Notes and Study material for Exams
Communalism: A Complex Tapestry of Shared Values and Collective Action Communalism, a term often used interchangeably with “communitarianism,” encompasses a diverse range of ideologies and practices centered around the idea of shared ownership, collective decision-making, and a strong emphasis on community well-being. While the term itself may seem straightforward, its meaning and application are nuanced … Read more
Leibniz’s theory is best known as a solution to the mind–body problem of how mind can interact with the body. Leibniz rejected the idea of physical bodies affecting each other, and explained all physical causation in this way. Under pre-established harmony, the preprogramming of each mind must be extremely complex, since only it causes its own thoughts … Read more
Workers, Peasant and Tribal Movements in Assam The Assam-Bengal Railway Workers’ Strike (1921) Perhaps the first sympathetic strike in our country of a tremendous magnitude took place in 1921 when the workers of Assam Bengal railway resorted to an indefinite strike. The strike is very important from the historical point of view not only … Read more
Beyond the Ramayana: Exploring the Rich Tapestry of Non-Agam Literature The term “Agam” in Indian literature refers to the classical Sanskrit texts that primarily deal with religious and philosophical themes. These texts, often associated with the Vedic tradition, include the Vedas, Upanishads, Puranas, and epics like the Ramayana and Mahabharata. While these works hold immense … Read more
Sanskar Vyavastha Samskaras is a prescribed set of observances, a religious ceremony or act regarded as an outward and visible sign of inward or spiritual. Ancient Sanskrit literature texts, such as Raghuvamsha, Kumarsambhava, Abhijnan -Shakuntal, Hitopadesha and Manu Smruti, samskara is used to mean: Education, cultivation, training, refinement, perfection, grammatical purity, polishing, embellishment, decoration, a … Read more
Westernisation The role of Westernisation has been very significant in understanding the socio-cultural changes of modern India. British rule produced radical and lasting changes in the Secularism etc. The term Modernisation involved a transformation of social, political and economic organisation. As aconcept it is greatly helpful to the sociologists who have been primarily concerned … Read more
[su_heading]Art Forms of India[/su_heading] Mughal Pahari Rajasthani/Rajput Madhubani/Mithila Manjusha/Angika Tanjore Origin Earlier Persian blend. Became Indian under Akbar. Originated in the sub-Himalayan kingdoms of 19th century. Early 16th century. Various sub-schools existed Done traditionally by the Women in the villages near the town of Madhubani. It originated as floor and wall paintings. … Read more
Hindu Sects: Hinduism as a federation of various sects – Shaiva, Vaishnava and Shakta Hinduism is a complex religion. It is an artificial collection of several traditions that originated in India in the last few millenniums. Since, the Muslim and British rulers and scholars alike were ignorant of the native traditions, they grouped everything under … Read more
Narayana Guru social reforms Sri Narayana Guru was a prophet, sage and Hindu saint and also a social reformer of India. He was born in the family of Ezhavas, in a period when people from backward communities, like, the Ezhavas faced much social injustices in the caste-ridden Kerala Society. Gurudevan, as he was fondly known … Read more
Niche:- a description of all the biological, physical and chemical factors that a species needs to survive, stay healthy and reproduce. No two species have exact identical niches. Niche plays an important role in conservation of organisms. Types of Niche Habitat niche – where it lives Food niche – what is eats or decomposes … Read more