Notes and Study material for Exams
a universal process of directional change in vegetation, on an ecological time scale. occurs when a series of communities replace one another due to large scale destruction either natural or manmade. continously -one community replacing another community, until a stable, mature community develops. The first plant to colonise an area is called the pioneer … Read more
The Wealth Tax: A Controversial Tool for Equality and Growth The concept of a wealth tax, a levy on an individual’s net worth, has re-emerged as a prominent policy debate in recent years. Proponents argue that it is a necessary tool to address growing inequality, fund public services, and promote economic stability. Opponents, however, contend … Read more
–2/”>a >DOCTYPE html PUBLIC “-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN” “http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd”> Non-Banking financial institutions and their reforms in them since 1990s A Non Banking Financial Company (NBFC) is a company registered under the Companies Act, 1956 of India, engaged in the business of loans and advances, acquisition of Shares, stock, Bonds hire-purchase insurance business or chit business … Read more
IMPACT OF NEW ECONOMIC POLICY India’s post-independence development strategy showed all the signs of stagnation, but the economy started showing the sign of recovery in the early nineties when the government adopted the new economic model known as INFRASTRUCTURE, into a modern developed economy. New Economic Policy 1991 India opened up the economy … Read more
The Shadow of Oligarchy: A Global Examination of Power and Inequality The term “oligarchy” evokes images of shadowy figures pulling strings from behind the scenes, wielding immense power and influence over the lives of ordinary citizens. While often associated with historical empires and ancient Greece, the concept of oligarchy remains relevant in the modern world, … Read more
The Gross National Product (GNP): A Comprehensive Look at a Key Economic Indicator The Gross National Product (GNP) is a fundamental economic indicator that measures the total market value of all final goods and services produced by a nation’s residents, regardless of their location, in a specific period. It encompasses both domestic and foreign production … Read more
In 1978, the World Bank, for the first time, constructed an analytical country Classification system. The occasion was the launch of the World Development Report. Annexed to the report was a set of World Development Indicators (WDI), which provided the statistical underpinning for the analysis. The first economic classification in the 1978 WDI divided … Read more
I wish for a peaceful term of India. I cannot forget that in the sky of India , Lord Canning serene as it is, a small cloud may arise ………..threaten to burst & overwhelm. ‘a battle of blacks against the whites’ (on 1857 revolt) J.W. Kaye The … Read more
Chapter 1: Wealth Creation: The Invisible Hand Supported by the Hand of Trust Importance of Wealth creation: It lead to efficient and more utilisation of raw material. It lead to increase in the Aggregate Demand in the economy. Increase in the Direct Tax flows Increase in the salaries of employees working in an ecosystem … Read more