Notes and Study material for Exams
Biodiversity and conservation Biodiversity, or biological diversity, is the variety of all life forms.Sum total of all the variety of living organisms on earth constitute biodiversity. There are three Levels of Biodiversity: Genetic diversity—the variety of genetic information contained in individual Plants, animals and micro-organisms Species diversity—the variety of species ecosystem diversity—the … Read more
Unveiling Drought: The Silent Crisis Drought, a silent and insidious threat, is a complex phenomenon that transcends geographical boundaries and impacts every aspect of life on Earth. It is not merely a lack of rain; it is a multifaceted crisis that unfolds over time, leaving behind a trail of devastation in its wake. This article … Read more
Topological & Non-Topological Conservation Conservation – shape and structure of networks of interacting organisms in ecological systems In-situ conservation Protect whole ecosystem at all levels to protect threatened species (save entire forest to save tiger) Hot Spots – High endemism & high Species richness (in India – Western Ghats (Agasthyamalai hills, … Read more
Energy Efficiency Energy efficiency, means using less energy to provide the same level of energy. It is therefore one method to reduce human greenhouse gas emissions. For example if a house is insulated, less energy is used in heating and cooling to achieve a satisfactory temperature. Another example is installing fluorescent lights or skylights, instead … Read more
New dimensions of public management NPM is a label that captures a range of reforms inspired by the idea that private sector management techniques and market mechanisms increase public sector efficiency. NPM type reforms include, for example, quantification, the introduction of performance management systems, the increase in the responsibility of public administrators, the introduction of … Read more
Pipes and Cistern Inlet: A pipe connected with a tank or a cistern or a reservoir, that fills it, is known as an inlet. Outlet: A pipe connected with a tank or cistern or reservoir, emptying it, is known as an outlet. If a pipe can fill a tank in xhours, then: … Read more
Samarth Scheme: Empowering India’s Textile Sector Introduction India’s textile sector, a cornerstone of the nation’s economy, employs a vast workforce and contributes significantly to the country’s GDP. However, the sector faces numerous challenges, including low productivity, outdated technology, and a lack of skilled manpower. To address these issues and enhance the competitiveness of the Indian … Read more
Means of Irrigation and its importance India is an agricultural country. About seventy per cent of its people depend on agriculture. Watering is essential for the crops. Agriculture is not possible without water. We have to depend on rains for water for our fields, but we do not get rains throughout the year. India … Read more
Plants Plant, any multicellular eukaryotic life-form characterized by photosynthetic Nutrition (a characteristic possessed by all plants except some parasitic plants and underground orchids), in which chemical energy is produced from water, Minerals, and carbon dioxide with the aid of pigments and the radiant energy of the Sun, essentially unlimited Growth at localized regions, … Read more
Issues Of Finance, ownership, operation and maintenance of all kinds of Foreign Direct Investment under automatic route in the construction development sector. High capital intensity, low operating cost, higher gestation period, near absent risk mitigation measures, difficulties in getting Environment clearance, inability to generate direct adequate income streams to selffinance are some of the challenges … Read more