Temples and Architecture of Rajasthan

<<–2/”>a >h3>Temples and Architecture of Rajasthan

 

• The Rajasthan architecture is significantly depend on Rajput architecture school which was mixture of mughal and Hindu structural design. Grand havelis, astonishing forts and elaborately carved temples are the vital portion of architectural heritage of Rajasthan. Rajput’s carries the credit of creative builders.  Few of most striking and splendid forts along with palaces with parched Aravali land clearly depicts history of Rajasthan’s celebrated heritage.

• Rajasthan architecture arouses from Rajput School of Architecture, a perfect mixture of Hindu and Mughal structural pattern. The state of Rajasthan hosts few of splendid palaces and forts of the whole world. Ornamented havelis, elaborately carved temples and also magnificent forts are section of the Rajasthan’s architectural heritage. The artistic builders of Rajput designed major architectural styles which are located in cities like Jaisalmer, Udaipur, Jaipur and Jodhpur. The most significant architectural designs in Rajasthan include Jantar Mantar, Dilwara Temples, Lake Palace Hotel, City Palaces, Chittorgarh Fort and Jaisalmer Havelis.

• Rajasthan, one of the largest states of our country is well known for their historically important monuments. The state of Rajasthan was the major regional capital of Indus Valley Civilization. Conventionally Bhils, Rajputs, Yadavs, Jats, Gujjars and various other tribal people delivered momentous contribution in constructing Rajasthan state. The state was earlier called as Rajputana and served as princely state lawed by Rajputs. Present state of Rajasthan comprises number of Jat kingdoms, Rajput kingdoms and also Mughal Kingdom. The palaces and forts present in Rajasthan are decorated by Jain and Muslim architecture. Rajasthan’s structural design is generally secular with great motivation from Mughals whereas the latest architecture carries the touch of European interiors.

• The outstanding Rajput architecture present in Rajasthan lies in Deeg palace. Deeg palace is encircled by large area of gardens based on garden architecture of Mughals. Jaipur palaces carry strong Islam influence. Rajasthan palaces are designed in Islamic fashion and all the palaces were declared Islamic names. One example is Hawa Mahal. This palace is constructed inside the conventional mansion of Rajasthan but not similar to the residential portion of Mughal palaces. The chambers meant for administrative, residential and court functions are constructed inside the multi-storied barrier. Jantar Mandar present in Jaipur is a breathtaking architectural monument. The place was constructed based on the essentials of natural sciences with unique architectural marvel which is more than home in modern era. The northern border of Jaipur city carries Royal Tombs which also includes Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh II. With a strong effect of Islamic influences several Rajputs initiated the process of constructing tombs even though they belong to Hindu religion, they are known as empty commemoratives. The tombs with the design of open umbrella are uniqueness of their architecture.

• The Ajmer city carries maximum influence of Islamic architecture. The significant monuments in Ajmer city include Dargah Sharif of Khwaja Muinuddin Chishti possessing various white marble edifices placed around the two courtyards with a gigantic gate contributed by the Hyderabad Nizam, a mosque donated by Shah Jahan along with Akbari mosque. One can witness Hindu architecture in Pushkar in the form of various temples and Ghats. The magnificent temples arranged in a fashion with a touch of Islamic architecture, are unique in their style.

• At the time of British reign, Rajputs were highly inspired by Bristish rulers and the effect was seen in their architecture too. The buildings constructed by architects can be easily traced in the city of Jaipur. One such example is the Ranbag Palace which was constructed in Indo-Saracenic fashion is running as high class hotel now. Balsamad Lake Palace located at Jodhpur constructed during nineteenth century serves as summer palace designed in European style carrying a mughal style garden in front of man-made lake.

• The Rajasthan architecture is an outstanding arrangement o f colonial, Islamic and Hindu architecture. Rajasthan stays as one among the major tourist spot in India carrying a lavish architectural heritage.

Important Artifacts of Rajasthan Architecture

• Haveli

 

• Between the years of 1830 and 1930, well heeled Marwaris built gigantic buildings in Narwar and Shekhawati region. The mansions are known as Havelis.  These Havelis carry architecture of Mughal in their style. The Shekhawati haveli consists of two courtyards. The outer courtyard meant for men whereas inner courtyard was occupied by Women. Havelis also carries marvelous and breath-taking frescoes which are surrounded all sides with a single main gate. This barrier provides good security and calm totally separated from the external Environment.

• Chhatri

 

• Located in Rajasthan, the Chhatris are the elevated pavilions in dome shape and are the best illustrations of the architecture of Rajasthan. The Chhatri stands as a symbol of honour and pride. The Shekhawati area of Rajasthan holds chhatris in the place meant for cremation of distinguished and wealthy personalities. Chhatris present in Shekhawati are generally simple structure with single dome built inside four pillars of a mansion carrying several domes along with a basement containing various rooms. There are various significant chhatris present in cities of Jodhpur, Jaipur, Haldighati, Udaipur, Bikaner etc.

• Jharokha

 

• Jharokha is the form of overhanging enfolded balcony generally witnessed in temples, havelis and palaces situated in Rajasthan. The Jharokha balcony is basically stone window. Jharokhas projects from wall plane and are generally employed for additional architectural beauty to the mansions or for any other specific reasons. During earlier days, women with purdah use to visualize outside events by hiding themselves inside this dress. The overhanging balcony is a vital structure of Rajasthani architecture fulfilling the duty as decoration instrument and also as a sight-seeing platform. There are many Jharokhas carrying chhajjas with them.

 

• Stepwell

 

• Stepwell otherwise known as bawdi is nothing but a pond or well where water can be filled by climbing downwards on a batch of steps. Bawdis are quite common in the western part of India particularly in Gujarat and Rajasthan. These Stepwells date back to several hundreds of years. During olden days, constructors made very deep trenches into our earth to get dependable groundwater all through the year. The fences of the trenches were made up of stoneblocks with the absence of mortar. There are also stairs to reach water body. Most of the living stepwells originally acted as leisure spots besides providing water. Bundi city situated near Kota carries approximately sixty stepwells.

Hindu and Jain Temples of Rajasthan

Hinduism-2/”>Hinduism and Jainism were both influential in Rajasthan and they are the predominant religions of this state. As a result, the beliefs and faiths of Hinduism as well as Jainism are reflected to a larger extent through the architectural constructs of Rajasthan. The feelings of devotion, bliss, rites, rituals, superstitions and sacrifice, all amalgamate in the magnificent temples of Rajasthan.

• Brahma Temple

The Brahma Temple is located in Pushkar. It is dedicated to the Hindugod of creation, Lord Brahma. One will be able to see the idol of the sacred Goose at the entrance of this temple. The sacred Goose is recognized as the vahana of Lord Brahma. This temple is made of marble and silver coins bedeck its interior.

• Eklingji Temple

Eklingji Temple is located in the town of Kailashpuri, about 22 kilometers from Udaipur on national highway 8. This temple is dedicated to Lord Shiva. The most noteworthy aspect of this temple is the four-faced idol of Eklingji (Lord Shiva) that is made of black marble. This figure has a height of about 50 feet and the four faces depict the four aspects of Lord Shiva. Shivratri is the festival celebrated in this temple. This temple also has idols of Goddess Saraswati and Yamuna and Lord Ganesha and Kartikeya. It can be said that the Eklingji temple symbolizes Hindu faith and belief through its architecture.

·         Dwarkadhish Temple of Kankroli

Dwarkadhish Temple of Kankroli is one of the prominent tourist attractions of Nathdwara located in the Kankroli Village. This temple also famous as ‘Kankroli Temple’. Hindu deity Krishna is the sole deity of this beautiful temple. Here the red stone idol of the deity is praise with full devotion and dedication. Many believe that red stone idol of Lord Krishna had been brought from Mathura. Maharana Raj Singh I built the temple in 1676. This temple belongs to Vaishnavas and the Vallabhacharya sects.

·         Varah Temple

Varah Temple is located in Pushkar. This temple is dedicated to Varah (wild boar), an incarnation of Lord Vishnu. This temple was built in the 12th century by a king named, Anaji Chauhan. It is known that this temple was subjected to destruction and renovated several times. Varah Temple serves as a home to a huge white idol of Lord Varaha along with carvings, sculptures, gold styled pillars depicting Garuda, the mythical bird and life-size statues of door men. Varah Temple is considered to be one of the largest and oldest temples in Pushkar

·         Karni Mata Temple

Karni Mata Temple is situated in Bikaner. It is also known by the other name of Nari Mata Temple and is dedicated to Karni Mata, an incarnation of goddess Durga. In the temple, one will be able to see the idol of Karni Mata wielding a trishul (trident) in her hand. A plethora of rats will be evident to the visitors in this temple. These rats move freely in the temple and are believed to be the reincarnations of Karni Mata and her sons.

·         Kaila Devi Temple

Kaila Devi in Karauli temple is a Hindu religion temple, known to be one of the 9 Shakti peeths of goddess Durga. Located on the banks of Kalisil river at a distance of 23 km from the Karauli city. Goddess Kaila Devi is diety of the temple and millions of people visit it every year. Goddess Kaila is believed as the protector and savior of mankind. Built by the princely Jadaun Rajput rulers of the Karauli empire.

Maharaja Gopal Singh Ji laid the foundation of the temple in 1723 and the work was completed in 1730.

• Savitri Temple

Savitri Temple is also located in Pushkar. This temple is dedicated to goddess Savitri, the first wife and consort of Lord Brahma. This temple is a fine representation of marble architecture.

·         Surya Narayana Temple

Surya Narayana Temple is the beautiful Lord Sun temple which is known for its unique and marvelous architectural design.

Surya Narayana was constructed in the 15th century AD. There is a tower over the altar of the temple which has numerous projections of circular plan. Smaller protruding niches on the base of the tower has the sanctum which is laid on an octagonal plan with six porches.

·         Sun Temple

Sun Temple of Ranakpur is a famous Sun or Surya temple well known as the Surya Narayan Temple. This 13th centry temple was rebuilt in 15th century after destruction. Sun temple is bilt with white lime stone in Nagara style with a delicate ornamented work.

Sun Narayan temple recieves many devotees from all around the country who came for the blessings of Lord Sun. Many devotees also visit the nearby temple of Amba Mata. This Sun temple is managed by the Udaipur Royal family trust.

• Birla Mandir

Birla Mandir is located in Jaipur, the capital city of Rajasthan. It is also known by the other name of Lakshmi Narayan Temple. This temple is dedicated to Lord Vishnu and his wife Lakshmi. This temple was built in the year 1988. This temple is one of the major tourist attractions of Rajasthan. Birla Mandir has been built with the finest quality of marble in the most contemporary style.

• Other Hindu Temples of Rajasthan

  Some of the other Hindu temples of Rajasthan are Avari Mata Temple, Bhomiaji Maharaj Temple, Dadhimati Mata Temple, Garh Ganesh Temple, Kunjal Mata Temple and Jagat Shiromani Temple.

• Dilwara Temples

The Dilwara Temples are located about 2.5 kilometers from Mount Abu. There are 5 Dilwara Temples in Rajasthan namely, the Vimal Vasahi, Pithalhar, Mahaveer Swami, Luna Vasahi and Khartar Vasahi. They are dedicated to Jain Tirthankars. They were constructed in 11th and 13th centuries AD. All these temples reflect excellent architectural work. They are made of white marble. The unique feature of the temples is a combination of simplicity and exquisiteness. The Dilwara Temples are surrounded by mango trees and hills which add to the magnificence of these temples.

• Ranakpur Jain Temples

Ranakpur Jain Temples are located in the Pali District of Rajasthan. These temples are renowned for their architecture. Among the Ranakpur Temples, the main temple is Chamukha Temple. It is dedicated to Tirthankara, Rishabdeo. The temple houses a four-faced figure of Rishabdeo. The columns of the temple are known for their intricately carved designs and also serve as specimens of the art and architecture that prevailed in Rajasthan during the yester years.

• Mahavir ji Temple

Mahavir ji Temple of Rajasthan is known to be among the holiest pilgrimages of Rajasthan. This temple overlooks the River Gambhir and is dedicated to Lord Mahavira. It is made of white marble.

• Other Jain Temples of Rajasthan

Some of the other Jain Temples which occupy an integral position in the land of Rajasthan are the Osiyan Temple, Rajasthan Jain Temple and Juna Temple.

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Rajasthan is a state in northwestern India. It is the largest state in India by area, covering 342,239 square kilometers (132,140 sq mi). The state is bordered by Pakistan to the northwest, the Indian states of Punjab to the north, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh to the northeast, Madhya Pradesh to the east, Gujarat to the southeast, and the Union Territory of Daman and Diu to the southwest. The state capital is Jaipur.

Rajasthan is a land of contrasts. It is home to the Thar Desert, the world’s largest hot desert, as well as the Aravalli Range, the oldest mountain range in India. The state is also home to a number of rivers, including the Chambal, the Yamuna, and the Luni.

Rajasthan is a land of history and culture. It was home to the Rajput kingdoms, which ruled the region for centuries. The state is also home to a number of ancient temples and forts.

Rajasthan is a popular tourist destination. The state is known for its palaces, forts, temples, and deserts. It is also home to a number of wildlife sanctuaries, including Ranthambore National Park and Sariska Tiger Reserve.

Rajasthan is a land of opportunity. The state has a young Population and a growing economy. It is a major producer of agriculture, textiles, and handicrafts.

Rajasthan is a land of beauty and diversity. It is a state that has something to offer everyone.

Jain Temples

Jainism is an ancient Indian religion that teaches non-violence, non-attachment, and renunciation. Jain temples are found all over India, but they are particularly concentrated in Rajasthan. The most famous Jain temples in Rajasthan are the Dilwara Temples in Mount Abu, the Ranakpur Jain Temple, and the Osian Jain Temples.

The Dilwara Temples are a UNESCO World Heritage Site. They are made of white marble and are decorated with intricate carvings. The Ranakpur Jain Temple is the largest Jain temple in the world. It is also made of white marble and is decorated with intricate carvings. The Osian Jain Temples are a group of 10 Jain temples that are located in the town of Osian. They are some of the oldest Jain temples in India.

Hindu Temples

Hinduism is the majority Religion in India. Hindu temples are found all over India, but they are particularly concentrated in Rajasthan. The most famous Hindu temples in Rajasthan are the Mewar temples, the Marwar temples, and the Shekhawati temples.

The Mewar temples are located in the Mewar region of Rajasthan. They are some of the most beautiful Hindu temples in India. The most famous Mewar temples are the City Palace in Udaipur, the Jag Mandir Palace in Udaipur, and the Hawa Mahal in Jaipur.

The Marwar temples are located in the Marwar region of Rajasthan. They are known for their intricate carvings and their beautiful architecture. The most famous Marwar temples are the Mehrangarh Fort in Jodhpur, the Jaswant Thada in Jodhpur, and the Umaid Bhawan Palace in Jodhpur.

The Shekhawati temples are located in the Shekhawati region of Rajasthan. They are known for their colorful murals and their intricate carvings. The most famous Shekhawati temples are the Goenka Haveli in Nawalgarh, the Patwon Ki Haveli in Shekhawati, and the Mandawa Palace in Mandawa.

Mughal architecture

Mughal architecture is a style of architecture that developed during the Mughal Empire in India. It is characterized by its use of domes, arches, and intricate tilework. The most famous Mughal buildings in Rajasthan are the Hawa Mahal in Jaipur, the Jama Masjid in Agra, and the Taj Mahal in Agra.

The Hawa Mahal is a palace in Jaipur that is known for its intricate facade. It is made of red sandstone and is decorated with intricate latticework. The Jama Masjid is a mosque in Agra that is the largest mosque in India. It is made of white marble and is decorated with intricate tilework. The Taj Mahal is a mausoleum in Agra that is considered to be one of the most beautiful buildings in the world. It is made of white marble and is decorated with intricate tilework.

Rajput Architecture

Rajput architecture is a style of architecture that developed during The Rajput Period in India. It is characterized by its use of red sandstone, its intricate carvings, and its towering towers. The most famous Rajput buildings in Rajasthan are the Mehrangarh Fort in Jodhpur, the City Palace in Udaipur, and the Hawa Mahal in Jaipur.

The Mehrangarh Fort is a fort in Jodhpur that is one of the largest forts in India. It is made of red sandstone and is decorated with intricate carvings. The City Palace in Ud

Here are some frequently asked questions about temples and architecture in Rajasthan, India:

• What are the different types of temples in Rajasthan?

There are many different types of temples in Rajasthan, but some of the most common include:

• Hindu temples: These temples are dedicated to Hindu gods and goddesses. They are often decorated with intricate carvings and sculptures.
• Jain temples: These temples are dedicated to Jain tirthankaras, or spiritual teachers. They are often simple in design, with white marble exteriors and gold-plated interiors.
• Muslim mosques: These mosques are places of worship for Muslims. They are often decorated with intricate tilework and calligraphy.

• Christian churches: These churches are places of worship for Christians. They are often decorated with stained glass windows and religious paintings.

• What are some of the most famous temples in Rajasthan?

Some of the most famous temples in Rajasthan include:

• The Hawa Mahal: This palace is also known as the Palace of the Winds. It was built in the 18th century and is famous for its intricate latticework facade.
• The City Palace: This palace complex is one of the largest in India. It was built in the 16th century and houses a museum with a collection of royal artifacts.
• The Amber Fort: This fort is located on a hilltop overlooking Jaipur. It was built in the 16th century and is famous for its intricate architecture.
• The Jal Mahal: This palace is also known as the Water Palace. It is located in the middle of a lake and was built in the 18th century.

• The Fatehpur Sikri: This abandoned city was built by Mughal emperor Akbar in the 16th century. It is famous for its intricate architecture and its many palaces and mosques.

• What are some of the architectural features of temples in Rajasthan?

Some of the most common architectural features of temples in Rajasthan include:

• The shikhara: This is the tall, pointed tower that is a characteristic feature of Hindu temples.
• The mandapa: This is the main hall of a temple, where worshipers gather.
• The garbhagriha: This is the inner sanctum of a temple, where the deity is enshrined.
• The torana: This is a gateway that leads to the temple.
• The chaitya arch: This is a type of arch that is often used in Buddhist temples.

• The lotus motif: This is a common motif in Hindu and Jain temples. It is said to represent the universe.

• What are some of the historical and cultural significance of temples in Rajasthan?

Temples in Rajasthan are important historical and cultural sites. They are a testament to the region’s rich history and culture. They are also important places of worship for Hindus, Jains, and Muslims.

• What are some of the challenges facing temples in Rajasthan?

Some of the challenges facing temples in Rajasthan include:

• Deterioration: Many temples in Rajasthan are in a state of disrepair. This is due to a number of factors, including natural disasters, neglect, and vandalism.
• Tourism: The increasing popularity of tourism in Rajasthan has put a strain on temples. This is because temples are often used as tourist attractions, which can lead to overcrowding and damage.

• Funding: Many temples in Rajasthan are underfunded. This is due to a number of factors, including the decline in religious donations and the government’s lack of support for religious institutions.

• What are some of the conservation efforts being made to preserve temples in Rajasthan?

A number of conservation efforts are being made to preserve temples in Rajasthan. These efforts include:

• Repair and restoration: Temples that are in a state of disrepair are being repaired and restored. This is being done by a number of organizations, including the Archaeological Survey of India and the Rajasthan government.
• Awareness campaigns: Awareness campaigns are being conducted to educate people about the importance of temples and the need to preserve them. These campaigns are being conducted by a number of organizations, including the Archaeological Survey of India and the Rajasthan government.
• Fundraising: Funds are being raised to support the conservation of temples. This is being done by a number of organizations, including the Archaeological Survey of India and the Rajasthan government.

Question 1

Which of the following is not a type of Temple Architecture in Rajasthan?

(A) Jain temple
(B) Hindu temple
(C) Buddhist temple
(D) Mughal mosque

Answer

(D)

Question 2

Which of the following is the most famous temple in Rajasthan?

(A) Hawa Mahal
(B) Amber Fort
(C) Chittorgarh Fort
(D) Taj Mahal

Answer

(A)

Question 3

Which of the following is the capital of Rajasthan?

(A) Jaipur
(B) Jodhpur
(C) Udaipur
(D) Bikaner

Answer

(A)

Question 4

Which of the following is not a popular tourist destination in Rajasthan?

(A) Jaisalmer
(B) Jodhpur
(C) Udaipur
(D) Agra

Answer

(D)

Question 5

Which of the following is the Official Language of Rajasthan?

(A) Hindi
(B) Rajasthani
(C) English
(D) Punjabi

Answer

(A)

Question 6

Which of the following is the currency of Rajasthan?

(A) Indian rupee
(B) Pakistani rupee
(C) Nepalese rupee
(D) Bhutanese ngultrum

Answer

(A)

Question 7

Which of the following is the national animal of India?

(A) Tiger
(B) Lion
(C) Elephant
(D) Rhinoceros

Answer

(A)

Question 8

Which of the following is the national bird of India?

(A) Peacock
(B) Parrot
(C) Eagle
(D) Swan

Answer

(A)

Question 9

Which of the following is the national flower of India?

(A) Lotus
(B) Rose
(C) Jasmine
(D) Sunflower

Answer

(A)

Question 10

Which of the following is the National Song of India?

(A) Jana Gana Mana
(B) Vande Mataram
(C) Saare Jahan Se Accha
(D) Hamdard

Answer

(A)