Biodiversity

41. Statement I : In Tundra climate, biodiversity is comparatively less. S

Statement I :
In Tundra climate, biodiversity is comparatively less.
Statement II :
Tundra climate has less reproductive warm period.

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This question was previously asked in
UPSC CDS-1 – 2018
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Statement I is true. Tundra climates are characterized by extremely low temperatures, short growing seasons, and often permafrost, creating harsh conditions that limit the variety and abundance of plant and animal life. Consequently, biodiversity in tundra regions is comparatively low compared to many other biomes. Statement II is also true. The short and cool summers mean the period suitable for plant growth, flowering, and reproduction, as well as for animal breeding cycles, is very brief. This ‘less reproductive warm period’ is a primary reason why fewer species can survive and reproduce effectively in the tundra, directly leading to lower biodiversity. Thus, Statement II is the correct explanation for Statement I.
Biodiversity is influenced by environmental factors like temperature, precipitation, and seasonality. Tundra environments have severe limiting factors for life.
The short growing season limits primary productivity, which in turn affects the food available for herbivores and subsequent trophic levels. Specialized adaptations are required for organisms to survive the cold and short summer in the tundra.

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42. Which one of the following statements is not correct?

Which one of the following statements is not correct?

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Pavo cristatus is the national bird of India.
Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn is the national flower of India.
Ficus benghalensis is the national tree of India.
Mangifera indica is the national animal of India.
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CDS-1 – 2017
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The statement “Mangifera indica is the national animal of India” is not correct.
Mangifera indica is the botanical name for the Mango tree, and Mango is the national fruit of India. The national animal of India is the Royal Bengal Tiger (Panthera tigris).
Pavo cristatus (Indian Peafowl) is the national bird. Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn (Lotus) is the national flower. Ficus benghalensis (Banyan) is the national tree. These are correctly matched in options A, B, and C.

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