The Constitutional Development of India Archives

1. Arrange the following events in the correct chronological order : 1. P

Arrange the following events in the correct chronological order :
1. Passage of the Anti-defection law by the Parliament of India
2. Mizoram was made a state
3. Voting age was reduced from 21 to 18
4. Maithili was added to the Eighth Schedule of the Constitution of India
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2, 3, 1, 4

1, 3, 2, 4

4, 3, 2, 1

1, 2, 3, 4

Answer is Right!

Answer is Wrong!

This question was previously asked in

UPSC Geoscientist – 2024

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Let’s place the events in chronological order based on their years:
1. Passage of the Anti-defection law (52nd Amendment Act): 1985.
2. Mizoram was made a state (State of Mizoram Act): 1986, came into effect in 1987.
3. Voting age was reduced from 21 to 18 (61st Amendment Act): 1989.
4. Maithili was added to the Eighth Schedule (92nd Amendment Act): 2003.
The correct chronological order is 1, 2, 3, 4.

– Anti-defection law (Tenth Schedule): Added by the 52nd Amendment Act, 1985.
– Statehood for Mizoram: Achieved on February 20, 1987, through the State of Mizoram Act, 1986.
– Reduction of Voting Age: Done by the 61st Amendment Act, 1989, amending Article 326 of the Constitution.
– Addition of Maithili to Eighth Schedule: One of the four languages (Bodo, Dogri, Maithili, Santali) added by the 92nd Amendment Act, 2003.

These events represent significant constitutional and political developments in India’s post-independence history, impacting the parliamentary system, federal structure, electoral process, and cultural recognition.

2. Who among the following was the Chief Justice of India when Public Int

Who among the following was the Chief Justice of India when Public Interest Litigation (PIL) was introduced in the Indian Judicial System?

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M. Hidayatullah

A. S. Anand

A. M. Ahmadi

P. N. Bhagwati

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This question was previously asked in

UPSC CDS-2 – 2017

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Justice P. N. Bhagwati is widely regarded as one of the pioneers of Public Interest Litigation (PIL) in India and was Chief Justice of India during a period when PIL was actively developed and promoted by the Supreme Court.

Justice P.N. Bhagwati served as the Chief Justice of India from July 1985 to December 1986. Before becoming CJI, as a judge of the Supreme Court, he played a crucial role along with Justice V. R. Krishna Iyer in relaxing the traditional rule of locus standi, allowing public-spirited citizens to approach the court on behalf of the poor and disadvantaged, thereby pioneering the concept of PIL in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Key early PIL cases were decided during this period, solidifying PIL’s place in the Indian judicial system.

Justice M. Hidayatullah was CJI much earlier (1968-1970). Justices A. S. Anand (1998-2001) and A. M. Ahmadi (1994-1997) served as CJI significantly after PIL was introduced and had become an established feature of the Indian judiciary. While PIL evolved over time with contributions from many judges, Justice Bhagwati is the most prominent figure associated with its initial introduction and expansion, particularly during the late 70s and early 80s, including his tenure as CJI.

3. Which among the following Acts were repealed by Article 395 of the Con

Which among the following Acts were repealed by Article 395 of the Constitution of India?

The Government of India Act, 1935
The Indian Independence Act, 1947
The Abolition of Privy Council Jurisdiction Act, 1949
The Government of India Act, 1919

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

1 and 2 only

1 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3 only

1, 2, 3 and 4

Answer is Right!

Answer is Wrong!

This question was previously asked in

UPSC CDS-2 – 2016

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Article 395 of the Constitution of India expressly repealed the following Acts:
1. The Indian Independence Act, 1947.
2. The Government of India Act, 1935, and all enactments amending or supplementing it.
The Abolition of Privy Council Jurisdiction Act, 1949 was an enactment supplementing the Government of India Act, 1935 (in matters related to appeals to the Privy Council), and was therefore also repealed by Article 395.
The Government of India Act, 1919 was largely repealed and replaced by the Government of India Act, 1935, and was therefore not directly repealed by Article 395.

Article 395 of the Constitution repealed the key legislative instruments that governed India prior to the adoption of the Constitution, specifically the 1947 Independence Act and the 1935 Government of India Act.

The purpose of Article 395 was to transition from the pre-constitutional legal framework to the new constitutional order. By repealing these acts, the Constitution established itself as the supreme law of the land. The Abolition of Privy Council Jurisdiction Act, 1949 was enacted by the Constituent Assembly itself functioning as the provisional parliament, establishing the Supreme Court of India as the final court of appeal, replacing the Privy Council. This Act was also deemed necessary to be repealed by the Constitution.

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