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Industrial Uses
The share of Industrial Sector is limited to 2 per cent of the surface water utilisation and 5 per cent of the ground-water. Rough estimates indicate that the present water use in the industrial sector is of the order of 15 km3 . The water use by thermal and nuclear power Plants with installed capacities of 40,000 MW and 1500 MW respectively, is estimated to be about 19 km3 . The industries are needed to be switched over to water efficient technologies.
By 2050, India expects to be a major industrial power in the world. Industry needs water fresh or recycled. Processing industries depend on abundance of water. It is estimated that 64 cubic km of water will be needed by 2050 A.D. to sustain the industries. Thermal power generation needs water including a small part that is consumptive. Taking into account the electric power scenario in 2050 A.D., energy related requirement (Evaporation and consumptive use) is estimated at 150 cubic km.
With the advent of Globalization/”>Globalization-3/”>Globalization and Privatization ,industrial activities water demands share of water is changing rapidly. In addition increase in Population and rapid Urbanisation also put an additional demand on water Resources.
Water treatment plants for all industries emanating polluted water is the need of the hour.
Domestic Uses
The share of domestic sector is higher (9 per cent) in surface water utilisation as compared to groundwater.The National Water Policy has assigned the highest priority for drinking water supply needs followed by Irrigation, hydro-power, navigation and industrial and other uses.
Million Development Goals target to halve the proportion of people without sustainable access to Safe drinking water and basic sanitation by 2015. The indicators of progress towards this target are;
1) proportion of population with sustainable access to an improved drinking water source (urban and rural);
2) proportion of population with access to improved sanitation.
It is estimated that by 2050, water requirements per year for domestic use will be 90 km3 for low demand scenario and 111 km3 for high demand scenario. It is expected that about 70% of urban water requirement and 30% of rural water requirement will be met by surface water sources and the remaining from groundwater.
Irrigation is needed because of spatio-temporal variability in rainfall in the country. The large tracts of the country are deficient in rainfall and are drought prone. North-western India and Deccan plateau constitute such areas. Winter and summer seasons are more or less dry in most part of the country. Hence, it is difficult to practise agriculture without assured irrigation during dry seasons.
After independence, the Government of India gave high priority to the construction of major irrigation related Infrastructure-2/”>INFRASTRUCTURE. At present, India has a capacity to store about 200 billion cubic meters of water, a gross irrigated area of about 90 million hectares 2 and an installed hydro-power capacity of about 30,000 megawatts (World Bank, 2005)
Expansion of Irrigation facilities, along with consolidation of the existing systems, has been the main part of the strategy for increasing production of food grains. With sustained and systematic development of irrigation, the irrigation potential through major, medium and minor irrigation projects has increased from 22.6 million hectares (mha.) in 1951, when the process of planning began in India, to about 98.84 mha. at the end of the year 2004-05.,
Irrigation is the artificial application of water to land to assist in the growing of crops. It is used to supplement and replenish the natural water cycle. Irrigation helps to improve crop yields, increase crop diversity, and control pests and diseases. It also helps to prevent Soil erosion and improve water quality.
There are many different types of irrigation systems, including surface irrigation, Sprinkler Irrigation, and Drip Irrigation. Surface irrigation is the oldest and most common type of irrigation. It involves flooding the land with water from canals, ditches, or pipes. Sprinkler irrigation uses a Network of pipes to spray water onto the crops. Drip irrigation is the most efficient type of irrigation. It involves using small pipes to deliver water directly to the roots of the plants.
Irrigation is essential for agriculture in many parts of the world. It is estimated that irrigation accounts for about 70% of all freshwater withdrawals. Irrigation is also used for a variety of other purposes, including industrial irrigation, municipal irrigation, mining irrigation, power generation irrigation, recreation irrigation, and water conservation irrigation.
Industrial irrigation is the use of water to cool industrial equipment, clean industrial sites, and produce industrial products. Municipal irrigation is the use of water to irrigate parks, golf courses, and other public spaces. Mining irrigation is the use of water to extract Minerals from the earth. Power generation irrigation is the use of water to generate electricity. Recreation irrigation is the use of water to irrigate golf courses, parks, and other recreational areas. Water conservation irrigation is the use of water to irrigate crops more efficiently. Wastewater irrigation is the use of treated wastewater to irrigate crops.
Irrigation is a vital part of the global economy. It is estimated that irrigation contributes about $2 trillion to the global economy each year. Irrigation also supports about 1 billion jobs around the world.
However, irrigation also has a number of environmental impacts. Irrigation can lead to water shortages, soil erosion, and Water Pollution. It can also contribute to Climate change.
Despite the environmental impacts, irrigation is a necessary part of agriculture in many parts of the world. It is important to develop sustainable irrigation practices that minimize the environmental impacts.
One way to reduce the environmental impacts of irrigation is to use drip irrigation. Drip irrigation is a more efficient type of irrigation that delivers water directly to the roots of the plants. This reduces water loss due to evaporation and runoff. Drip irrigation also reduces soil erosion and water pollution.
Another way to reduce the environmental impacts of irrigation is to use recycled water. Recycled water is water that has been treated and reused. Recycled water can be used for irrigation without harming the Environment.
It is also important to conserve water. Water conservation can be achieved by using drip irrigation, using recycled water, and planting drought-tolerant crops.
Irrigation is a vital part of the global economy. It is important to develop sustainable irrigation practices that minimize the environmental impacts.
What is the utilization of water for industrial and other purposes?
Water is used in a variety of industrial and other purposes, including:
- Power generation: Water is used to generate electricity in hydroelectric power plants.
- Manufacturing: Water is used in a variety of manufacturing processes, such as papermaking, textiles, and Food Processing.
- Mining: Water is used to extract minerals from the earth.
- Agriculture: Water is used to irrigate crops.
- Domestic use: Water is used for drinking, bathing, cooking, and cleaning.
What is irrigation?
Irrigation is the artificial application of water to land to assist in the growing of crops. Irrigation systems vary in size and complexity, from simple hand-held devices to large-scale networks of canals and pipes. Irrigation is essential for agriculture in many parts of the world, where rainfall is insufficient or unreliable.
What are the benefits of irrigation?
Irrigation can provide a number of benefits, including:
- Increased crop yields: Irrigation can help to increase crop yields by providing plants with the water they need to grow.
- Improved crop quality: Irrigation can help to improve crop quality by reducing the risk of pests and diseases.
- Increased Food Security: Irrigation can help to increase food security by providing a reliable source of water for crops.
- Reduced soil erosion: Irrigation can help to reduce soil erosion by preventing the water from running off the land.
- Increased EMPLOYMENT: Irrigation can help to increase employment by creating jobs in the agricultural sector.
What are the challenges of irrigation?
Irrigation can also pose a number of challenges, including:
- Water scarcity: Irrigation can require a significant amount of water, which can be a problem in areas where water is scarce.
- Salinization: Irrigation can lead to salinization of the soil, which can make it difficult to grow crops.
- Water pollution: Irrigation can pollute water supplies with pesticides and Fertilizers.
- Energy use: Irrigation can require a significant amount of energy, which can contribute to Climate Change.
- Social conflict: Irrigation can lead to social conflict, as different groups compete for access to water.
What are the future trends in irrigation?
The future of irrigation is likely to be shaped by a number of factors, including:
- Climate change: Climate change is likely to lead to more extreme weather events, such as droughts and floods, which will make irrigation more challenging.
- Water scarcity: Water scarcity is likely to become a more serious problem in many parts of the world, which will put pressure on irrigation systems.
- Energy costs: Energy costs are likely to continue to rise, which will make irrigation more expensive.
- Technology: New technologies, such as drip irrigation and precision agriculture, are likely to make irrigation more efficient and sustainable.
- Policy: Policies that support sustainable irrigation practices are likely to become more important in the future.
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Which of the following is not a major use of water?
(A) Domestic use
(B) Industrial use
(C) Irrigation
(D) Transportation -
The Average person in the United States uses about how much water per day?
(A) 80 gallons
(B) 100 gallons
(C) 120 gallons
(D) 140 gallons -
The largest use of water in the United States is for:
(A) Domestic use
(B) Industrial use
(C) Irrigation
(D) Agriculture -
The most efficient way to conserve water is to:
(A) Take shorter showers
(B) Fix any leaks in your home
(C) Water your lawn less often
(D) All of the above -
Which of the following is a non-renewable resource?
(A) Water
(B) Oil
(C) Coal
(D) All of the above -
Which of the following is a renewable resource?
(A) Water
(B) Oil
(C) Coal
(D) None of the above -
The world’s population is expected to reach 9 billion by the year 2050. How will this affect the demand for water?
(A) The demand for water will decrease.
(B) The demand for water will remain the same.
(C) The demand for water will increase.
(D) The demand for water will decrease in some areas and increase in others. -
What are some of the negative effects of water pollution?
(A) Waterborne diseases
(C) Damage to aquatic Ecosystems
(D) All of the above -
What are some of the ways to reduce water pollution?
(A) Reduce, reuse, and recycle
(B) Properly dispose of waste
(C) Protect Water Resources
(D) All of the above -
What is the importance of water conservation?
(A) Water conservation helps to protect water resources.
(B) Water conservation helps to reduce water pollution.
(C) Water conservation helps to save Money.
(D) All of the above