Notes and Study material for Exams
Integration of Princely States Under the plan of 3 June, more than 562 princely states were given the option of joining either India or Pakistan, or choosing independence. Indian nationalists and large segments of the public feared that if these states did not accede, most of the people and territory would be fragmented. The Congress … Read more
Emergency: The Crisis of Democratic Order The concept of “emergency” has long been a cornerstone of political thought, serving as a crucial mechanism for governments to respond to extraordinary situations that threaten the stability of the state. However, the increasing invocation of emergency powers in recent years has raised serious concerns about the erosion of … Read more
Bhopal State The state was established in 1724 by the Afghan Sardar Dost Mohammed Khan, who was a commander in the Mughal army posted at Mangalgarh, which lies to the north of the modern city of Bhopal. Taking advantage of the disintegration of the Mughal Empire, he usurped Mangalgarh and Berasia (now a tehsil of … Read more
Enforceability of Fundamental Rights against state and others Under Indian Consititution, All the Fundamental Rights are available against the ‘State’ but only 4 fundamental Rights are available against both State as well as against Private Individual. These Fundamental Rights are : ARTICLE 15(2) – Provides that No citizen shall be subject to any kind of … Read more
State Human Rights Commission A State Commission is to be composed of a chairman and some members appointed by the Governor in consultation with the Chief Minister, Home Minister, Speaker and Leader of the Opposition in State Assembly. The chairman is to be a retired judge of the High Court; one of the members should … Read more
The Jharkhand Public Service Commission was Constituted under the provisions of the ARTICLE 315 of the Constitution of India by the Governor of Jharkhand vide Notification . Jharkhand Public Service Commission (JPSC) was established with the aim of making a commission fully responsible for making the recruitment for the government posts in the state. The … Read more
The Constitutional Discretion of the Governor: A Balancing Act of Power and Responsibility The Governor, as the chief executive of a state, occupies a pivotal position within the American federal system. Beyond their administrative duties, Governors wield significant constitutional discretion, a power that allows them to shape policy, respond to crises, and influence the direction … Read more
Here is a list of subtopics without any description for Public Sector Undertakings: Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs) Central Public Sector Enterprises (CPSEs) State-owned enterprises (SOEs) Government-owned companies Public corporations Statutory corporations Departmental undertakings Non-departmental undertakings Public-private partnerships (PPPs) Divestment PrivatizationPrivatization Corporatization Commercialization Deregulation LiberalizationLiberalization Reform Restructuring Closure Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs) are enterprises that are … Read more
Articles 168 to 212 in Part VI of the Constitution deal with the organisation, composition, duration, officers, procedures, privileges, powers and so on of the State Legislature.In most of the States, the Legislature consists of the Governor and the Legislative Assembly (Vidhan Sabha). This means that these State have unicameral Legislature. In a Six States( … Read more
State Legislature : Organization, Powers and functions Articles 168 to 212 in Part VI of the Constitution deal with the organisation, composition, duration, officers, procedures, privileges, powers and so on of the state legislature.In most of the States, the Legislature consists of the Governor and the Legislative Assembly (Vidhan Sabha). This means that these State … Read more