Notes and Study material for Exams
Topological & Non-Topological Conservation Conservation – shape and structure of networks of interacting organisms in ecological systems In-situ conservation Protect whole ecosystem at all levels to protect threatened species (save entire forest to save tiger) Hot Spots – High endemism & high Species richness (in India – Western Ghats (Agasthyamalai hills, … Read more
Public Private PARTNERSHIP for INFRASTRUCTURE and urban development projects. PPP is in particular need due to inefficiency, overstaffing and low productivity in govt. services and govt. owned enterprises. The projects under PPP go through competitive pricing process which clearly shows that the cost of public services is ‘bench marked’ against market standards. The payments which … Read more
Census Of India : Economic and Social features Rural and urban Population Altogether, 833.5 million persons live in rural area as per Census 2011, which was more than two-third of the total population, while 377.1 million persons live in urban areas. Urban proportion has gone up from 17.3 per cent in 1951 to 31.2 per … Read more
–2/”>a >DOCTYPE html PUBLIC “-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN” “http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd”> : Direct and Indirect in modern usage, is a System of Government in which the citizens exercise power directly or elect representatives from among themselves to form a governing body, such as a parliament. is sometimes referred to as "rule of the majority". is a system … Read more
–2/”>a >DOCTYPE html PUBLIC “-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN” “http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd”> During the first three decades after Independence, the Indian economy stagnated around a trend rate of Growth of 3.5 per cent, popularly known as the Hindu rate of growth. The scenario changed during the 1980s. The acceleration of growth during the 1980s to 5.6 per cent … Read more
–2/”>a >DOCTYPE html PUBLIC “-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN” “http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd”> , BRICS,other Bilateral and Regional groupings In the 20th century there was a strong dynamics of integration processes, in the singular regions of the world, what is identified, by many scientists, with a trial to find a new way of economy development. Nowadays, integration activity is … Read more
Tax and Economic Reforms in Andhra Pradesh :- On 16 May 2017 Andhra Pradesh Legislature passed the state Goods and Services Tax (GST) Bill and contributed towards biggest Tax and Economic Reforms in Andhra Pradesh . Meanwhile State has a glorious history of Economic and Tax Reforms. First Phase of Economic Reforms in Andhra Pradesh :– The attention of … Read more
First Plan (1951 – 56) Target Growth : 2.1 % Actual Growth 3.6 % It was based on Harrod-Domar Model. Influx of refugees, severe food shortage & mounting Inflation confronted the country at the onset of the First Five Year Plan. The Plan Focussed on agriculture, price stability, power and transport It was a successful … Read more
Economic Growth Economic growth means an increase in Real GDP. This increase in real GDP means there is an increase in the value of national output / national expenditure. Economic growth is an important macro-economic objective because it enables increased living standards and helps create new jobs. Measurement of Economic Growth Economic growth is measured … Read more
Rajasthan ranks fourth in the list of Public Private PARTNERSHIP (PPP) projects in the country. As per a report released by the Assocham, there are seven major urban development projects worth over Rs 1,400 crore currently being undertaken in construction sector in PPP mode and several others in rural areas. The State Government, with … Read more