The transverse, longitudinal and surface waves in an earthquake originate from

The transverse waves are also known as S waves. They are caused by the shearing of rock along the fault plane. The longitudinal waves are also known as P waves. They are caused by the compression and expansion of rock. The surface waves are caused by the interaction of the P and S waves with the surface of the earth.

The transverse, longitudinal, and surface waves can cause damage to buildings and other structures. They can also cause landslides and tsunamis.