Notes and Study material for Exams
The Surcharge on Certain Taxes and Duties: A Deep Dive into Article 271 of the Income Tax Act The Indian Income Tax Act, 1961, is a complex and multifaceted piece of legislation designed to ensure a fair and equitable distribution of the tax burden. One of the key provisions within this Act is Article 271, … Read more
The Tax-GDP Ratio: A Window into Fiscal Health and Economic Development The tax-GDP ratio, a fundamental metric in macroeconomics, reflects the proportion of a nation’s gross domestic product (GDP) collected as tax revenue. This ratio serves as a crucial indicator of a country’s fiscal health, its ability to fund public services, and its overall economic … Read more
Human Health and diseases According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), health is defined as: Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well being and not merely absence of disease or infirmity. Good health of an individual is important in order to ensure happiness and our ability to work. There are many … Read more
The Two Faces of Power: Unicameral vs. Bicameral Legislatures The legislative branch of government, responsible for crafting and enacting laws, takes on diverse forms across the globe. One fundamental distinction lies in the structure of the legislature itself: unicameral or bicameral. This seemingly simple difference in structure has profound implications for the balance of power, … Read more
The Shifting Sands of “Left-Wing”: A Historical and Contemporary Analysis The term “left-wing” has been a fixture in political discourse for centuries, yet its meaning remains fluid and contested. This article aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the term, exploring its historical evolution, its current manifestations, and the challenges it faces in a rapidly … Read more
Groups in Christianity: The roman Catholic church, The eastern arthodox church, and protestants churches Roman catholic church The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with more than 1.29 billion members worldwide. As one of the oldest religious institutions in the world, it has played a … Read more
External Commercial Borrowing: A Lifeline for Growth or a Debt Trap? External Commercial Borrowing (ECB) has become a significant source of financing for developing economies, particularly in Asia and Latin America. It offers a potential lifeline for growth, providing access to capital for infrastructure development, industrial expansion, and other crucial investments. However, ECB also carries … Read more
The Nagaland Accord: A Complex History and Uncertain Future Introduction The Nagaland Accord, signed in 2015, aimed to end the decades-long insurgency in Nagaland, a state in Northeast India. The accord, however, has been shrouded in controversy and uncertainty, with its implementation facing numerous challenges. This article delves into the historical context of the Naga … Read more
A Race Against Time: Critically Endangered Animals in India India, a land of immense biodiversity, is also home to a significant number of critically endangered species. These animals, teetering on the brink of extinction, face a multitude of threats, including habitat loss, poaching, and climate change. Their survival hinges on immediate and effective conservation efforts. … Read more