A consumer has to pay lesser fixed charges in

flat rate tariff
two part tariff
maximum demand tariff
any of the above

The correct answer is A. flat rate tariff.

In a flat rate tariff, the consumer pays the same amount for electricity regardless of how much they use. This means that they have to pay a lesser fixed charge than they would in a two part tariff or a maximum demand tariff.

In a two part tariff, the consumer pays a fixed charge plus a variable charge based on how much electricity they use. This means that they have to

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pay a higher fixed charge than they would in a flat rate tariff, but their variable charge will be lower if they use less electricity.

In a maximum demand tariff, the consumer pays a fixed charge plus a variable charge based on the maximum amount of electricity they use in a given period of time. This means that they have to pay a higher fixed charge than they would in a flat rate tariff, and their variable charge will be higher if they use more electricity.

Therefore, the consumer has to pay the least amount of fixed charges in a flat rate tariff.

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