Notes and Study material for Exams
Obstacles to National Integration: A Multifaceted Challenge National integration, the process of forging a unified and cohesive nation-state from diverse communities, is a complex and multifaceted endeavor. While the pursuit of national unity is often lauded as a noble goal, achieving it in practice is fraught with challenges. These obstacles, stemming from historical, social, economic, … Read more
Social Institutions: Family, Marriage, Kinship, Religion and Social stratification in India Society is the combination of individuals. These individuals have their various needs which they want to be satisfied. For this purpose people behave in a customary way which is controlled by norms. This participation of people for the attainment of their various … Read more
Banganga Fair:-It is said that the stream of Banganga was formed when Arjun, one of the Pandavas, shot an arrow to quench the thirst of dying Bhishma Pitamah, who was a brave warrior and had been badly wounded in the battle of Mahabharata. Chandrabagha Fair:-Thousands of devotees gather here at the time of fair … Read more
Kumbh Mela Large Gathering Religious Pilgrimage Ritualistic Bathing Large Gathering: A logistical marvel The scale of the Mela is staggering. Every three years, a cycle rotates through four locations along sacred rivers in India: Haridwar, Nashik, Ujjain, and Prayagraj. Each location sees millions of pilgrims descend upon the city, creating a temporary metropolis with its … Read more
The Naqshbandi Silsilah: A Legacy of Sufism and Spiritual Refinement The Naqshbandi Silsilah, one of the most prominent and influential Sufi orders in the Islamic world, has played a pivotal role in shaping the spiritual landscape of numerous cultures for centuries. This article delves into the rich history, core principles, practices, and enduring legacy of … Read more
I wish for a peaceful term of India. I cannot forget that in the sky of India , Lord Canning serene as it is, a small cloud may arise ………..threaten to burst & overwhelm. ‘a battle of blacks against the whites’ (on 1857 revolt) J.W. Kaye The … Read more
Provisions for scheduled castes, Tribes and Minorities CONSITITONAL PROVISIONS FOR SC & ST Constitutional History In the original Constitution, ARTICLE 338 provided for a special officer (the Commissioner for SCs and STs) responsible for monitoring the implementation of constitutional and legislative safeguards for SCs and STs and reporting to the president. Seventeen regional offices of … Read more
Echoes of the Past: Unveiling the Secrets of Prehistoric Rock Paintings The world is a canvas, and throughout history, humans have used it to express themselves. From the earliest cave paintings to the intricate murals of ancient civilizations, art has served as a powerful tool for communication, storytelling, and cultural expression. Among the most captivating … Read more
Buddhism is a world religion and is based on the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama, who is known as the Buddha (literally the Enlightened One or Awakened One). Siddhārtha Gautama was the historical founder of Buddhism. After asceticism and meditation, he discovered the Buddhist Middle Way—a path of moderation away from the extremes of self-indulgence and … Read more
1.The Marathas were Scindia (Gwalior), Holkar (Indore), Gaekwar (Baroda), Bhonsle (Nagpur). 2.Sawai Jai Singh of Amer (Jaipur) had Euclid’s ‘Elements of Geometry) & several works on Trigonometry were translated into Sanskrit. Banda Bairagi was baptised as Banda Singh Bahadur by Guru Gobind Singh. 3.Alfonso d’ Albuquerque came to India as The Portuguese … Read more