and fielding.

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