Notes and Study material for Exams
Philosophy of the Upanishad and the Bhagavad Gita –Yoga-philosophy/”>Yoga Philosophy of Pathanjali Philosophy of the Upanishad What are Upanishads? The Upanishads are ancient texts, which record the foundation of Hindu thought. They are the final part of the Vedas, the part that is concerned with pure knowledge. The word ‘veda’ means ‘knowledge’; and the Upanishads … Read more
The Literary Landscape of Jainism: A Journey Through Sacred Texts Jainism, an ancient Indian religion, boasts a rich and diverse literary tradition spanning centuries. Its scriptures, known as Agamas (meaning “knowledge” or “tradition”), serve as the foundation of Jain philosophy, ethics, and practice. These texts, written in Prakrit languages, offer a profound exploration of spiritual … Read more
What is Buddhism? Buddhism is a religion that originated in India over 2,500 years ago. It is based on the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama, who is also known as the Buddha. The Buddha taught that suffering is caused by desire and that the way to end suffering is to follow the Eightfold Path. The Eightfold … Read more
I Buddhist Council 500 BC at Ajatsataru . Record the Buddha‘s sayings (sutra) and codify Rajgaha Presided by monastic rules (vinaya). Rajgaha is today’s Mahakasyapa Rajgir II Buddhist Council 383 BC at Kalasoka The conservative schools insisted on monastic Vaishali rules (vinaya). The secessionist Mahasangikas argued for more relaxed monastic rules.Rejection of the Mahasanghikas III … Read more
Swami Vivekananda: The Lion of Bengal and His Enduring Legacy Introduction: Swami Vivekananda, born Narendra Nath Datta, was a towering figure in the history of modern India. He was a renowned spiritual leader, philosopher, and social reformer who played a pivotal role in introducing Hinduism to the West and inspiring a wave of nationalistic fervor … Read more
The Parallel Paths: Exploring the Similarities and Differences between Buddhism and Jainism Buddhism and Jainism, two ancient Indian religions, share a common origin in the Vedic tradition and a profound emphasis on non-violence and spiritual liberation. While they share many core tenets, they also diverge in their philosophical approaches and practices, creating distinct paths towards … Read more
Hinduism: A Dominant Religious Influence Shaping the World Hinduism, one of the world’s oldest and most complex religions, boasts a rich history and a profound impact on the cultural landscape of India and beyond. With its diverse traditions, philosophical schools, and spiritual practices, Hinduism has shaped the lives of billions of people for millennia. This … Read more
–2/”>a >DOCTYPE html PUBLIC “-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN” “http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd”> , life expectancy, Literacy, standard of living and Migration in India Human Development—a comprehensive approach Human development is a process of enlarging people’s choices. But human development is also the objective, so it is both a process and an outcome. Human development implies that people must … Read more
Human Values Human values have been employed in so distinctively different ways in human discourse. It is often said that a person has a value or an object has a value. Value is “a concept explicit of implicit, distinctive of an individual or characteristics of a group of those desirable traits which influence the selection … Read more
The Puranas: Ancient Narratives of India’s Cosmic Journey The Puranas, literally meaning “ancient,” are a vast and diverse body of Hindu literature that encapsulates the essence of Indian mythology, history, philosophy, and social norms. These sacred texts, often referred to as the “fifth Veda,” offer a rich tapestry of narratives, cosmologies, and moral teachings that … Read more