The correct answer is B. Sulphur dioxide (SO2) and Nitrogen oxides (NOx).
Acid rain is a form of precipitation that is acidic, meaning that it has a pH of less than 7. It is caused by emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides into the atmosphere, which react with water vapor and oxygen to form sulfuric acid and nitric acid. These acids then fall to the Earth as rain, snow, sleet, or fog.
Sulfur dioxide is a gas that is released into the atmosphere when fossil fuels such as coal and oil are burned. Nitrogen oxides are also released into the atmosphere when fossil fuels are burned, as well as from other sources such as vehicle emissions.
Once in the atmosphere, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides react with water vapor and oxygen to form sulfuric acid and nitric acid. These acids then fall to the Earth as rain, snow, sleet, or fog. Acid rain can have a number of negative effects on the environment, including:
- Damaging forests and other vegetation
- Acidifying lakes and streams
- Killing fish and other aquatic life
- Eroding buildings and other structures
- Affecting human health
There are a number of things that can be done to reduce acid rain, including:
- Burning cleaner fuels
- Using scrubbers to remove sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides from emissions
- Planting trees to absorb carbon dioxide
- Reducing vehicle emissions
Acid rain is a serious environmental problem, but it is one that can be solved through a combination of individual and government action.