Notes and Study material for Exams
Fostering Unity Amidst Diversity: Key Factors in India India, a vibrant tapestry woven with threads of diverse cultures, religions, languages, and ethnicities, stands as a testament to the power of unity in diversity. However, this intricate tapestry is not without its challenges. The very diversity that defines India also presents opportunities for conflict and division. … Read more
Sri Aurobindo The criterion of social development, according to most of the Western social philosophers, is the moral progress in the individuals and Society. Thus ethics has been considered as the most potent method of social development. This contention, to be fully verified and examined, requires a two-fold inquiry. First, what is that standard of … Read more
Essence of Ethics Ethics comes from Greek word “ethos” means character, habit, culture, ways of behaviour etc. Ethics is also called “moral philosophy”. The word “moral” comes from Latin word “mores” which signifies customs, character, behaviour, etc. Thus ethics may be defined as the systematic study of human actions from the point … Read more
Inter Religious Unity and Communalism in British India This country was under the colonial rule of the British and after a long struggle gained freedom in 1947. In 1949, the constituent assembly enacted the new constitution which came into effect in 1950. Thus, the contemporary history of this country can be divided into two stages … Read more
The 11 Fundamental Duties: A Cornerstone of Indian Citizenship The Indian Constitution, a document that enshrines the rights and freedoms of its citizens, also recognizes certain fundamental duties that every citizen is expected to uphold. These duties, enshrined in Part IV-A of the Constitution, are not legally enforceable like fundamental rights, but they are considered … Read more
Sanskar Vyavastha Samskaras is a prescribed set of observances, a religious ceremony or act regarded as an outward and visible sign of inward or spiritual. Ancient Sanskrit literature texts, such as Raghuvamsha, Kumarsambhava, Abhijnan -Shakuntal, Hitopadesha and Manu Smruti, samskara is used to mean: Education, cultivation, training, refinement, perfection, grammatical purity, polishing, embellishment, decoration, a … Read more
The Coalition Era: A Defining Period in Iraq’s History The “Coalition Era” in Iraq, spanning from the 2003 invasion to the withdrawal of US troops in 2011, marked a tumultuous period of profound change and enduring consequences. This era witnessed the overthrow of Saddam Hussein’s regime, the establishment of a new Iraqi government, and the … Read more
Multiculturalism Multiculturalism means the co-existence of diverse cultures, where culture includes racial, religious, or cultural groups and is manifested in customary behaviours, cultural assumptions and values, patterns of thinking, and communicative styles. The idea of multiculturalism in contemporary political discourse and in political philosophy is about how to understand and respond to the … Read more
‘Sufism’ is a term used to refer to mystical religious ideas in Islam. It had evolved into a well developed movement by the 11 century. Sufis, Stress on the importance of traversing the path of the Sufi pir enabling one to establish a direct communion with the divine. Sufism or mysticism emerged in the 8 … Read more
Salient features of Hinduism is the major Religion in India, there exist various other religions such as Islam, Secularism. The geo-political unity of India was always visualized by our seers and rulers. The expressions of this consciousness of the geo-political unity of India are found in Rig-Veda, in Sanskrit literature, in the edicts of Asoka, … Read more