UPSC NDA-1

11. Which one of the following statements with regard to the Comptroller a

Which one of the following statements with regard to the Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) of India is NOT correct ?

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He is appointed by the President of India
He can be removed from office in the same way as the judge of the Supreme Court of India
The CAG is eligible for further office under the Government of India after he has ceased to hold his office
The salary of the CAG is charged upon the Consolidated Fund of India
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Statement C, “The CAG is eligible for further office under the Government of India after he has ceased to hold his office,” is NOT correct. Article 148(4) of the Constitution states that the Comptroller and Auditor General shall not be eligible for further office either under the Government of India or under the Government of any State after he has ceased to hold his office. This provision is designed to ensure the independence of the CAG’s office.
The CAG is the head of the Indian Audit and Accounts Department and is the chief guardian of public purse. His duty is to audit all receipts and expenditure of the Union and State governments and report on them.
The CAG is appointed by the President by warrant under his hand and seal and holds office for a term of six years or until he attains the age of 65 years, whichever is earlier. He can be removed by the President only in accordance with the procedure laid down for the removal of a Judge of the Supreme Court, which requires a special majority of both Houses of Parliament on grounds of proved misbehaviour or incapacity. The conditions of service and salary of the CAG are determined by Parliament by law and are charged upon the Consolidated Fund of India, ensuring that they are not subject to annual parliamentary vote.

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12. Which one of the following about the Parliament of India is NOT correc

Which one of the following about the Parliament of India is NOT correct ?

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The Parliament consists of the President, the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha
There are no nominated members in the Lok Sabha
The Rajya Sabha cannot be dissolved
Some members of the Rajya Sabha are nominated by the President
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Statement B, “There are no nominated members in the Lok Sabha,” is NOT correct as per the provisions of the Constitution as it existed for a long time. Article 331 of the Constitution of India provided for the nomination of two members from the Anglo-Indian community by the President to the Lok Sabha, if the President felt that the community was not adequately represented. This provision was in effect until it was repealed by the 104th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2019, which came into effect in January 2020. Given that UPSC questions often reflect the constitutional structure over time, Statement B would have been incorrect prior to 2020. Statements A, C, and D are correct constitutional provisions regarding the Parliament.
Article 79 of the Constitution states that the Parliament of the Union shall consist of the President and two Houses to be known respectively as the Council of States (Rajya Sabha) and the House of the People (Lok Sabha). The Rajya Sabha is a permanent body and not subject to dissolution, with members retiring every two years. The President nominates 12 members to the Rajya Sabha from persons having special knowledge or practical experience in respect of such matters as literature, science, art, and social service.
The 104th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2019, effectively discontinued the reservation of seats for the Anglo-Indian community in the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies, and thus the provision for their nomination. Therefore, currently, there are indeed no nominated members in the Lok Sabha. However, judging from the framing and potential age of such a question, it refers to the constitutional provision that existed for decades.

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13. Who among the following was the author of Humayun Nama ?

Who among the following was the author of Humayun Nama ?

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Roshanara Begum
Ruquaiya Sultan Begum
Gulbadan Begum
Gauhara Begum
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Humayun Nama is a historical account of the life of the second Mughal emperor, Humayun. It was written by his half-sister, Gulbadan Begum. She was the daughter of Emperor Babur and Dilawar Begum, and the aunt of Emperor Akbar.
Gulbadan Begum’s Humayun Nama is one of the few historical works of the Mughal period written by a woman. It provides unique insights into the royal harem life, family dynamics, and political events from a female perspective, offering a valuable supplement to official court chronicles.
Gulbadan Begum was commissioned by her nephew Emperor Akbar to write her recollections of Babur and Humayun to assist Abu’l-Fazl in writing the Akbarnama. Her memoir is considered a primary source for the history of Babur and Humayun.

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14. Which of the following clans are included in the Agnikula Rajputs ? 1.

Which of the following clans are included in the Agnikula Rajputs ?
1. Pratiharas
2. Chaulukyas
3. Paramaras
4. Chahamanas
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1 and 3 only
1, 3 and 4 only
1, 2, 3 and 4
2 and 4 only
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The Agnikula theory is a legend about the origin of certain Rajput clans from a sacrificial fire pit (agnikunda) at Mount Abu. The four major clans traditionally associated with the Agnikula origin are the Pratiharas (or Pariharas), Chaulukyas (or Solankis), Paramaras (or Pawars), and Chahamanas (or Chauhans). All four clans listed in the options are included in the Agnikula Rajputs according to traditional accounts.
The Agnikula legend is mentioned in later Rajput chronicles and poems, such as the Prithviraj Raso, though its historical accuracy is debated among scholars. It is often seen as a way to legitimize the status of these clans who rose to prominence after the decline of older dynasties.
These four clans played significant roles in the history of North India during the early medieval period, ruling various kingdoms after the decline of the Gurjara-Pratiharas. They frequently engaged in conflicts with each other and with other powers like the Palas and Rashtrakutas.

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15. Which of the following pairs are correctly matched ? Traveller

Which of the following pairs are correctly matched ?

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Traveller Country from
1. Marco Polo Italy
2. Ibn Battuta Morocco
3. Nikitin Russia
4. Seydi Ali Reis Turkey

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1, 2 and 3 only
2 and 3 only
1, 2, 3 and 4
1 and 4 only
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All the given pairs are correctly matched. Marco Polo was a Venetian merchant and explorer who travelled to Asia in the 13th century. Ibn Battuta was a Moroccan explorer and scholar who travelled extensively in Africa, Asia, and Europe in the 14th century. Nikitin was a Russian merchant who travelled to India in the 15th century. Seydi Ali Reis was an Ottoman (Turkey) admiral and writer who travelled to India in the 16th century.
Travellers’ accounts are invaluable sources for reconstructing the history, society, economy, and culture of the regions they visited. They provide external perspectives that complement indigenous sources.
Marco Polo’s account of his travels is documented in ‘The Travels of Marco Polo’. Ibn Battuta’s extensive travels are recorded in ‘Rihla’. Afanasy Nikitin’s account is known as ‘The Journey Beyond Three Seas’. Seydi Ali Reis wrote ‘Mirat ul Memalik’ (Mirror of Countries).

16. Which of the following is/are NOT historical biography/biographies ?

Which of the following is/are NOT historical biography/biographies ?

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  • 1. Dipavamsa
  • 2. Harshacharitra
  • 3. Vikramankadevacharitam
  • 4. Prithvirajavijaya

Select the correct answer from the code given below :

1 only
2 and 3 only
2, 3 and 4 only
1, 2, 3 and 4
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Dipavamsa is a historical chronicle of Sri Lanka and Buddhism, focusing on the arrival of Buddhism in Sri Lanka and its spread. While it contains historical information, it is not a biography of a specific person. Harshacharitra by Bana is a biography of King Harsha. Vikramankadevacharitam by Bilhana is a biography of the Chalukya king Vikramaditya VI. Prithvirajavijaya by Jayanaka is an epic poem describing the life and exploits of Prithviraj Chauhan, functioning as a biographical account. Therefore, only Dipavamsa among the given options is NOT a historical biography of a person.
Historical biographies provide accounts of the lives of individuals, often prominent figures like rulers, scholars, or saints. Chronicles are historical records that describe events in chronological order, typically focusing on the history of a region, dynasty, or period.
Other famous historical biographies from ancient and medieval India include Bana’s Kadambari (a romance but with historical context), Kalhana’s Rajatarangini (a chronicle of Kashmir but focusing on various rulers), and various regional Prashastis (eulogies) inscribed on pillars or plates, which often contain biographical elements of rulers.

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17. Which member of the Constituent Assembly proposed the resolution that

Which member of the Constituent Assembly proposed the resolution that the National Flag of India be a “horizontal tricolour of saffron, white and dark green in equal proportion”, with a wheel in navy blue at the centre ?

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Jawaharlal Nehru
B. R. Ambedkar
Rajendra Prasad
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
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The resolution regarding the adoption of the National Flag was moved by Jawaharlal Nehru in the Constituent Assembly on July 22, 1947. The resolution proposed the design of the flag as a horizontal tricolour of saffron, white, and dark green in equal proportion, with a wheel in navy blue at the centre, which was to be the Dharma Chakra. This resolution was unanimously adopted by the Assembly.
Jawaharlal Nehru was the first Prime Minister of India and played a pivotal role in the Indian independence movement and the formation of the Indian state. He presented the Objectives Resolution in the Constituent Assembly, which later formed the basis of the Preamble of the Constitution.
The design of the Indian National Flag is based on the ‘Swaraj’ flag, designed by Pingali Venkayya in 1921. The Dharma Chakra in the center of the white band is derived from the Lion Capital of Ashoka at Sarnath.

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18. Who among the following are the two civil servants who assisted the Co

Who among the following are the two civil servants who assisted the Constituent Assembly in framing the Constitution of India ?

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B. N. Rau and K. M. Munshi
S. N. Mukherjee and Alladi Krishnaswamy Aiyar
B. N. Rau and S. N. Mukherjee
K. M. Munshi and Alladi Krishnaswamy Aiyar
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B. N. Rau and S. N. Mukherjee were two civil servants who assisted the Constituent Assembly in framing the Constitution of India.
Sir Benegal Narsing Rau (B. N. Rau) was appointed as the Constitutional Advisor to the Constituent Assembly. He prepared the initial draft of the Constitution in October 1947, taking into account reports of various committees and the Constitutions of other countries. S. N. Mukherjee was the Chief Draftsman of the Constitution. He played a crucial technical role in translating the decisions of the Assembly and the Drafting Committee into the final legal text of the Constitution with great precision and clarity.
K. M. Munshi and Alladi Krishnaswamy Aiyar were distinguished lawyer members of the Drafting Committee of the Constituent Assembly, not primarily civil servants assisting in the drafting process in the advisory or technical drafting roles held by Rau and Mukherjee. While crucial to the framing, they served as political members and legal experts within the committee structure.

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19. Name the rebel who fought against the British in the battle of Chinhat

Name the rebel who fought against the British in the battle of Chinhat in the course of the 1857 Revolt ?

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Ahmadullah Shah
Shah Mal
Mangal Pandey
Kunwar Singh
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Ahmadullah Shah fought against the British in the battle of Chinhat in the course of the 1857 Revolt.
Ahmadullah Shah, also known as the Maulvi of Faizabad, was a prominent leader of the Indian Rebellion of 1857. He led the rebel forces in the Battle of Chinhat (June 30, 1857) near Lucknow, inflicting a heavy defeat on the British forces led by Sir Henry Lawrence, before the British retreated into the Lucknow Residency.
Shah Mal was a rebel leader who organized villagers in the area around Baraut in the North-Western Provinces. Mangal Pandey was a sepoy whose actions in Barrackpore in March 1857 are often considered the spark that ignited the Mutiny, but he was executed early in the revolt and was not involved in Chinhat. Kunwar Singh was a prominent rebel leader from Jagdishpur, Bihar, who led the revolt in his region.

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20. Who among the following introduced the Permanent Settlement of Bengal

Who among the following introduced the Permanent Settlement of Bengal in 1793?

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Lord Cornwallis
Lord Ripon
Robert Clive
John Adam
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Lord Cornwallis introduced the Permanent Settlement of Bengal in 1793.
Lord Cornwallis, who served as the Governor-General of Bengal from 1786 to 1793, is credited with implementing the Permanent Settlement in 1793. This system fixed the land revenue demand permanently and recognized the zamindars as the proprietors of the land.
Lord Ripon was a Viceroy known for reforms in local self-government and repeal of the Vernacular Press Act in the late 19th century (1880-1884). Robert Clive was a key figure in the early British East India Company’s rise to power in Bengal after the Battle of Plassey (1757), long before the Permanent Settlement. John Adam served as acting Governor-General briefly in 1823.

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