The correct answer is C. Sympatric.
Sympatric speciation is the evolution of new species in the same geographic area. This can occur through a variety of mechanisms, including polyploidy, habitat differentiation, and niche partitioning.
Allopatric speciation is the evolution of new species in different geographic areas. This can occur through a variety of mechanisms, including geographic isolation, reproductive isolation, and genetic drift.
Parapatric speciation is the evolution of new species in areas that are adjacent to each other but do not overlap. This can occur through a variety of mechanisms, including habitat differentiation, niche partitioning, and reinforcement.
Peripatric speciation is the evolution of new species in small, isolated populations. This can occur through a variety of mechanisms, including genetic drift, founder effect,
and bottleneck effect.In conclusion, the correct answer is C. Sympatric. This is because sympatric speciation is the evolution of new species in the same geographic area.