With reference to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, consider the following statements:
1. A coastal state has the right to establish the breadth of its territorial sea up to a limit not exceeding 12 nautical miles, measured from the baseline determined in accordance with the convention.
2. Ships of all states, whether coastal or land-locked, enjoy the right of innocent passage through the territorial sea.
3. The Exclusive Economic Zone shall not extend beyond 200 nautical miles from the baseline from which the breadth of the territorial sea is measured.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
1 and 2 only
2 and 3 only
1 and 3 only
1, 2 and 3
Answer is Right!
Answer is Wrong!
This question was previously asked in
UPSC IAS – 2022
The correct answer is D) 1, 2 and 3.
All three statements are correct according to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS).
Statement 1 is correct. Article 3 of UNCLOS states that every State has the right to establish the breadth of its territorial sea up to a limit not exceeding 12 nautical miles, measured from baselines determined in accordance with the Convention.
Statement 2 is correct. Article 17 of UNCLOS grants ships of all States, whether coastal or land-locked, the right of innocent passage through the territorial sea. Innocent passage means navigation through the territorial sea that is not prejudicial to the peace, good order, or security of the coastal State.
Statement 3 is correct. Article 57 of UNCLOS states that the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) shall not extend beyond 200 nautical miles from the baselines from which the breadth of the territorial sea is measured.