UPSC NDA-2

11. The speakers of major Indian languages belong to how many language fam

The speakers of major Indian languages belong to how many language families ?

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Two
Three
Four
Six
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UPSC NDA-2 – 2020
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The correct answer is C) Four.
Major Indian languages belong primarily to four language families: Indo-European (specifically the Indo-Aryan branch), Dravidian, Austroasiatic, and Sino-Tibetan.
The vast majority of India’s population speaks languages from the Indo-European and Dravidian families. The Austroasiatic and Sino-Tibetan families are spoken by smaller, but significant, populations, mainly in eastern, central, and Himalayan regions. While other minor language families or isolates exist (like Andamanese), the four listed are considered the major families spoken in India.

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12. According to Census of India, 2011, which one among the following is t

According to Census of India, 2011, which one among the following is the least populated state in India ?

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Maharashtra
Madhya Pradesh
Odisha
Punjab
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The correct answer is D) Punjab.
According to the Census of India, 2011, among the given options, Punjab had the lowest population. Its population was approximately 27.7 million.
Comparing with other options based on Census 2011 data: Maharashtra (approx 112.4 million), Madhya Pradesh (approx 72.6 million), Odisha (approx 41.9 million). While Sikkim is the least populated state in India overall, among the choices provided, Punjab has the minimum population.

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13. Which one of the following Indian states does NOT share international

Which one of the following Indian states does NOT share international border with two or more countries ?

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Arunachal Pradesh
Assam
Mizoram
Tripura
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The correct answer is D) Tripura.
Tripura shares an international border with only one country, Bangladesh, which surrounds it on its north, west, and south sides.
Let’s examine the other options:
A) Arunachal Pradesh shares borders with Bhutan, China, and Myanmar (three countries).
B) Assam shares borders with Bhutan and Bangladesh (two countries).
C) Mizoram shares borders with Bangladesh and Myanmar (two countries).
Thus, Tripura is the only state among the given options that shares an international border with only one country.

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14. Krishna Raja Sagara Dam/Reservoir is developed on

Krishna Raja Sagara Dam/Reservoir is developed on

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river Krishna
river Tungabhadra
river Godavari
river Kavery
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The correct answer is D) river Kavery.
The Krishna Raja Sagara Dam (KRS Dam) is built across the Kaveri (Cauvery) river in the state of Karnataka, India. The reservoir created by the dam is also known as Krishna Raja Sagara.
The dam was constructed by Bharat Ratna Sir M. Visvesvaraya, then Diwan of Mysore, during the reign of Krishnaraja Wadiyar IV of Mysore. It is a major source of irrigation water for the surrounding areas and also provides drinking water to Mysore and Bengaluru cities.

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15. Which one of the following cities is associated with Biosafety Protoco

Which one of the following cities is associated with Biosafety Protocol to the Convention on Biological Diversity (2000) ?

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Geneva
Nairobi
Cartagena
Rio de Janeiro
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The correct answer is C) Cartagena.
The Biosafety Protocol to the Convention on Biological Diversity is officially known as the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety. It was adopted in Montreal on January 29, 2000, and entered into force on September 11, 2003.
The protocol is named after Cartagena, Colombia, where an extraordinary meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity was held in February 1999 with the aim of finalizing the text of the Protocol. Although the final agreement was reached later in Montreal, the name “Cartagena” was retained. Rio de Janeiro hosted the Earth Summit in 1992 where the Convention on Biological Diversity itself was adopted.

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16. Deendayal Port is located at

Deendayal Port is located at

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Kerala
Gujarat
Maharashtra
Goa
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Deendayal Port, formerly known as Kandla Port, is located in Gujarat.
– Deendayal Port is one of the twelve major ports of India.
– It is located on the Gulf of Kutch, on the west coast of India.
– Kandla Port was renamed as Deendayal Port Trust by the Government of India in 2017 to honour Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya.
– It is a significant port for trade, handling a large volume of cargo, particularly petroleum, chemicals, and iron ore.

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17. Which of the following statements is NOT correct regarding the travel

Which of the following statements is NOT correct regarding the travel of sound waves ?

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Sound waves can travel through water
Sound waves can travel through air
Sound waves can travel through steel
Sound waves can travel through vacuum
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Sound waves are mechanical waves, which means they require a medium (like solid, liquid, or gas) to travel. They cannot travel through a vacuum.
– Sound propagates through a medium by causing vibrations in the particles of that medium.
– In a vacuum, there are virtually no particles, so there is no medium for the sound waves to propagate through.
– Options A, B, and C state that sound waves can travel through water (liquid), air (gas), and steel (solid), respectively. These statements are correct as these are all forms of matter that can act as mediums for sound transmission.
– This is why sound cannot be heard in outer space, which is essentially a vacuum.

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18. A liquid is kept in a glass beaker. Which one of the following stateme

A liquid is kept in a glass beaker. Which one of the following statements is correct regarding the pressure exerted by the liquid column at the base of the beaker ?

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The pressure depends on the area of the base of the beaker
The pressure depends on the height of liquid column
The pressure does not depend on the density of the liquid
The pressure neither depends on the area of the base of the beaker nor on the height of liquid column
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The pressure exerted by a liquid column at the base of the beaker depends on the height of the liquid column.
– The pressure exerted by a column of liquid at a depth ‘h’ is given by the formula P = ρgh, where:
– P is the pressure
– ρ (rho) is the density of the liquid
– g is the acceleration due to gravity
– h is the height of the liquid column
– The formula P = ρgh shows that liquid pressure depends directly on the density of the liquid, the acceleration due to gravity, and the height (or depth) of the liquid column.
– It is independent of the shape of the container or the area of the base, as long as the height and density are the same (this is known as the hydrostatic paradox).

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19. Vinegar is also known as

Vinegar is also known as

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ethanoic acid
nitric acid
sulphuric acid
tartaric acid
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Vinegar is primarily an aqueous solution of acetic acid, which is also known by its IUPAC name, ethanoic acid.
– Acetic acid (CH₃COOH) is a weak organic acid.
– Culinary vinegar typically contains 5% to 8% acetic acid by volume.
– Acetic acid is produced industrially and also biologically by the fermentation of ethanol by acetic acid bacteria.
– It is widely used in cooking, as a preservative, and for cleaning purposes.

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20. The number of maximum electrons in N Shell is

The number of maximum electrons in N Shell is

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2
8
18
32
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According to the rules governing electron shells, the maximum number of electrons in the N shell (n=4) is 32.
– Electron shells are designated by principal quantum numbers (n), starting from n=1 for the innermost shell (K shell).
– The formula for the maximum number of electrons that can occupy a shell with principal quantum number ‘n’ is 2n².
– For the N shell, n=4.
– Applying the formula 2n² for n=4: Maximum electrons = 2 * (4)² = 2 * 16 = 32.
– The distribution of electrons in shells follows specific rules, filling the lower energy shells first, but the maximum capacity is given by 2n².

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