The World Meteorological Congress has made a groundbreaking decision to approve a newgreenhouse gas (GHG) monitoring initiative, according to the World Meteorological Organization (WMO). This initiative aims to support urgent action in reducing heat-trapping gases that contribute to rising global temperatures. The newly establishedGlobal Greenhouse GasWatch will address critical information gaps, integrating various observing systems, modeling capabilities, and data assimilation under one comprehensive framework. The unanimous support from WMOs 193 members highlights the growing importance of greenhouse gas monitoring and the need to strengthen the scientific foundation for climate change mitigation efforts.

Filling information gaps and providing an integrated framework

Unifying surface-based and space-based observations, modeling, and data assimilation

Overcoming limitations in international exchange of greenhouse gas observations and modeling products

Nepal has decided to allow IndiasSatluj Jal Vidyut Nigam(SJVN) Limited to develop a second hydropower project in the country. At present SJVN is developing a 900-MW Arun -III hydroelectric project, a run-of-river located on the Arun River in Eastern Nepal, scheduled to be completed in 2024. A meeting of theInvestment Board Nepal(IBN) chaired by Prime Minister Pushpa Kamal Dahal aka Prachanda approved the draft project development agreement (PDA) to be signed with Indias state-owned SJVN to develop the 669-megawatt (MW) Lower Arun Hydropower project in eastern Nepal.

The decision for development comes days before Prime Minister Prachanda visited India.

The draft needs to be endorsed by the Council of Ministers before it gets implemented. The previous meeting of the IBN had approved a Rs 92.68 billion for the development of the project.

Indias First Cloned Desi Gir Female Calf

The National Research Institute (NDRI) in Karnal, Haryana, has produced the countrys first cloned female calf of the desi breed Gir, named Ganga. The NDRI had initiated a project to clone indigenous cow breeds such as Gir and Sahiwal to increase milk production.

Gir, Sahiwal, Tharparkar, and Red-Sindhi are indigenous cattle breeds in India that play a pivotal role in milk production and the Growth of the Indian dairy Industry. Among these, Gir is well-known for its Tolerance to conditions of Stress and resistance to various tropical diseases.

The government released theforeign Trade Policy(FTP) 2023 with the aim of boosting India’s exports to $2 trillion by 2030.

Commerce and industry minister Piyush Goyal unveiled the policy, which will come into effect on April 1, 2023. We have to meet our exports targets going forward, Piyush Goyal said in a briefing Friday. We will achieve $2 trillion in exports by 2030, but we should ensure merchandise exports dont fall behind Services exports.

The new policy moves away from incentives to a remission and entitlement-based regime. Unlike previous policies that were announced for five years, the FTP 2023 has no end date and will be updated as needed.

The new policy designates four new Towns of Export Excellence (TEE) Faridabad, Moradabad, Mirzapur, and Varanasi in addition to the existing 39 TEEs.

E-Commerce exports, which are estimated to grow to $200-300 billion by 2030, will now benefit from the FTP. The value limit for exports through courier service is being raised from Rs 5 lakh to Rs 10 lakh per consignment. Additionally, the new policy aims to make the Indian rupee a global currency and permit international trade settlement in the domestic currency.

The Maharashtra Cow Service Commission Bill was introduced by the Maharashtras Revenue Minister Radhakrishna Vikhe Patil in the state assembly. It was announced by Deputy Chief Minister Devendra Fadnavis in the state budget.

The Maharashtra Cow Service Commission will be a 25-member body comprising members from the Animal Husbandry and other governmental departments. It will also have members from various universities and NGOs.

The commission will be responsible for safeguarding indigenous cows, bulls, bullocks, and calves. It will promote rearing and breeding of indigenous cows and will also handle the

registrations and overall supervision of cow shelters. It will also suggest measures to strengthen financial institutions working in this sector and undertake the development of pastures and good quality fodder for Livestock.

Global Passport Index 2023: India positioned at 144, Massive Fall in Mobility Score

It shows the mobility scores of various countries across the world. While India witnessed a major drip in its ranking as it decreased from a past score of 71 to the current 70.

Indias mobility score decline is seen as the largest economic drop at the global level. This happened due to the global coronavirus pandemic. The score stood at 73 in the year

2022 as it managed to handle the post-pandemic wave when mobility increased.

However, as of March 2023, the score comes to 70. This fall appears to be on the list as the mobility record increased. After the pandemic, the world and national economies re-opened. Indias ranking significantly declined by 6 places this year and the nation is positioned at 144th in 2023 as compared to 138 in 2022.

According to the survey, the ranking allotted was analysed based on the new ‘timeshift’ feature of the Passport Index. This was recently added to provide an instant, expansive view of the passports of many nations over consecutive years. With this, Indias decline from its pre-pandemic high is visible.

The Index displays a decline in the scores of other large Asian economies for instance Vietnam, Indonesia, China, and Thailand. This signifies the extent to which the listed countries have not capitalised on the global rise in mobility that has been highlighted in the annual report.

Rajya Sabhas productivity during winter session 102%:The final day of the winter session, the Rajya Sabha was adjourned sine die, with a productivity score of 102%.Jagdeep Dhankhar, the chairman of the Rajya Sabha, claims that in 13 sittings, functional time was 64 hours and 50 minutes as opposed to the entire allocated time of 63 hours and 26 minutes, and productivity was 102%.

1,920 unstarred questions were answered in the 13 sittings, while 82 starred questions were resolved.

After 28 hours of debate in which 160 members participated, nine bills were ultimately passed or returned during the session.

Although the term House of Elders is not listed in the official lexicon, Vice President Jagdeep Dhankhar had noted in my opening address on December 7 that it adequately captured the significance of this institution.

Spain passes new transgender law:The lower house of the Spanish Parliament approved a measure allowing individuals over the age of 16 to change their legally recorded gender without the need for medical supervision. According to the law, drafted by the center-left coalition government, minors between the ages of 14 and 16 must be accompanied by their parents or legal guardians and those between the ages of 12 and 13 will require a judges permission to make the move.

The law also abolishes a restriction that banned lesbian couples from registering their children under both parents names and forbids the use of so-called conversion therapies to repress sexual orientation or gender identity.

Up until recently, transgender individuals required the diagnosis of gender dysphoria, a psychological disorder in which the patient does not feel that their biological sex

matches their gender identity.

INS Khukri decommissioned after 32 years of service

Indias first indigenously built missile corvettes, INS Khukri (P49), was decommissioned after 32 years of service at Visakhapatnam on December 24, 2021.

During the decommissioning ceremony, the , the decommissioning pennant and naval ensign were lowered at sunset.

INS Khukri was built by the Mazagon Dock shipbuilders on August 23, 1989.

It had the distinction of being part of Western as well as Eastern Fleets.

In her service to INDIAN NAVY, the ship was commanded by 28 commanding officers.

It traversed a distance of more than 6,44,897 nautical miles, equivalent to navigating across the world 30 times or three times the distance between the Moon and the Earth.

The ship was affiliated with the Gorkha Brigade of the Indian Army.

National breed conservation award for 2021

The National Breed Conservation Award for 2021 was presented, recently.

The award has been bagged by All-India Co-ordinated Research Project (AICRP) on breeding, Mannuthy, which carried under the Kerala Veterinary and Animal Science University (KVASU).

It received the prestigious award from ICAR the National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources (NBAGR) for the cause of conservation and research activities on Tellicherry breed.

Tellicherry breed is the only registered native chicken breed in the state of Kerala.

The award carries a prize Money of Rs 10,000 and a citation.

Award was presented at the Kisan Divas celebrations, which was organised by ICAR-NBAGR recently.

The National Breed Conservation Award was established by ICAR NBAGR. It was established for centres or projects which contribute towards conservation and improvement of registered Indian breeds of domestic poultry and Livestock.

Recent Milestone in Gram Ujala programme

Under the Flagship Gram Ujala Programme, the state-owned CESL has achieved a milestone to distribute 50 lakh LED bulb. This milestone was achieved under the Project Crore of the Gram Ujala Programme.

CESL started this programme under the Leadership of Union Minister for Power and New & R K Singh, in March 2021.

It achieved the milestone of distributing 10 lakh bulbs in a single day, on the occasion of National Energy Conservation Day 2021 in December.

Under the programme, CESL is providing high-quality 7-watt and 12-watt LED bulbs at the cost of Rs 10 per bulb, in exchange of working incandescent bulbs. It also provides a 3-year guarantee on it.

Every household is entitled to exchange a maximum of five bulbs.

The distribution of CESL has resulted in energy Savings of 71,99,68,373.28 units per year and the cost savings of Rs 250 crore per year across rural areas of the states covered under the scheme.

Gram Ujalas scheme is being implemented in rural households across the states of Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh and Karnataka. The programme will be run till March 31, 2022.