Notes and Study material for Exams
Grading and Standardization of Agricultural Products Standardization and grading are the first steps in the value-chains of an agricultural produce as it travels in a market channel to the consumer. Price of a produce has to be commensurate with quality, the assessment of which depends on a responsive system of grading and standardization. Hence, it … Read more
Indus Valley Civilization Indus valley civilization or Harappan civilization, the earliest known urban culture of the Indian subcontinent. The nuclear dates of the civilization appear to be about 2500–1700 BCE, though the southern sites may have lasted later into the 2nd millennium BCE. The civilization was first identified in 1921 at Harappa in the Punjab … Read more
Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization of Resources, Growth development and EMPLOYMENT. Inclusive Growth and issues arising from it. Government Budgeting. Effects of Liberalization on the economy,changes in Industrial Policy and their effects on industrial growth. INFRASTRUCTURE: Energy, Ports, Roads,Airports, Railways etc. Investment Models. Economics is the social science that studies the … Read more
The Washington Consensus: A Neoliberal Blueprint for Development? The Washington Consensus, a term coined in the early 1990s, refers to a set of ten economic policy recommendations that emerged from the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the World Bank, and the US Treasury Department. These recommendations, largely based on neoliberal principles, aimed to guide developing countries … Read more
Agenda 21: A Blueprint for Sustainable Development in the 21st Century Introduction Agenda 21, a comprehensive blueprint for sustainable development, emerged from the 1992 United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) in Rio de Janeiro, also known as the Earth Summit. This landmark document, adopted by 178 nations, laid out a framework for achieving … Read more
Agricultural credit provided directly to farmers, called direct finance to farmer for agriculture, is either short-term or long-term. While short-term credit enables cultivators to procure inputs such as fertiliser and seeds needed for agricultural operations, long-term credit is meant for Investment in fixed assets such as Irrigation pumps, tractors, agricultural machinery and so on, thus … Read more
–2/”>a >DOCTYPE html PUBLIC “-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN” “http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd”> , BRICS,other Bilateral and Regional groupings In the 20th century there was a strong dynamics of integration processes, in the singular regions of the world, what is identified, by many scientists, with a trial to find a new way of economy development. Nowadays, integration activity is … Read more
Tackling Unemployment: A Global Perspective on Government Policies and Schemes Unemployment, a persistent economic and social challenge, affects individuals, families, and entire societies. It erodes economic growth, increases poverty, and can lead to social unrest. Governments worldwide have implemented a wide range of policies and schemes to address this issue, each tailored to their specific … Read more
The APMC Acts: A Deep Dive into India’s Agricultural Marketing System The Agricultural Produce Market Committee (APMC) Acts, enacted in various states across India, form the backbone of the country’s agricultural marketing system. These acts regulate the buying and selling of agricultural produce within designated market areas, aiming to ensure fair prices for farmers and … Read more
