UPSC Geoscientist

21. pH of blood is:

pH of blood is:

7.0
6.8
7.4
6.4
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The pH of human blood is maintained within a narrow range, typically 7.35 to 7.45, which is slightly alkaline. Option C, 7.4, falls within this normal range and is often cited as the average blood pH.
Normal blood pH is slightly alkaline, maintained tightly between 7.35 and 7.45.
Maintaining blood pH within this narrow range is crucial for various physiological processes, such as enzyme activity and oxygen transport. Deviations from this range can lead to serious health problems (acidosis below 7.35 or alkalosis above 7.45).

22. Why silver chloride turns grey in Sunlight?

Why silver chloride turns grey in Sunlight?

It forms silver metal and is an example of endothermic reaction
It forms silver metal and is an example of exothermic reaction
It forms silver metal and is an example of substitution reaction
It forms silver ion (Ag<sup>+</sup>) and is an example of endothermic reaction
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When silver chloride (AgCl) is exposed to sunlight, it undergoes a photochemical decomposition reaction. The light energy causes the decomposition of AgCl into silver metal (Ag) and chlorine gas (Cl₂). The silver metal produced is grey, which causes the white AgCl to turn grey. This reaction requires energy from sunlight, making it an endothermic process.
The reaction is: 2AgCl(s) + Sunlight → 2Ag(s) + Cl₂(g)
Sunlight decomposes silver chloride (AgCl) into grey silver metal (Ag) and chlorine gas. This decomposition is an endothermic reaction.
This photochemical reaction is the basis for early photography techniques (e.g., using silver halide photographic plates or paper). Silver bromide (AgBr) and silver iodide (AgI) also undergo similar photochemical decomposition when exposed to light.

23. Which one of the following pairs of elements is found in the free

Which one of the following pairs of elements is found in the free state?

Gold and Platinum
Copper and Silver
Gold and Silver
Copper and Platinum
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Elements that are highly unreactive or noble are often found in the free or native state in nature. Gold (Au) and Platinum (Pt) are known for their low reactivity and are frequently found in their metallic state, not combined with other elements in ores.
Gold and Platinum are noble metals that are highly unreactive and commonly found in the free state.
While Silver (Ag) and Copper (Cu) can sometimes be found in the free state, they are more commonly found in combined forms as ores due to their higher reactivity compared to Gold and Platinum. Gold and Platinum are considered the most likely pair among the options to be primarily found in the free state.

24. ‘Surya kiran’ is a joint military exercise between the militaries of I

‘Surya kiran’ is a joint military exercise between the militaries of India and:

Bangladesh
Sri Lanka
Nepal
Bhutan
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‘Surya Kiran’ is a joint military exercise conducted annually between the armies of India and Nepal. It is a battalion-level exercise focusing on counter-insurgency and counter-terrorism operations in mountainous terrain.
‘Surya Kiran’ is a joint military exercise between India and Nepal.
The exercise aims to enhance interoperability between the two armies and share experiences in counter-insurgency and counter-terrorism operations, as well as humanitarian assistance and disaster relief.

25. International Day for Total Elimination of Nuclear Weapons is celebrat

International Day for Total Elimination of Nuclear Weapons is celebrated on:

July 26
August 26
September 26
October 26
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The International Day for the Total Elimination of Nuclear Weapons is observed annually on September 26. This day is designated by the United Nations to raise public awareness about the threat posed to humanity by nuclear weapons and the necessity for their total elimination.
The International Day for the Total Elimination of Nuclear Weapons is observed on September 26.
The Day was first observed in 2013 following the adoption of a United Nations General Assembly resolution in December 2013. It serves as a platform for the international community to reaffirm its commitment to global nuclear disarmament.

26. Football team of which one of the following countries was defeated by

Football team of which one of the following countries was defeated by Indian football team to won the South Asian Football Federation (SAFF) under-18 Football Championships 2019?

Nepal
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
Bangladesh
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The Indian football team won the SAFF U-18 Football Championship 2019 by defeating Bangladesh in the final match. The final score was 2-1 in favour of India.
India defeated Bangladesh in the final of the SAFF U-18 Championship 2019.
The tournament was held in Kathmandu, Nepal. This was India’s first title in the SAFF U-18 Championship.

27. Saraswati Samman is instituted by:

Saraswati Samman is instituted by:

Smile foundation.
Gandhi Peace Found.
K K Birla Foundation
Kamal Kumari Found.
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The Saraswati Samman is an annual award for outstanding prose or poetry literary works in any of the 22 languages of India listed in Schedule VIII of the Constitution of India. It is instituted by the K. K. Birla Foundation.
Saraswati Samman is a literary award presented by the K. K. Birla Foundation.
The Saraswati Samman is one of the highest literary awards in India. It was established in 1991. The award carries a cash prize, a plaque, and a citation.

28. The International Astronomical Union has named an asteroid after an In

The International Astronomical Union has named an asteroid after an Indian singer. Name the singer:

Lata Mangeshkar
Pandit Jasraj
Bhimsen Joshi
Kumar Gandharva
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In 2019, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) named an asteroid after the renowned Indian classical vocalist Pandit Jasraj. The asteroid, previously known as 2006 VP32, is located in the inner main belt of asteroids between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter.
The IAU named asteroid 2006 VP32 after Pandit Jasraj.
The naming was done by the Committee on Small Body Nomenclature of the IAU. The asteroid was discovered on November 11, 2006, and was named ‘Panditjasraj’ in his honour.

29. How many member states are there in CARICOM, a grouping of Caribbean

How many member states are there in CARICOM, a grouping of Caribbean nations?

10
12
15
18
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CARICOM (Caribbean Community) is an organization of fifteen Caribbean nations and dependencies having primary objectives to promote economic integration and cooperation among its members, to ensure that the benefits of integration are equitably shared, and to coordinate foreign policy. There are 15 full member states.
CARICOM has 15 full member states.
In addition to the 15 full members, there are five associate members and eight observers in CARICOM. The full members are Antigua and Barbuda, The Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica, Montserrat, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, and Trinidad and Tobago.

30. Who among the following became the first woman officer of the Indian A

Who among the following became the first woman officer of the Indian Air Force to be appointed as the Flight Commander of a flying unit?

Shaliza Dhami
Bhawana Kanth
Anuradha Shukla
Nivedita Choudhary
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Shaliza Dhami became the first woman officer of the Indian Air Force (IAF) to be appointed as the Flight Commander of a flying unit. She was appointed to command a Chetak helicopter unit at Hindon airbase in August 2019.
Shaliza Dhami holds the distinction of being the first woman Flight Commander in the IAF.
Other options like Bhawana Kanth are also prominent women officers in the IAF, for example, she was one of the first three women fighter pilots inducted into the IAF. However, the specific achievement mentioned (first woman Flight Commander) belongs to Shaliza Dhami.
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