Notes and Study material for Exams
Anglo-Sikh War Maharaja Ranjit Singh died in 1839 after a reign of nearly forty years, leaving seven sons by different wives, none of whom was a worthy successor to the ‘Lion of the Panjab’. Two main factions, the Hindu Dogra brothers and the Sikh aristocracy, fought for control. Kharrak Singh was the first successor, but … Read more
Bundelas, Sikhs, Jats and Satnamis Bundelas The Bundelas are a Rajput clan of central India. The families belonging to this clan ruled several small states in the Bundelkhand region from the 16th century. Mythical origin The mythical accounts of the Bundela dynasties trace their ancestry to the Suryavansha (solar dynasty). An example of such an … Read more
PRESS & MAGAZINES of Uttarakhand “yugwani”- The Premier Hindi Magazine Of Uttarakhand “Yugwani” the esteemed hindi news weekly that was started way back in 1947 by Prof. Bhagwat Prasad Panthri, Acharya Gopeshwar Kothiyal and Tej Ram Bhatt. Sanjay Kothial is editor of this magazine at present. The role of this news weekly was historic during … Read more
Partition and Then Independence: The Fractured Landscapes of Punjab, Bengal, Assam, and Sindh The year 1947 marked a watershed moment in the history of the Indian subcontinent. The British Raj, after centuries of rule, finally relinquished its hold, leaving behind a legacy of political turmoil and communal violence. The partition of India, a hastily conceived … Read more
The Rise of Autonomous States in Punjab during the Mughal Empire: A Tale of Power, Patronage, and Rebellion The Mughal Empire, spanning centuries and encompassing vast swathes of the Indian subcontinent, was a complex tapestry of power dynamics. While the emperors at Delhi held the reins of authority, the provinces, particularly those on the periphery, … Read more
A Journey Through India: Exploring the Land of Diverse Landscapes and Rich History India, a land of vibrant colors, ancient traditions, and diverse landscapes, is a tapestry woven with threads of history, culture, and geography. Its vast expanse, spanning from the snow-capped Himalayas to the sun-kissed shores of the Indian Ocean, presents a captivating panorama … Read more
The Second Anglo-Sikh War: A Clash of Empires and Ideologies The Second Anglo-Sikh War, fought between 1848 and 1849, was a pivotal event in the history of both the Sikh Empire and British India. It marked the final chapter in the Sikh-British rivalry, culminating in the annexation of the Punjab by the British East India … Read more
The First Anglo-Sikh War: A Clash of Empires in the Punjab The First Anglo-Sikh War (1845-1846) marked a pivotal moment in the history of the Punjab, India, and the British Empire. It was a clash of two powerful forces: the burgeoning Sikh Empire, a formidable military power in the region, and the ever-expanding British East … Read more
The Rajiv Gandhi Government: A Legacy of Reform and Controversy Rajiv Gandhi’s tenure as Prime Minister of India, from 1984 to 1989, was a period of significant change and upheaval. He inherited a nation reeling from the assassination of his mother, Indira Gandhi, and faced a multitude of challenges, including economic stagnation, political instability, and … Read more
The Anandpur Sahib Resolution: A Turning Point in Sikh History The Anandpur Sahib Resolution, adopted in 1973 by the Shiromani Akali Dal (SAD), stands as a pivotal document in the history of the Sikh community. It outlined a vision for the future of the Sikhs, advocating for greater autonomy and self-governance within the Indian Union. … Read more