The process not needed in experimental research is

Observation
Controlling
Manipulation and replication
Reference collection

The correct answer is D. Reference collection.

Experimental research is a type of scientific research in which a hypothesis is tested by manipulating one variable and observing the effect on another variable. The other three options are all necessary steps in experimental research.

is the process of keeping all variables except the one being manipulated constant.
  • Manipulation is the process of changing the value of the variable being studied.
  • Replication is the process of repeating the experiment to ensure that the results are reliable.
  • A reference collection is a collection of materials that can be used to support research, such as books, articles, and websites. However, it is not a necessary step in experimental research.

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