Notes and Study material for Exams
Ahmad Shah Durrani: The Founder of the Durrani Empire Ahmad Shah Durrani, also known as Ahmad Shah Abdali, was a pivotal figure in Afghan history, renowned for establishing the Durrani Empire, a powerful and influential state that spanned much of modern-day Afghanistan, Pakistan, and parts of Iran and Central Asia. His reign, though brief, marked … Read more
Audit and accounting: Auditing is defined as the systematic and independent assessment and examination of data, statement, records, operations and performance, financial or otherwise of an enterprise. Objectives of Auditing: PRIMARY OBJECTIVE Examining the system of Internal check Checking arithmetical accuracy of books of accounts Verifying the authenticity and validity of transactions. Checking the … Read more
Measurement of any physical quantity involves comparison with a certain basic, arbitrarily chosen, internationally accepted reference standard called unit. The result of a measurement of a physical quantity is expressed by a number (or numerical measure) accompanied by a unit. A unit of measurement is a definite magnitude of a quantity, defined and adopted by … Read more
The Lion of the Punjab: Maharaja Ranjit Singh and the Rise of the Sikh Empire Maharaja Ranjit Singh (1780-1839), often referred to as the “Lion of the Punjab,” was a remarkable figure who transformed a fragmented region into a powerful and prosperous empire. His reign marked a pivotal period in the history of the Indian … Read more
Amendments Amendments to the Constitution are made by the Parliament, the procedure for which is laid out in ARTICLE 368. An amendment bill must be passed by both the Houses of the Parliament by a two-thirds majority and voting. In addition to this, certain amendments which pertain to the federal nature of the Constitution must … Read more