Notes and Study material for Exams
Respiratory Quotient: Carbohydrates, fats and protein The respiratory quotient (or RQ or respiratory coefficient), is a dimensionless number used in calculations of basal metabolic rate (BMR) when estimated from carbon dioxide production. It is calculated from the ratio of carbon dioxide produced by the body to Oxygen consumed by the body. Such measurements, like measurements … Read more
DNA: STRUCTURE DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms. Nearly every cell in a person’s body has the same DNA. Most DNA is located in the cell nucleus (where it is called nuclear DNA), but a small amount of DNA can also be found in the … Read more
Bioreactors: The Heart of Modern Biotechnology Bioreactors are the workhorses of modern biotechnology, serving as controlled environments for cultivating cells, tissues, and microorganisms to produce valuable products. These versatile systems are essential for a wide range of applications, from pharmaceutical drug production to biofuel generation and environmental remediation. This article delves into the fascinating world … Read more
The Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) promotes accountability, transparency and Good Governance through high quality Auditing and accounting.The Comptroller and auditor general (CAG) of India is empower to audit all expenses from the combine Fund of the union or state governments, whether incurred within India or outside. The Comptroller and Auditor General of … Read more
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS Proteins are the end product of many metabolic processes. A typical cell requires thousands of different protein Molecules at any given moment. So, the protein requirements of a particular cell has to be satisfied by synthesizing them at site or has to be transferred from where it is being synthesized. This is in … Read more
Chromosomes Chromosome, the microscopic threadlike part of the cell that carries hereditary information in the form of genes. A defining feature of any chromosome is its compactness. For instance, the 46 chromosomes found in human cells have a combined length of 200 nm (1 nm = 10− 9 metre); if the chromosomes were … Read more
Objects having characteristics of cellular organization, Growth, Reproduction, ability to sense Environment and give response are living organisms. There are some important features of living organisms: It should grow, which means its structure changes as time goes by in an advantageous manner. It should show adaptation to the environment. It should maintain some balanced … Read more
Introduction and application of Genetic engineering Genetic engineering Genetic engineering, the artificial manipulation, modification, and recombination of DNA or other nucleic acid Molecules in order to modify an organism or Population of organisms. The term genetic engineering initially referred to various techniques used for the modification or manipulation of organisms through the processes … Read more
The Vital Role of Fish Meal in Aquaculture and Beyond: A Deep Dive into Sustainability and Innovation Fish meal, a key ingredient in animal feed, plays a crucial role in sustaining global food security. Derived from fish processing byproducts, it provides a rich source of protein, essential amino acids, and other nutrients vital for animal … Read more
The Protein Revolution: Redefining Nutrition for a Changing World The world is undergoing a protein revolution. This isn’t just about a growing preference for protein-rich diets; it’s a fundamental shift in how we understand and consume protein, driven by a confluence of factors: A burgeoning global population: With an estimated 9.7 billion people on Earth … Read more