The Home Rule Movement- For RAS RTS Mains Exam and Ras Rts Prelims Examination

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  • After being released in 1914, Tilak sought re-entry into Congress. Annie Besant and Gokhale supported. But finally Pherozshah Mehta won and Tilak was not admitted.
  • Tilak and Besant decided to start The Home Rule Movement on their own.
  • In early 1915, Annie Besant (and S Subramaniya Iyer) launched a campaign through her two newspapers, New India and Commonweal, and organized public meetings and conferences to demand that India be granted self-government on the lines of the White colonies after the War. From April 1915, her tone became more peremptory and her stance more aggressive.
  • At the annual session of the Congress in December 1915 it was decided that the extremists be allowed to rejoin the Congress. The opposition from the Bombay group has been greatly weakened by the death of Pherozshah Mehta.
  • Tilak and Annie Besant set up two different home rule leagues.
  • Tilak’s league was to work in Maharashtra (excluding Bombay city), Karnataka, the central provinces and Berar and Annie Besant’s league was given the charged of the rest of India.
  • Tilak was totally secular in nature. There was no trace of religious appeal. The demand for Home Rule was made on a wholly secular basis.
    • “Home rule is my birthright, and I will have it”
  • The British were aliens not because they belonged to another religion but because they did not act in the Indian interest
  • Tilak’s league was organized into six branches, one each in Central Maharashtrra, Bombay city, Karnataka, and Central Provinces, and two in Berar.
  • On 23rd July 1916, on Tilak’s sixtieth birthday the government sent a notice asking him to show cause why he should not be bound over for good behavior for a period of one year and demanding securities of Rs 60000
  • Tilak was defended by a team of lawyers led by Mohammad Ali Jinnah. He won. Tilak used the opportunity to further the Home Rule movement.
  • In Besant’s league, the main thrust of activity was directed towards building up an agitation around the demand for Home Rule. This was to be achieved by promoting political Education and discussion.
  • Lucknow Pact: 1916 in the Congress Session at Lucknow. Also known as Congress League Pact. Extremists were accepted back in congress. An agreement was reached between Muslim League and Congress.
  • The turning point in the movement came with the arrest of Annie Besant in June 1917
  • There was wide agitation and many leaders joined the league.
  • The government agreed to grant self rule but the timing for such a change was to be decided by the government alone.
  • After the great advance in 1917, the movement gradually dissolved.
    • The moderates were pacified by the government’s assurance of reforms after Besant’s release.
    • The publication of scheme of government reforms in July 1918 further created divisions. Many rejected it while others were for giving it a trial.
    • Later, Tilak went to England to fight a case. With Besant unable to give a firm lead, and Tilak away in England, the movement was left leaderless.
    • Achievements of the movement
      • The achievement of the Home Rule movement was that it created a generation of ardent nationalists who formed the backbone of the national movement in the coming years.
      • The Home rule leagues also created organizational links between town and country which were to prove invaluable in later years.
      • By popularizing the idea of self-government, it generated a widespread pro-nationalist Atmosphere in the country.
      • The movement set the right mood for the entry of Mahatma Gandhi and take the Leadership.

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    The Home Rule Movement was a political movement in India that began in 1916. The movement was led by Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Annie Besant, and it called for greater self-government for India. The Home Rule Movement was successful in achieving some of its goals, such as the introduction of the Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms in 1919. However, the movement was ultimately unsuccessful in achieving its ultimate goal of independence for India.

    The background of the Home Rule Movement

    The Home Rule Movement was a product of the growing nationalist sentiment in India in the early 20th century. This sentiment was fueled by a number of factors, including the British government’s increasing economic exploitation of India, the growing gap between the rich and the poor, and the British government’s refusal to grant India self-government.

    The leaders of the Home Rule Movement

    The two main leaders of the Home Rule Movement were Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Annie Besant. Tilak was a Marathi Brahmin who was born in 1856. He was a lawyer by training, but he became involved in politics at a young age. He was a strong advocate for Indian independence, and he is often called the “Father of Indian Unrest.” Besant was an Englishwoman who was born in 1847. She was a Theosophist, and she came to India in 1893. She became involved in Indian politics, and she was a strong advocate for Indian self-government.

    The goals of the Home Rule Movement

    The main goal of the Home Rule Movement was to achieve greater self-government for India. The movement’s leaders believed that India was ready for self-government, and they argued that the British government should grant India a greater say in its own affairs.

    The methods used by the Home Rule Movement

    The Home Rule Movement used a variety of methods to achieve its goals. These methods included public meetings, demonstrations, and boycotts. The movement also published newspapers and pamphlets, and it organized strikes.

    The achievements of the Home Rule Movement

    The Home Rule Movement was successful in achieving some of its goals. In 1919, the British government introduced the Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms, which granted India a greater degree of self-government. The movement also helped to raise awareness of the issue of Indian independence, and it contributed to the Growth of the nationalist movement in India.

    The limitations of the Home Rule Movement

    The Home Rule Movement was not without its limitations. The movement was divided between two factions, one led by Tilak and the other led by Besant. These factions often disagreed on strategy and tactics, and this division weakened the movement. The movement also faced opposition from the British government, which was reluctant to grant India self-government.

    The impact of the Home Rule Movement on Indian history

    The Home Rule Movement had a significant impact on Indian history. The movement helped to raise awareness of the issue of Indian independence, and it contributed to the growth of the nationalist movement in India. The movement also helped to achieve some of its goals, such as the introduction of the Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms. The Home Rule Movement was a significant step on the road to Indian independence.

    The Home Rule Movement was a political movement in India that began in 1916. The movement was led by Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Annie Besant, and it called for greater self-government for India. The movement was successful in achieving some of its goals, such as the introduction of the Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms in 1919.

    Here are some frequently asked questions about the Home Rule Movement:

    1. What was the Home Rule Movement?
      The Home Rule Movement was a political movement in India that began in 1916. The movement was led by Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Annie Besant, and it called for greater self-government for India.

    2. Who were the leaders of the Home Rule Movement?
      The leaders of the Home Rule Movement were Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Annie Besant. Tilak was a Marathi politician and social reformer who is considered one of the “fathers of Indian nationalism.” Besant was an Irish-born social reformer and theosophist who was active in the Indian independence movement.

    3. What were the goals of the Home Rule Movement?
      The goals of the Home Rule Movement were to achieve greater self-government for India and to end British rule. The movement called for the introduction of a system of Responsible Government in India, similar to the system that existed in the United Kingdom.

    4. What were the achievements of the Home Rule Movement?
      The Home Rule Movement was successful in achieving some of its goals. In 1919, the British government introduced the Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms, which granted greater self-government to India. The movement also helped to raise awareness of the Indian independence movement and to unite Indians against British rule.

    5. What were the limitations of the Home Rule Movement?
      The Home Rule Movement was limited by the fact that it was not supported by all Indians. Some Indians, such as Mahatma Gandhi, believed that the movement was too radical and that it would alienate the British government. The movement was also limited by the fact that it was not able to achieve its goal of independence for India.

    6. What was the impact of the Home Rule Movement?
      The Home Rule Movement had a significant impact on the Indian independence movement. The movement helped to raise awareness of the Indian independence movement and to unite Indians against British rule. The movement also helped to pave the way for the Indian independence movement of the 1940s.

    The Home Rule Movement was a political movement in India that began in 1916. The movement was led by Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Annie Besant, and it called for greater self-government for India. The Home Rule Movement was successful in achieving some of its goals, such as the introduction of the Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms in 1919. However, the movement was ultimately unsuccessful in achieving its ultimate goal of independence for India.

    Here are some MCQs on the Home Rule Movement:

    1. The Home Rule Movement was a political movement that began in:
      (A) 1916
      (B) 1919
      (C) 1920
      (D) 1922

    2. The Home Rule Movement was led by:
      (A) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
      (B) Annie Besant
      (C) Mahatma Gandhi
      (D) Jawaharlal Nehru

    3. The Home Rule Movement called for:
      (A) Greater self-government for India
      (B) Independence for India
      (C) Dominion status for India
      (D) A republic for India

    4. The Home Rule Movement was successful in achieving some of its goals, such as the introduction of the:
      (A) Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms
      (B) Government of India Act of 1935
      (C) Indian Independence Act of 1947
      (D) Constitution of India of 1950

    5. The Home Rule Movement was ultimately unsuccessful in achieving its ultimate goal of:
      (A) Greater self-government for India
      (B) Independence for India
      (C) Dominion status for India
      (D) A republic for India

    The answers to the MCQs are as follows:

    1. (A)
    2. (A)
    3. (A)
    4. (A)
    5. (B)
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