UPSC NDA-2

31. Arrange the following Indian cities according to their locations from

Arrange the following Indian cities according to their locations from west to east :
1. Bilaspur
2. Jodhpur
3. Bhopal
4. Ranchi
Select the correct answer using the code given below :

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3-2-1-4
2-3-1-4
4-1-2-3
2-1-3-4
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The correct answer is B) 2-3-1-4.
Arranging the cities from west to east based on their geographical locations:
1. Jodhpur (Rajasthan) is in western India.
2. Bhopal (Madhya Pradesh) is in central India, east of Rajasthan.
3. Bilaspur (Chhattisgarh) is further east of Bhopal.
4. Ranchi (Jharkhand) is in eastern India, east of Chhattisgarh.
Approximate longitudes:
– Jodhpur: ~73.0° E
– Bhopal: ~77.4° E
– Bilaspur: ~82.1° E
– Ranchi: ~85.3° E
The order from west to east is indeed Jodhpur (2), Bhopal (3), Bilaspur (1), Ranchi (4).

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32. Rudraprayag is situated at the confluence of rivers Alaknanda and

Rudraprayag is situated at the confluence of rivers Alaknanda and

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Bhagirathi
Mandakini
Nandakini
Dhauliganga
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The correct answer is B) Mandakini.
Rudraprayag is one of the five sacred river confluences (Panch Prayag) in the Garhwal Himalayas of Uttarakhand, India. It is located at the confluence of the Alaknanda and Mandakini rivers.
The other Panch Prayags are:
– Devprayag: Alaknanda and Bhagirathi (where the Ganga river is formed)
– Vishnuprayag: Alaknanda and Dhauliganga
– Nandprayag: Alaknanda and Nandakini
– Karnaprayag: Alaknanda and Pindar

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33. Taklamakan Desert is situated in

Taklamakan Desert is situated in

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Western Asia
Southern fringe of Sahara in Africa
South America
Central Asia
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The Taklamakan Desert is a large desert located in Northwest China, within the Tarim Basin in Xinjiang. This region is geographically considered part of Central Asia.
The Taklamakan Desert is situated in the Tarim Basin of Xinjiang, China, which falls within the geographical scope of Central Asia.
Central Asia is a vast region stretching from the Caspian Sea in the west to China and Mongolia in the east. It includes countries like Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Kazakhstan, as well as parts of neighbouring countries like Afghanistan, Iran, Russia, and China (including Xinjiang).

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34. Mariana Trench is located in the ocean floor of

Mariana Trench is located in the ocean floor of

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Southern Atlantic Ocean
Western Pacific Ocean
Eastern Pacific Ocean
Northern Atlantic Ocean
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The Mariana Trench is located in the western Pacific Ocean, east of the Mariana Islands. It is the deepest known part of the world’s oceans.
The Mariana Trench is the deepest oceanic trench on Earth, situated in the western Pacific Ocean.
The deepest point within the trench is known as the Challenger Deep. Oceanic trenches are characteristic features of convergent plate boundaries, where one tectonic plate is subducting beneath another.

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35. Which one of the following associations was founded in London by Dadab

Which one of the following associations was founded in London by Dadabhai Naoroji in 1866 ?

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The Bengal British India Society
The East India Association
The British Indian Association
The Madras Native Association
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The East India Association was founded by Dadabhai Naoroji along with some retired British officials and Indian residents in London in 1866. Its main objective was to discuss questions relating to India and to influence public opinion in England for the welfare of India. It was a prominent platform for Indian nationalist views in Britain.
The East India Association (1866, London) was a significant organization established by Dadabhai Naoroji to represent Indian interests in Britain.
The Bengal British India Society was founded in Calcutta in 1843. The British Indian Association was formed in Calcutta in 1851 by the merger of the Landholders’ Society and the Bengal British India Society. The Madras Native Association was founded in Madras in 1852. These were all important early political associations in India.

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36. Which one of the following about the Swadeshi Campaign in 1896 is not

Which one of the following about the Swadeshi Campaign in 1896 is not correct ?

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Its centre was Maharashtra
Its main participants were students
It opposed the levy of tariff on imports
It publicly burnt foreign clothes
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The Swadeshi campaign aimed at promoting Indian goods and industries and boycotting foreign goods. The economic logic behind this was to protect nascent Indian industries from foreign competition. Therefore, a Swadeshi campaign would generally support measures that make foreign goods more expensive, such as the levy of tariffs on imports. Opposing the levy of tariffs on imports would make foreign goods cheaper and undermine the objective of promoting Swadeshi industries. The Swadeshi spirit, especially in the 1890s context (e.g., cotton excise duties agitation), involved demanding protection for Indian industries. Thus, statement C, which claims it opposed the levy of tariff on imports, is incorrect.
Swadeshi movement fundamentally advocated for the use of domestically produced goods and the boycott of foreign goods, often implying a stance in favour of protective tariffs on imports to benefit Indian industries.
While the most prominent Swadeshi movement is associated with the 1905 partition of Bengal, the idea of Swadeshi and the advocacy for Indian industries existed earlier. Figures like M.G. Ranade and G.K. Gokhale discussed and promoted Swadeshi principles in the late 19th century. Maharashtra was indeed a centre for such ideas. Student involvement and public burning of foreign clothes became prominent methods of protest, especially in the post-1905 movement, though discussions and advocacy of such methods could have existed earlier.

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37. Who among the following is the author of the book ‘The Indian Struggle

Who among the following is the author of the book ‘The Indian Struggle, 1920 – 1934’ ?

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Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
Jayprakash Narayan
Subhash Chandra Bose
Manabendra Nath Roy
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‘The Indian Struggle, 1920 – 1934’ is a well-known book authored by Subhash Chandra Bose. It provides his perspective on the Indian independence movement during this crucial period, covering events like the Non-Cooperation Movement, the Swaraj Party, the Simon Commission, the Civil Disobedience Movement, and various political developments.
Subhash Chandra Bose’s ‘The Indian Struggle’ is a primary source for understanding the Indian nationalist movement from his point of view during the 1920s and early 1930s.
Maulana Abul Kalam Azad authored ‘India Wins Freedom’, covering the period leading up to and including partition. Jayprakash Narayan was a key figure in the later stages of the independence movement and post-independence politics. Manabendra Nath Roy was a pioneer of the communist movement in India.

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38. Who among the following used the term Industrial Revolution for the fi

Who among the following used the term Industrial Revolution for the first time in English to describe the changes that occurred in the British industrial development between 1760 and 1820 ?

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Friedrich Engels
Eric Hobsbawm
Arnold Toynbee
Georges Michelet
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Arnold Toynbee, a British historian and economist, is credited with using the term “Industrial Revolution” in English for the first time in a systematic and widely influential manner to describe the major economic and social changes in Britain between roughly 1760 and 1820. His lectures on the subject, delivered in 1880-81 and published posthumously as “Lectures on the Industrial Revolution in England”, popularized the term in English academic circles. While the term had been used earlier by others (like Georges Michelet in French or Engels in German/English), Toynbee’s work defined the specific period and context commonly associated with the term in English historical scholarship.
Arnold Toynbee’s lectures and subsequent book (1884) were instrumental in establishing the concept and terminology of the “Industrial Revolution” in English historical discourse.
Friedrich Engels used the term in “The Condition of the Working Class in England” (1845). Georges Michelet, a French historian, is believed to have used the term in 1846 in his book “Le Peuple”. However, Toynbee’s work specifically focused on and popularized the term for the British context of the late 18th and early 19th centuries within English academia.

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39. Which one of the following is not a subject that has been devolved t

Which one of the following is not a subject that has been devolved to the Panchayati Raj Institutions by the 11th Schedule of the Constitution of India ?

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Non-conventional energy resources
Roads
Higher education
Libraries
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The 11th Schedule of the Constitution of India lists 29 subjects devolved to the Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) for their planning and implementation. Among the given options, “Higher education” is not one of the subjects listed in the 11th Schedule. Education listed in the schedule (Item 17) is generally interpreted as primary and secondary education, not higher education.
The 11th Schedule enumerates the functional items placed within the purview of Panchayats under Article 243G of the Constitution, added by the 73rd Amendment Act, 1992.
Subjects listed in the 11th Schedule include minor irrigation, land improvement, animal husbandry, fisheries, social forestry, small scale industries, rural housing, drinking water, poverty alleviation programmes, education (primary and secondary), libraries, cultural activities, markets and fairs, health and sanitation, family welfare, women and child development, social welfare, public distribution system, maintenance of community assets, etc. Non-conventional energy resources (Item 6), Roads (Item 13), and Libraries (Item 18) are explicitly listed.

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40. Which one of the following was set as a target of average growth of GD

Which one of the following was set as a target of average growth of GDP of India over the plan period 2012 – 2017 by the Approach Paper to the Twelfth Five Year Plan ?

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7 percent
8 percent
9 percent
10 percent
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The Approach Paper to the Twelfth Five Year Plan (2012-2017) initially set a target for average annual GDP growth rate of 9 percent for the plan period. This target was ambitious and was later revised downwards due to prevailing domestic and global economic conditions.
The Twelfth Five Year Plan’s original growth target, as outlined in the Approach Paper, was 9%.
The actual growth rate achieved during the 12th Plan period was significantly lower than the initial target, closer to 7% on average, reflecting economic slowdowns. The Planning Commission was replaced by NITI Aayog in 2015, midway through the 12th Plan period. The 12th Plan was the last formal Five Year Plan in India.

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