As the world enters anEl Niophasea natural climate phenomenon characterized by warmer waters in the Pacificcountries are bracing themselves for extreme weather events. The El Nio pattern fuelstropical cyclonesin the Pacific, increases rainfall and flood risks in parts of the Americas and other regions, and can have far-reaching implications. This years El Nio is of particular concern due to its potential interaction with climate change, which could result in record-high temperatures and intensified extreme weather events.

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El Nio occurs when the trade winds in the equatorial Pacific slow down or reverse, causing unusually warm waters in the eastern Pacific. The weakening of trade winds leads to the movement of warm water from the western Pacific towards the central and eastern Pacific basins. This buildup of warm water contributes to the transfer of heat into the , triggering thunderstorms and altering weather patterns worldwide.