Green Logistics India

by

  • Why in News: India’s logistics sector, crucial for economic growth and Vision India@2047, is carbon-intensive. Greening it is essential for achieving net-zero emissions by 2070 and for sustainable development.

  • Major Challenges:

    • Road Dominance: Heavy reliance on diesel-fueled road transport (64.5% freight, 90% passenger) makes decarbonization difficult.
    • Fragmented Sector: The unorganized nature of the sector, with small operators owning most trucks, hinders green tech adoption.
    • High Costs & Limited Infrastructure: Transitioning to EVs or hydrogen vehicles involves high upfront costs and insufficient charging/fueling infrastructure.
    • Limited Public Transport: Underdeveloped public transport pushes reliance on private vehicles for freight.
    • Carbon Cost of Mobility: Logistics sector contributes about 13.5% of the country’s total greenhouse gas emissions, with road transport alone making up over 88%

  • Measures to Reduce Emissions:

    • Shift to Rail: Increase rail freight using electrified networks to cut emissions, similar
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to US and China.
  • Promote EVs and Fuels: Subsidize EVs, build charging infrastructure, and encourage alternate fuels like CNG and biofuels.
  • Boost Shipping and Waterways: Enhance coastal shipping and inland waterways with cleaner technologies (LNG, solar, biofuels).
  • Sustainable Aviation: Focus on sustainable aviation fuels (SAFs) and greener aircraft technologies.
  • Promote Green Warehousing: Use renewable energy and energy-efficient materials in warehouses.
  • Regulate Emissions: Introduce emission standards, carbon trading systems, and transparent reporting.
  • Building Upgrades in Logistics sector: Transitioning to renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, and geothermal power can drastically cut the carbon footprint of warehouses.

  • Conclusion: Decarbonizing logistics requires boosting rail freight, electrifying roads, using clean fuels for ships, and improving warehouse energy efficiency, driven by right policies and private sector involvement.