The correct answer is: C. Linear expansion
When a metal is heated, it expands in all directions. However, the expansion is not uniform in all directions. The linear expansion is the expansion along the length of the metal. This is the type of expansion that is most important for railway tracks.
The gap between two rails of a railway track is left
to accommodate the linear expansion of the metal. This gap allows the rails to expand without causing the track to buckle.Areal expansion is the expansion of a metal in two dimensions, such as the expansion of a sheet of metal. Volume expansion is the expansion of a metal in three dimensions, such as the expansion of a cube of metal. Apparent expansion is the expansion of a metal that is measured relative to a non-expanding reference material.
In conclusion, the correct answer is C. Linear expansion.